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Assessing Flood and Landslide Susceptibility Using XGBoost: Case Study of the Basento River in Southern Italy
No full textFloods and landslides are two distinct natural phenomena influenced by different
conditioning factors, though some environmental triggers may overlap. This study applied eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) to develop susceptibility maps for both phenomena, using a unified approach based on the same geospatial predictors. The approach integrated topographical, geological, and remote sensing datasets. Flood event data were collected from institutional sources using multi-source and high-resolution remotely sensed data. The landslide inventory was compiled based on historical records and geomorphological analysis. Key conditioning factors such as elevation, slope, lithology, and land cover were analyzed to identify areas prone to floods and landslides. The methodology was applied to the Basento River basin in Southern Italy, a region frequently impacted by both hazards, to assess its vulnerability and inform risk management strategies. While flood susceptibility is primarily associated with low-lying areas near river networks, landslides are more influenced by steep slopes and geological instability. The XGBoost model achieved areas. Results showed that flood susceptibility was primarily associated with low Elevation and Relative Elevation, and high Drainage Density, whereas landslide susceptibility was more influenced by a broader and balanced set of factors, including Elevation, Drainage Density, Relative Elevation, Distance and Lithology. The resulting susceptibility maps offered critical approaches for land use planning, emergency management, and risk mitigation. Overall, the results demonstrated the effectiveness of XGBoost in multi-hazard assessments, offering a scalable and transferable approach for similar at-risk regions worldwide
La Modernità Silenziosa: Patrimonializzazione dell’Universidad Laboral di Cheste / Silent Modernity: The Heritage Recognition of the Universidad Laboral of Cheste
No full textThe Labor University of Cheste, designed by Fernando Moreno Barberá between 1965 and 1969, stands as an emblem of ‘silent modernity’: exceptional Modernist architecture largely overlooked and legally unprotected despite its cultural and technical value. Conceived as a self-contained city for over 5,000 students, it seamlessly integrates residences, classrooms, laboratories, sports facilities, dining areas, healthcare services, and a monumental Auditorium. Its design embodies Mod-
ernist and Brutalist principles, blending functional rationality, modular construction, and expressive materials while responding to the Mediterranean climate and topography. Although recognized in the Docomomo Ibérico registry, the absence of formal protection has allowed interventions – such as perimeter wall closures – that compromise its spatial and aesthetic integrity. Archival research, technical literature, and on-site analysis document the original design and sub-sequent modifications, underscoring the urgent need for conservation and sustainable reuse
2024 ESC Guidelines for the management of peripheral arterial and aortic diseases (Translation of the summary of the document prepared by the Czech Society of Angiology, 2025)
No full textIntegrated procedures for the seismic response assessment of existing masonry constructions
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Laser Nanostructuring of Titanium Surfaces for Enhanced Bioactive Applications
No full textLaser nanostructuring via Laser-Induced Periodic Surface Structures (LIPSS), generated using femtosecond laser pulses, has been investigated as a method for precisely modifying titanium surfaces. By adjusting parameters such as the fluence and pulse number of the laser beam, it is feasible to tailor the surface morphology, roughness, and oxidation states of species that can significantly influence the properties and surface bioactivity of the material. In this study, the LIPSS was applied to commercially pure titanium and evaluated for its ability to support calcium phosphate nucleation and growth in Simulated Body Fluid (SBF). Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) analysis confirmed the formation of well-defined periodic structures. Additional characterizations performed by Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) revealed, after laser treatment of titanium, its increased surface roughness and oxidation levels, respectively. These features, when assessed after immersion in SBF, were associated with an improved potential biological performance of the nanostructured surface of the investigated material. The results demonstrated that LIPSS-treated titanium effectively promoted calcium phosphate growth, indicating its enhanced potential bioactivity. Overall, LIPSS nanostructuring presents a scalable and cost-effective strategy for engineering titanium surfaces with potential bioactive properties, supporting their promising application in advanced biomedical implants
Nitti e gli interventi speciali per il Mezzogiorno del 1904. Per una comparazione tra il caso napoletano e quello lucano.
No full textL’articolo propone una lettura comparata dei due interventi straordinari per il Mezzogiorno promossi da Zanardelli e Giolitti, ovvero quello per la Basilicata (l. 140/1904) e quello per Napoli (l. 351/1904). I “laboratori speciali” che ne sarebbero seguiti avrebbero avuto in Francesco Saverio Nitti uno dei protagonisti principali: estensore di fatto del progetto industrialista per Napoli, si sarebbe espresso con toni molto critici nei confronti del tradizionale impianto di quello varato per la Basilicata, al quale ritenne fosse mancato il respiro ambiziosamente industrialista che avrebbe potuto evitare che la Provincia rimanesse inchiodata ancora una volta alle sue primitive strutture agrarie. In particolare, a partire da una lettura di contesto, sono stati messi in luce aspetti comuni e differenze tra i dispositivi normativi, toccando i temi che sarebbero stati al centro del dibattito politico dell’età liberale, come l’importanza degli studi tecnici e delle inchieste preliminari, gli aspetti istituzionali, la contrapposizione tra modello industrialista legato alla «conquista della forza» idroelettrica e quello di matrice più tradizionale, basato invece sull’agricoltura e sull’infrastrutturazione. Nel complesso, però, il contributo prova a descrivere come, all’inizio del XX secolo, una pionieristica risposta alla cosiddetta “questione meridionale” passasse, al di là degli imprevedibili
esiti, anche per il tentativo di rompere immobilismi antichi, nonché per un impegno “straordinario” che interpretasse meglio il senso di un’epoca
Environmental efficiency and carbon sequestration potential of organic vs. conventional simmental dairy farming systems in Mountain regions: a case study
No full textNumerous studies have investigated the environmental impacts of dairy cattle farming systemsusing the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methodology. However, considering additional relatedfactors can provide a broader perspective and more comprehensive contextualisation of theresults. Net food production is a crucial aspect that adds valuable insights to the discussion onsustainable farming practices. Moreover, few studies have focused on mountain dairy farmingsystems, which differ significantly in structure and management from large-scale dairy opera-tions in the lowlands. This study aims to provide a comprehensive comparison between conven-tionally and organically managed mountain dairy farms, specifically focusing on dual-purposeSimmental cattle. Six impact categories, Global Warming Potential (GWP100), MarineEutrophication Potential (ME), Terrestrial Acidification Potential (TA), Land Use (LU), and WaterUse (WU), were quantified via the LCA approach and attributed to one kilogram of EnergyCorrected Milk (ECM) and one m2 of on-farm agricultural area. To determine the individualfarm’s efficiency to provide human edible food, two additional indicators were calculated: milkyield deriving from roughage and net protein provision, based on the amount of human edibleprotein in the animal diet vs. the amount of human edible protein inside the milk. Further, car-bon sequestration by permanent grassland was calculated for each farm. Results showed lowerimpacts of the organically managed farms (ORG group) for the categories ME (0.0009 vs.0.0017 kg N eq) and WU (0.02 vs. 0.08 m3 kg ECM−1), while no significant differences could befound for GWP100 and TA, and the conventional farms (CON group) were more efficient in LU(0.97 vs. 1.54 m2a crop eq). In the case of net food production, the CON group showed an over-all higher efficiency (0.023 vs. −0.016 NP kg ECM−1), mainly due to maize silage input. No signifi-cant difference was found in the C sequestration of permanent grassland between the twogroups. This study analysed diverse mountain dairy farms using a single cattle breed, focusingon management, environmental impact, food efficiency, and carbon sequestration. Enhancingsustainability in these systems requires considering not only emissions but also their role in con-verting non-edible feed into food, maintaining low local environmental impact, preserving grass-lands, and supporting ecosystem services
