24663 research outputs found
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Advances in induced anhydrobiosis for cell and gamete storage
No full text: It will appear strange to most readers, but lyophilization of spermatozoa was described by Chris Polge's first article that demonstrated the viability of spermatozoa stored in liquid nitrogen (LN2). Since then, cryopreservation has become the only biobanking choice. The demonstration that lyophilized spermatozoa remain fertile has rekindled interest in noncryogenic biobanking. This perspective has recently been embraced by engineers, physicists, and anhydrobiotic physiologists, and their synergy has remarkably advanced the field. Progress in water subtraction procedures and dehydration medium formulated by biomimicking anhydrobiotic organisms has brought spermatozoa drying close to practical application for biodiversity preservation and human-assisted reproduction, allowing at the same time easy and safe transport of genetic resources on Earth and eventually space travel
Latest Developments of Research on the Viable Non-Culturable State of L. monocytogenes and Implications for Food Safety
No full textFeatured Application: This review article aims to collect updated knowledge on the conditions that induce the viable non-culturable (VBNC) state in the foodborne pathogen Listeria monocytogenes, obtain indications on practices that can prevent the occurrence of this form of the pathogen in food, and identify aspects that necessitate further investigation. This descriptive review summarizes the most recent findings on the induction and distribution of viable non-culturable (VBNC) Listeria monocytogenes in food production conditions and food. The aim was to obtain information on the factors that favor the transition to the VBNC state in L. monocytogenes; its resuscitation capacity; and, according to scientific articles published since 2020, how food contamination by the bacterium in a VBNC state can be prevented. The methods used for VBNC L. monocytogenes detection were also reviewed. A few studies reported the presence of VBNC L. monocytogenes in food, in which fresh produce and chicken meat were considered. Different physicochemical stresses such as exposure to disinfectants with diverse actions and essential oils, desiccation, low temperatures, absence of nutrients, high NaCl and iron concentrations, and low pH adjusted with acetic acid were reported to induce the VBNC state in L. monocytogenes. The VBNC forms of L. monocytogenes were able to regain growth and virulence. This could pose a safety risk that cannot be revealed by the standard culture-dependent methods recommended for L. monocytogenes detection. Therefore, the presence in food and food production plants of VBNC L. monocytogenes should be prevented by the appropriate use of hurdles and cleaning/disinfection procedures. The opportunity to harmonize VBNC cell detection methods for regular use in food safety evaluation also emerged
rec. a Marco Antonio Fenocchio, Studi sul diritto di abitazione in Roma antica, G. Giappichelli Editore, Torino 2024
No full textL’autore, nel dettagliato percorso narrativo, dimostra un’apprezzabile abilità nel condurre la trattazione con un solido e variegato supporto delle fonti, esaminandole e scomponendole nelle aree tematiche. Il libro è decisamente improntato a lavoro destinato a un pubblico specialistico ben addentro alle tematiche trattate e con un solido bagaglio culturale e professionale che consenta di sciogliere i nodi delle riflessioni e il ricercato periodare. Robusto l’apparato di fonti, con evidente preponderanza della dottrina della scuola romanistica tedesca del XIX secolo, sapientemente richiamata. L’argomento-cardine è efficacemente trattato e sviluppato, con ricchezza di risvolti e originalità interpretativa. La ricognizione sullo ius gratuito habitandi in domo aliena si innesta nella produzione libraria giusromanistica con un originale ruolo nella ricerca, con precisazioni, focalizzazioni e riflessioni degne di essere considerate per il valore intrinseco
MICROBIOTA-HOST EPIGENETIC AXIS IN OBSESSIVE COMPULSIVE DISORDER
No full textThe underlying molecular mechanisms of OCD remain poorly understood. Emerging evidence suggests that microbiota composition, epigenetic regulation, and their effects on the dysregulation of endogenous signaling systems play crucial roles in the development and progression of this disorder. The overarching aim of this PhD research is thus to investigate the transcriptional regulation of genes belonging to selected endogenous systems in OCD and the possible role on these effects of microbiota dysregulation and of epigenetic mechanisms
Il dottore in guerra. Violenze sessuali e saperi medico-legali nel Mezzogiorno in armi (1860-1865)
No full textL'autrice esplora come lo stupro violento, agito dalle bande armate irregolari, sia stato usato non solo come arma di umiliazione e dominazione, ma anche come un'area di negoziazione tra il sapere scientifico (la perizia medica) e le esigenze repressive del nascente Stato italiano. L'analisi si basa su casi giudiziari d'archivio che evidenziano come la legislazione ottocentesca, che richiedeva una prova concreta della violenza subita dalla vittima per non considerare l'atto consensuale, potesse essere strumentalizzata in un contesto di guerra asimmetrica per incriminare i briganti. L'articolo suggerisce che l'aggressione sessuale, generalmente ritenuta meno degna di attenzione rispetto ai reati contro la proprietà, fu trasformata in un'opportunità per criminalizzare i capibanda e rafforzare l'immagine del brigante come degenerato e stupratore
AI‐Driven Big Data Analytics for Mobile Healthcare
No full textThis special issue highlights the key insights into the emerging trends and challenges of artificial intelligence (AI) driven big data analytics in mobile healthcare. The selected twenty-six articles, which include two letters, explore innovative applications and advancements in AI-driven healthcare technologies. The contributions of selected articles are divided into four main themes: Medical technology in healthcare communication and AI-driven healthcare, Fitness and Sports in Health Technology, Mental Health based on Behavior Analysis, and Healthcare Data Privacy with Blockchain. These articles collectively advance our understanding of AI applications in healthcare and reveal significant advancements in diagnostic accuracy, patient monitoring, data security and predictive analytics. Additionally, this review discusses the research findings and implications that will lead to groundbreaking insights in real-world applications, which could provide a clear path for learning a current healthcare technology in mobile health with AI
Nutritional Quality of Plant-Based Fish and Seafood Analogs: A Study of the Italian Market
No full textRational engineering of Escherichia coli strain for stable and enhanced biosynthesis of pinene
No full textMonoterpene α-pinene exhibits significant potential as an alternative fuel, widely recognized for its affordability and eco-friendly nature. It demonstrates multiple biological activities and has a wide range of applications. However, the limited supply of pinene extracted from plants poses a challenge in meeting the needs of the aviation industry and other sectors. Considering this, the microbial cell factory is the only viable option for achieving sustainable pinene production. This study employed a rational design model to optimize the copy number and integration site for the heterogenous pinene expression pathway in Escherichia coli (E. coli). The integrated strain with the best pinene pathway PG1 was selected. Subsequently, the resulting strain, E. coli HSY009, accumulated 49.01 mg/L of pinene after 24 h fermentation in the flask culture. To further enhance production, pinene expression cassette PG1 was sequentially integrated into three non-essential regions (44th, 58th, 23rd), resulting in an improved pinene titer. Then, the fermentation process under optimized conditions enhanced the production of pinene to 436.68 mg/L in a 5 L batch fermenter with a mean productivity of 14.55 mg/L/h. To the best of our knowledge, this work represents the maximum mean pinene productivity based on the currently available literature. The findings of this work provide valuable insights for optimizing E. coli to produce other valuable terpenoids that share the same intermediates, IPP and DMAPP. Conclusively, this research validates the model’s universality and highlights its potential for application as cutting-edge biofuel precursors
First Report of Safe Italian Peanut Production Regarding Aflatoxin
No full textThe growing interest in peanut production in Italy represents a significant
opportunity from both an agronomic and economic standpoint. Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1)
contamination is a major concern with imported peanuts; developing an Italian peanut supply chain can ensure a well-managed local product, with special care for food safety.
This study aimed to provide a first overview of Italian peanut production, focusing on the Aspergillus section Flavi and AFB1 occurrence in the raw product. During 2022 and 2023, 18 peanut fields were sampled at complete maturity across the Italian production areas, considering three varieties: Lotos, SIS-AR_01, and IPG914. The results showed the occurrence of Aspergillus sec. Flavi in peanut pods, even though AFB1 was always absent
or in traces, well below the European legal limits. These findings confirmed the quality of Italian peanut production, even though further research is requested to confirm the positive results of this first report