University of Udine
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Bifurcation of closed orbits of Hamiltonian systems with application to geodesics of the Schwarzschild metric
No full textWe investigate bifurcation of closed orbits with a fixed energy level for a class of nearly integrable Hamiltonian systems with two degrees of freedom. More precisely, we make a joint use of Moser invariant curve theorem and Poincaré-Birkhoff fixed point theorem to prove that a periodic non-degenerate invariant torus \mathcal{T} of the unperturbed problem gives rise to infinitely many closed orbits, bifurcating from a family of tori accumulating onto \mathcal{T}. The required non-degeneracy condition, which is nothing but a reformulation of the usual non-degeneracy condition in the isoenergetic KAM theory, is expressed in terms of the derivative of the apsidal angle with respect to the angular momentum: in this way, tools from the theory of time-maps of nonlinear oscillators can be used to verify it in concrete problems. Applications are given to perturbations of central force problems in the plane, and to equatorial geodesic dynamics for perturbations of the Schwarzschild metric
Screening for brain metastases in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer and an actionable genomic alteration: A structured literature review
No full textBackground Brain metastases (BM) frequently occur in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with actionable genomic alterations (AGA). Targeted therapies (TTs) improve outcomes, but differences in BM screening and eligibility criteria across trials make comparisons challenging. While stage IV NSCLC guidelines recommend BM screening, it is not mandatory, and imaging techniques vary. Methods Registrational and phase II/III trials of FDA/EMA-approved TTs for advanced NSCLC with AGA, published since 2012, were included. Main focus of the review was evaluation of baseline brain screening practices across trials. Information on BM follow-up, BM incidence, and BM-related outcomes was retrieved. Results Of 51 trials, 71% mandated baseline BM screening, and 27% mandated follow-up imaging for all patients. MRI was specified for BM assessment in 31% of the trials. BM incidence at baseline was high, up to 40% in the first-line setting. While most trials included patients with BM, eligibility criteria varied, and 43% of trials prespecified BM-related outcomes; 56% of phase III trials used BM as a stratification factor. Conclusion This review highlights the increasing attention to BM screening in NSCLC TT trials. However, substantial heterogeneity remains in BM eligibility, screening, outcomes, and follow-up. Standardizing these aspects in future trials is essential
Digital Immunophenotyping of Lung Atypical Carcinoids and Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinomas Identifies Three Subtypes With Specific Tumor-Immune Microenvironment Features
No full textAtypical carcinoids (ACs) and large cell neuroendocrine carcinomas (LCNECs) are defined by the WHO as intermediate- and high-grade lung neuroendocrine neoplasms, respectively, based on morphological criteria; however, treatment strategies remain debated. Given the emerging role of the tumor microenvironment (TME) and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in cancer prognosis and therapy response, this study aimed to characterize the immune landscape of ACs and LCNECs comprehensively. Immunohistochemistry for T-cell markers (CD3, CD8), immune checkpoints (PD-1, PD-L1), HLA molecules (HLA-DR, HLA-I), and fibroblasts (α-SMA) was performed on a re-evaluated cohort of 56 ACs and 104 LCNECs. Digital image analysis quantified intra-tumor (iTILs) and stromal (sTILs) CD3 and CD8 TILs in the whole slide and in specific tumor regions (invasive margin [IM] and central tumor [CT]). LCNECs exhibited significantly higher stromal T-cell infiltration, immune checkpoint expression, and HLA compared to ACs (p < 0.001), while α-SMA was more prominent in ACs. No ACs showed PD-L1 tumor expression. Digital quantification confirmed greater iTILs and sTILs in LCNECs across all regions, with moderate concordance to manual counts. Interestingly, TIL parameters were higher at the IM than in the CT (p < 0.001). Using Boruta feature selection algorithm, Principal Component Analysis and Hierarchical Clustering, three patient clusters were identified: Cluster 1 (mainly ACs, low TILs, favorable prognosis), Cluster 2 (mixed histology, intermediate TILs, moderate prognosis), and Cluster 3 (mostly LCNECs, high TILs, poor prognosis), with distinct TME marker profiles. PD-L1 tumor expression was strongly linked to Cluster 3. These findings suggest that ACs and LCNECs may be stratified into three distinct immune clusters, highlighting the heterogeneity of their tumor microenvironment and providing a rationale for further translational studies
Per una liberazione dalla retorica dell’archivio. Verso una pratica dell’immagine come relazione
No full textWe present a dialogue with Alessandro Gagliardo, focusing on his artistic work with obsolete media formats and his approach to filmmaking as a militant use of the archive. The conversation delves into his experiences with Malastrada Film, the Festival dell'Archivio and his views on the role of archives in contemporary visual culture. Gagliardo advocates a dynamic, non-linear engagement with both archival material and the archive itself, emphasising the active role of the archivist in the creative process
La sympathie dans le roman: Manzoni lecteur de Sophie de Grouchy ?
No full textThe essay centres on the definition of sympathy as set out by Sophie de Grouchy in Lettres sur la sympathie, dedicated to Cabanis, and on the relationship between this work and Adam Smith's Theory of Moral Sentiments, which was translated by Grouchy herself. The basic assumption is that during the transition from the Enlightenment to the Romantic era, the prevailing concept of sympathy in Enlightenment thought underwent a revision: the notion of sympathy as a reaction of sensitivity was replaced by a more complex emotion in which reason played a pivotal role, thus consolidating the natural but transient language of the body. Alessandro Manzoni also held this view, and his novel appears to have been influenced by the debate opened by the Idéologues, with whom the writer had close ties since his first stay in France, as well as by his reading of Lettres sur la sympathie
Musical Presence in the Cults of Mater Magna and Attis. Evidence from Trieste and Aquileia
No full textArchaeological, iconographic and epigraphic evidence from Trieste and Aquileia provides valuable insights into the musical practices associated with the cults of Mater Magna and Attis in northeastern Italy. In Trieste, an inscription referring to a cymba- listria suggests the crucial role of music in the goddess' worship. In Aquileia, artefacts such as two bronze cymbals and a figurine plausibly identified as Attis with cymbals offer insights into ritual sounds. This study investigates the adaptation of these Eastern cults within the regional context by highlighting iconographic and epigraphic data with potential implications for musical practices
AlterEGO. Delega di firma e delegazione funzionale per i provvedimenti delle università italiane
No full textAlterEGO è un progetto di formazione-intervento ideato e realizzato congiuntamente tra il 2024 e il 2025 dalle Comunità professionali di Procedamus e di PuntoPersonale con la collaborazione di LineATENEI.
L’obiettivo consisteva nella mappatura di una tabella dei provvedimenti e degli atti delegabili nelle
università italiane, e qui si presenta per la prima volta in Italia come documento condiviso da due Comunità professionali.
Impreziosisce il volume una serie di saggi sulla delega di firma e sulla delegazione funzionale, con un focus importante sulla delega in ambito di sicurezza
Food Safety Practices and Foodborne Illness in Italian Pediatric Oncology and Hematology Centers: A Survey on Behalf of the Infectious Disease Working Group of AIEOP
No full textBackground: Food safety practices are widely recommended for pediatric patients with cancer or undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HCT) to mitigate foodborne infectious risks. However, specific measures, such as the neutropenic diet (ND) or low-microbial diet, lack robust evidence and are inconsistently implemented across pediatric hematology-oncology centers. Additionally, data on foodborne illnesses (FBI) in this population remain scarce. Procedure: We conducted an online survey and a retrospective review of FBI cases across 22 centers within the Italian Association of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology (AIEOP) network, 13/22 performing allogeneic HCT. Results: All centers provide dietary recommendations to the patients. Restrictive diets are recommended in 72% of centers during hospitalization and in 77% after discharge. Universally avoided foods include unpasteurized milk, fresh fruit without skin, moldy cheeses, bakery and ice cream products, raw eggs and derivatives, raw meat, raw or smoked fish, cured meats, shellfish, and cooked food leftovers. Fresh fruits and vegetables are commonly restricted only to patients undergoing allogeneic HCT. Ninety-five percent of centers provide patients and their families with guidelines on cleaning food at home, including thorough cleaning of fruits and vegetables with a food disinfectant. Seven centers reported FBI cases, with eight documented cases, including two fatalities caused by meningoencephalitis related to infections from Listeria monocytogenes and Bacillus cereus, respectively. Conclusions: This study highlights the need for standardized, evidence-based food safety guidelines and FBI management to enhance care for pediatric patients receiving chemotherapy or HCT
Precision measurement of the B0 meson lifetime using B0→J/ψK∗0 decays with the ATLAS detector
No full textA measurement of the B0 meson lifetime using B0→J/ψK∗0 decays in data from 13 TeV proton–proton collisions with an integrated luminosity of 140fb-1 recorded by the ATLAS detector at the LHC is presented. The measured effective lifetime is (Formula presented.) The average decay width extracted from the effective lifetime, using parameters from external sources, is (Formula presented.) where the uncertainties are statistical, systematic and from external sources. The earlier ATLAS measurement of Γs in the Bs0→J/ψφ decay was used to derive a value for the ratio of the average decay widths Γd and Γs for B0 and Bs0 mesons respectively, of (Formula presented.) The measured lifetime, average decay width and decay width ratio are in agreement with theoretical predictions and with measurements by other experiments. This measurement provides the most precise result of the effective lifetime of the B0 meson to date