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Profiling Land Use Planning: Legislative Structures in Five European Nations
No full textLand use transformation, the longest-standing human-driven environmental alteration, is a pressing and complex issue that significantly impacts European landscapes and contributes to global environmental change. The urgency to act is reinforced by the European Environment Agency (EEA), which identifies industrial, commercial, and residential development—particularly near major urban centers—as key contributors to land take. As the EU sets a vision for achieving zero net land take by 2050, assessing the readiness and coherence of national legislation becomes critical. This comprehensive study employs a comparative legal analysis across five European countries—Italy, Greece, Poland, France, and Ukraine—examining their laws, strategies, and commitments related to land degradation neutrality. Using a review of national legislation and policy documents, the research identifies systemic patterns, barriers, and opportunities within current legal frameworks. The present study aims to provide valuable insights for policymakers, planners, and academic institutions, fostering a comprehensive understanding of existing gaps, implementation, and inconsistencies in national land use legislation. Among the results, it has become evident that a typical “pathway” between the examined states in terms of the legislative framework on land use–land take is probably a utopia for the time being. The legislations in force, in several cases, are labyrinthine and multifaceted, highlighting the urgent and immediate need for simplification and standardization. The need for this action is further underscored by the fact that, in most cases, land use frameworks are characterized by complementary legislation and ongoing amendments. Ultimately, the research underscores the critical need for harmonized governance and transparent, enforceable policies, particularly in regions where deregulated land use planning persists. The diversity in legislative layers and the decentralized role of the authorities further compounds the complexity, reinforcing the importance of cross-country dialogue and EU-wide coordination in advancing sustainable land use development
Analyzing Municipal Sustainability with CPT Data: the case of Basilicata Region
No full textThe system of Territorial Public Accounts (CPT), developed and managed by the Department for Cohesion Policies and for the South of the Presidency of the Council of Ministers, is an important source of information for the analysis of public spending. Thanks to the sectoral classification and the harmonization of budget data, the CPT allow a detailed analysis of the spending behavior of entities belonging to the Broader Public Sector (SPA), including local authorities, making it possible to compare territories, monitor policies and develop evaluation tools based on official and consolidated
data. However, their potential for measuring local sustainability remains underexploited when considering the growing attention to public sector sustainability reporting and the key role of local authorities in implementing the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of the 2030 Agenda. This paper presents a methodology applied to the 131 municipalities of Basilicata that aims to connect the monetary data of the CPTs of the Basilicata Region with the sustainability dimensions outlined by the 2030 Agenda. The methodology involves the structuring of a connection matrix between the CPT expenditure items, reclassified by sector and divided on the basis of the budget programs (Legislative Decree 118/2011); the sustainability indicators defined by international standards and reference organizations, which allow the connection with the SDGs; the statistical variables available at the municipal level, aimed at defining indicators that reflect the sustainability of expenditure flows. The selection of sustainability indicators and statistical variables was guided by their coherence with the
SDGs and limited by the availability of data at the municipal level. The main result of this work is the construction of a database for the Lucanian municipalities that enables two important analysis paths: 1) the identification of the relationship between the trend of local public spending (deriving from the CPT of the Basilicata Region) and the dynamics of sustainability indicators identified in the literature; 2) the identification and measurement of indicators that reflect the sustainability of spending flows. Framed in a broader research project, this preparatory work aims to provide local administrations with a crucial tool to improve their accountability and orient planning towards sustainability objectives. The constructed database represents the basis for the development of a longitudinal monitoring and evaluation system of the impact of local policies on the different pillars of sustainability, supporting the future drafting of sustainability reports
Multi-Year RST-Based Analysis of TIR Anomalies: Advances with a Focus on the 2019 Californian Ridgecrest Sequence (M7.1)
No full textFor over 25 years, Robust Satellite Techniques (RST) have been employed in the analysis of long-term satellite Thermal InfraRed (TIR) radiance data to detect anomalies—both spatial and temporal—that may be linked to the occurrence of significant earthquakes.
The findings obtained by analyzing multi-year (over a decade) time series of TIR satellite imagery across various continents and seismic settings indicate that more than 67% of the recognized space-time-persistent anomalies fall within a predefined window around the time and location of earthquakes with magnitude ≥4. The observed false positive rate remains below 33%.
Additionally, Molchan error diagram assessments support a statistically significant correlation, clearly distinguishing the results from random occurrence.
Following the most extensive evaluations conducted across regions such as Greece, Italy, Turkey, and Japan, this work presents a critical discussion of initial results obtained over California through the application of RST methodologies to long-term GOES radiance data.
Furthermore, the analyses, based on the application of the RETIRA index (Robust Estimator of TIR Anomalies), will also be critically examined in relation to the RETIRSA technique (Robust Estimator of TIR Slope Anomalies), which may offer an additional contribution to locally filter out the effects of transient warming events, typically linked to meteorological fronts
Accelerating Tabular Inference: Training Data Generation with TENET
No full textTabular Natural Language Inference (TNLI) involves machine learning models that assess whether structured tabular data supports or contradicts a hypothesis formulated in natural language. TNLI models typically require large sets of training examples, which are costly to produce manually. In this demonstration, we present Tenet, a system for the automatic generation of training examples for TNLI applications. Existing TNLI training approaches either depend on Donatello Santoro [email protected] University of Basilicata Potenza, Italy Paolo Papotti [email protected] EURECOM Biot, France Table: Person Name t1 Mike t2 t3 Anne John Age City 47 22 SF NY 19 SF TENET Training data Example A Claim: "Mike and Anne come from the same city" Label: Refutes Evidence cells: {t1.Name: "Mike", t2.Name: "Anne", t1.city: "SF", t2.City: "NY"} Example B Claim: "Mike is older than Anne" Label: Supports Evidence cells: {t1.Name: "Mike", t2.Name: "Anne", t1.Age: 47, t2.Age: 22} costly human annotation or generate simplistic examples that lack data diversity and complex reasoning. In contrast, Tenet can start from a small set of manually annotated examples to automatically TNLI Application Test data Figure 1: Given a table and selected cells, Tenet creates traingenerate a large and diverse training dataset. Tenet is based on the idea that SQL queries are the right tool for obtaining rich and complex generated examples. To ensure data variety, evidence-queries extract cell values from tables based on diverse data patterns. Once the relevant data are identi ed, semantic queries de ne di erent ways to interpret it using SQL clauses. These interpretations are then verbalized as text to create annotated examples for TNLI. This demonstration o ers an interactive experience where users will be able to select evidence from tabular data, inspect and re ne generated queries, and observe how Tenet transforms structured data into natural language hypotheses. By engaging with di erent scenarios, users will see how Tenet enables the rapid creation of high-quality TNLI datasets, leading to inference models with performance comparable to those trained on manually crafted examples
Olio e polifenoli, accumulo e monitoraggio con metodi non distruttivi
No full textNuove tecniche non distruttive e intelligenza
artificiale permettono di stimare olio e polifenoli,
guidando la scelta del momento ottimale
di raccolta dei frutt
The Pairing-Hamiltonian property in graph prisms
No full textLet be a graph of even order, and consider as the complete graph on the same vertex set as . A perfect matching of is called a pairing of . If for every pairing of it is possible to find a perfect matching of such that is a Hamiltonian cycle of , then is said to have the Pairing-Hamiltonian property, or -property, for short. In 2007, Fink (2007) [4] proved that for every , the -dimensional hypercube has the -property, thus proving a conjecture posed by Kreweras in 1996. In this paper we extend Fink’s result by proving that given a graph having the -property, the prism graph of has the -property as well. Moreover, if is a connected graph, we
show that there exists a positive integer such that the -prism of a graph has the -property for all
Search for a heavy pseudoscalar Higgs boson decaying to a 125 GeV Higgs boson and a Z boson in final states with two tau and two light leptons in proton-proton collisions at sqrt{s}=13 TeV
No full textA search for a heavy pseudoscalar Higgs boson, A, decaying to a 125 GeV Higgs boson h and a Z boson is presented. The h boson is identified via its decay to a pair of tau leptons, while the Z boson is identified via its decay to a pair of electrons or muons. The search targets the production of the A boson via the gluon-gluon fusion process, gg → A, and in association with bottom quarks,. The analysis uses a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 138 fb−1 collected with the CMS detector at the CERN LHC in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of TeV. Constraints are set on the product of the cross sections of the A production mechanisms and the A → Zh decay branching fraction. The observed (expected) upper limit at 95% confidence level ranges from 0.049 (0.060) pb to 1.02 (0.79) pb for the gg → A process and from 0.053 (0.059) pb to 0.79 (0.61) pb for the process in the probed range of the A boson mass, mA, from 225 GeV to 1 TeV. The results of the search are used to constrain parameters within the benchmark scenario of the minimal supersymmetric extension of the standard model. Values of tan β below 2.2 are excluded in this scenario at 95% confidence level for all mA values in the range from 225 to 350 GeV
Evidence for Similar Collectivity of High Transverse-Momentum Particles in p-Pb and Pb-Pb Collisions
No full textCharged hadron elliptic anisotropies (v2) are presented over a wide transverse momentum (pT) range for proton-lead (pPb) and lead-lead (PbPb) collisions at nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energies of 8.16 and 5.02 TeV, respectively. The data were recorded by the CMS experiment and correspond to integrated luminosities of 186 and 0.607 nb-1 for the pPb and PbPb systems, respectively. A four-particle cumulant analysis is performed using subevents separated in pseudorapidity to effectively suppress noncollective effects. At high pT (pT>8 GeV), significant positive v2 values that are similar between pPb and PbPb collisions at comparable charged particle multiplicities are observed. This observation suggests a common origin for the multiparticle collectivity for high-pT particles in the two systems
SEISMIC VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT OF EXISTING MASONRY BUILDINGS: A COMPARISON BETWEEN TWO DIFFERENT MODELING APPROACHES
No full textSeismic vulnerability assessment of existing masonry buildings requires to implement numerical models that are both reliable and computationally efficient. To date various modeling approaches have been proposed in literature in order to evaluate the global response of such structures within a Finite Element Model (FEM) approach, such as the Equivalent Frame
Model (EFM) and the Continuum Model (CM). The first is based on a simplified scheme comprising a system of mono-dimensional non-linear frame elements (such as piers and spandrels), by obtaining a significant structure simplification with an important reduction of the computational costs. Whereas, the second approach involves to model the structure through two- or three-dimensional continuum finite elements (as shell or solid). In this way a more refined model is obtained, even if the computational burden is drastically incremented and a large amount of data is required, too.
The paper presents a comparison between the two modeling approaches described above, used to implement and to analyze a case study, an existing masonry building located in Italy being irregular both in plan, since it is L-shaped, and in the elevation. Non-linear pushover static analyses are performed, and comparisons among the obtained results by means of both
the models considered are shown and commented
Robust Satellite Techniques (RSTs) for SO2 Detection with MSG-SEVIRI Data: A Case Study of the 2021 Tajogaite Eruption
No full textAbstract
Volcanic gas emissions, particularly sulfur dioxide (SO2), are crucial for volcano monitoring.
SO2 has a significant impact on air quality, the climate, and human health, making it a
critical component of volcano monitoring programs. Additionally, SO2 can be used to assess
the state of a volcano and the progression of an individual eruption and can serve as a proxy
for volcanic ash. The Tajogaite La Palma (Spain) eruption in 2021 emitted large amounts of
SO2 over 85 days, with the plume reaching Central Europe. In this study, we present the
results achieved by monitoring Tajogaite SO2 emissions from 19 September to 31 October
2021 at different acquisition times (i.e., 10:00 UTC, 12:00 UTC, 14:00 UTC, and 16:00 UTC).
An optimized configuration of the Robust Satellite Technique (RST) approach, tailored to
volcanic SO2 detection and exploiting the Spinning Enhanced Visible and InfraRed Imager
(SEVIRI) channel at an 8.7 μm wavelength, was used. The results, assessed by means of
a performance evaluation compared with masks drawn from the EUMETSAT Volcanic
Ash RGB, show that the RST product identified volcanic SO2 plumes on approximately
81% of eruption days, with a very low false-positive rate (2% and 0.3% for the mid/low
and high-confidence-level RST products, respectively), a weighted precision of ~79%,
and an F1-score of ~54%. In addition, the comparison with the Tropospheric Monitoring
Instrument (TROPOMI) S5P Product Algorithm Laboratory (S5P-PAL) L3 grid Daily SO2
CBR product shows that RST-SEVIRI detections were mostly associated with SO2 plumes
having a column density greater than 0.4 Dobson Units (DU). This study gives rise to some
interesting scenarios regarding the near-real-time monitoring of volcanic SO2 by means of
the Flexible Combined Imager (FCI) aboard the Meteosat Third-Generation (MTG) satellites,
offering improved instrumental features compared with the SEVIRI