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Estrategias para favorecer el contenido de calcio en melocotones y nectarinas
No full textEl melocotonero, junto con la nectarino, es un cultivo de considerable valor tanto social como económico en la provincia de Lleida, así como en otras áreas del Valle del Ebro y de Europa. Al igual que otros cultivos, el melocotonero requiere al menos 16 elementos esenciales para garantizar un crecimiento y productividad óptimos. Dentro de estos elementos esenciales cabe destacar el nitrógeno (N) como un elemento crítico en el desarrollo vegetal y el calcio (Ca) por su relación con la calidad y conservación de la fruta. El transporte interno de Ca se realiza principalmente por el xilema de forma pasiva y, por ello, está relacionado directamente con el movimiento del agua en la planta. Las aplicaciones foliares de Ca son una práctica minoritaria pero creciente en el cultivo de melocotón que garantizan la absorción directa del Ca por los frutos. El objetivo de nuestro ensayo fue evaluar estrategias de aplicaciones foliares de Ca y de reducción de la transpiración de las hojas para incrementar el contenido de Ca en los frutos y ver su efecto sobre el contenido de materia seca y la pérdida de peso durante la frigoconservación.El proyecto 44CaPeach (PID2019-111583RR-100) está financiado por MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033/ y por FEDER Una manera de hacer Europa. Queremos también agradecer el Fondo Social Europeo “FSE invierte en tu futuro” por la ayuda para contratos predoctorales PRE2020-095467(Carrasco-Cuello,E)info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Com llegir les etiquetes de l’oli d’oliva verge extra
Get PDFUs expliquem què cal mirar primer per trobar l’oli que volem comprarinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Use of supercritical CO2 to improve the quality of lupin protein isolate
No full textLupins are an excellent source of protein which can be used to obtain protein isolates with potential use in the food industry. Some studies use supercritical CO2 (SC-CO2) to defat legume flours, but no study analyzes the effect of applying this technology directly to the protein isolate. This article has proposed the use of SC-CO2 to improve lupin protein isolate (LPI) quality. SC-CO2 increased the LPI purity while reducing oil and other antitechnological factors (saponins and polyphenols). The treatment significantly improved the LPI color due to the elimination of the lipid fraction and lipophilic pigments (carotenoids). No changes in amino acid contents or chemical score were observed due to the SC-CO2. Finally, the treatment improved or did not affect the main LPI technofunctional properties. Therefore, SC-CO2 is a promising technique to enhance the quality of protein isolates, without affecting or improving their functional properties.This work was supported by the project OPFLuPAn from the Spanish “Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación” and the “Agencia Estatal de Investigación”. Grant PID2020-114422RR-C54 funded by MCIN/AEI/ 10.13039/501100011033.info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersio
Pork quality and histological properties of longissimus muscle from boars and early and late immunocastrated pigs
Get PDFImmunocastration has been introduced in pig production to reduce boar taint. However, there is not much information
on how different schedule of immunocastration affects meat quality, especially muscle histological
properties. In this study, carcass and meat quality characteristics, histological properties of the longissimus dorsi
muscle, sensory characteristics and fatty acid composition of meat and fat from entire males (EM), late immunocastrated
(LIC, first dose 8 weeks before slaughter, second dose 4 weeks before slaughter) and early immunocastrated
pigs (EIC, first dose 13 weeks before slaughter, second dose 8 weeks before slaughter) were
compared. Fat thickness was greater in EIC than in LIC and EM. Meat quality parameters differed mainly between
EIC and EM, as EIC had a higher pH 45, lower electrical conductivity, lighter and more yellowish loins and lower
drip loss than EM. EM had a higher protein and moisture content and a lower fat content than EIC and LIC. No
major effect on histological properties was observed, however, the percentage of fast-twitch oxidative fibres
tended to be lower in both LIC and EIC animals compared to EM. Pork from EM had higher boar taint and lower
pork odour and flavour scores and higher pig and boar taint flavour scores. The results of this study show that the
immunocastration schedule influences some carcass, meat and fat quality traits and, because of that, it can be
modified to obtain the desired final product.This work is part of a project that has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 101004770. IRTA as host organization is acknowledged. This paper has emerged as a result of research conducted within the framework of the “Agreement on the Implementation and Financing of Scientific Research in 2024 between the Ministry of Science, Technological Development, and Innovation of the Republic of Serbia and the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade”, contract registration number 451-03-65/2024-03/200116. This work was partly supported by CERCA from Generalitat de Catalunya and Consolidated Research Groups (2021 SGR 00461 and 00468).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Calibration of visible and near-infrared spectral imaging technology to predict the quality evolution of retail fresh pork bellies with different fat content
Get PDFThis study investigates quality changes occurred in sliced pork belly with different fat content during refrigerated storage, and the potential of spectral imaging technology in predicting quality properties. Pork bellies with different fat levels (low ’LF’, medium ’MF’ and high ’HF’) were selected from slaughtering houses and directly transferred to the laboratory. The sliced bellies were packed in modified atmosphere packages with high oxygen levels (80 %) and the essential visual and olfactory characteristics, microbiological load, pH, lipid oxidation and colour values were assessed throughout 20 days of refrigerated storage. The spectral images of all belly samples were acquired in the wavelength range from 386 to 1015 nm. Results revealed significant quality losses throughout storage attributed primarily to lipid oxidation and colour changes. The HF bellies showed lower L* and higher a* values than LF and MF. Additionally, the LF and MF bellies, with higher proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acids, showed higher lipid oxidation compared to the HF bellies throughout storage. The appropriate combination of spectral preprocessing, together with the appropriate selection of the region of interest, facilitated the development of robust models to predict the visual appearance, odour, lipid oxidation, and a* values of belly slices during refrigerated storage. The obtained results demonstrated the potential of spectral imaging for predicting quality characteristics of sliced fresh pork bellies during refrigerated storage.This work has been partly funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (RTI2018–096993-B-I00) and the Consolidated Research Group (2021 SGR 00461) from Generalitat de Catalunya and by CERCA Programme. Michela Albano received funding from the Spanish National Institute of Agricultural Research (INIA) (PRE2019–089669).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Tissue distribution and transmission of Rift Valley fever phlebovirus in European Culex pipiens and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes following intrathoracic inoculation
Get PDFRift Valley fever virus (Phlebovirus riftense, RVFV) poses significant economic challenges, particularly in African nations, causing substantial livestock losses and severe haemorrhagic disease in humans. In Europe, the risk of RVFV transmission is deemed moderate due to the presence of competent vectors like Culex pipiens and Aedes albopictus, along with susceptible animal vertebrate hosts across member states. This study investigates RVFV infection dynamics in European mosquito populations, aiming to enhance our understanding of their vectorial capacity and virus transmission, which can be useful for future investigations to improve RVFV surveillance, control programmes, and preventive treatments. Intrathoracic inoculation of European Cx. pipiens and Ae. albopictus with an RVFV virulent strain (RVF 56/74) enabled the assessment of virus tissue distribution and transmission. Immunohistochemistry analyses revealed widespread RVFV infection in all analysable anatomical structures at 5 and 14 days post-inoculation. Notably, the ganglionic nervous system exhibited the highest detection of RVFV in both species. Cx. pipiens showed more frequently infected structures than Ae. albopictus, particularly in reproductive structures. The identification of an RVFV-positive egg follicle in Cx. pipiens hints at potential vertical transmission. Saliva analysis indicated a higher transmission potential in Cx. pipiens (71.4%) compared to Ae. albopictus (4.3%) at the early time point. This study offers the first description and comparison of RVFV tissue distribution in Ae. albopictus and Cx. pipiens, shedding light on the susceptibility of their nervous systems, which may alter mosquito behaviour, which is critical for virus transmission. Overall, enhancing our knowledge of viral infection within mosquitoes holds promise for future vector biology research and innovative approaches to mitigate RVFV transmission.This research was funded by the European Commission, Horizon 2020 Infrastructures #731060 Infravec2 project. IRTA is supported by the CERCA Programme/Generalitat de Catalunya.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Papel de los portainjertos tradicionales en un contexto de cambio climático. Evaluación de su comportamiento a través del reanálisis de estudios previos
Get PDFLa elección del portainjerto es un aspecto fundamental de la planificación de un viñedo. A pesar de que existe bastante investigación sobre el impacto de cada portainjerto sobre el comportamiento agronómico de las variedades viníferas, no es sencillo disponer de una visión de conjunto, ya que los resultados están dispersos en muchas publicaciones distintas. En este trabajo recopilamos buena parte de la investigación realizada hasta la fecha en España y la estudiamos mediante un metanálisis. Integrando datos de 20 artículos con experimentación en 36 variedades y 47 portainjertos (764 registros), se observó que, en general, los efectos de los portainjertos sobre la variedad dependían más del portainjerto específico que del cruce de Vitis sp. utilizado para su obtención. Algunos portainjertos, como 161–49 C, 41–B MGt y 420A MGt, resultaron eficaces para moderar la acumulación de azúcar y el pH, adaptándose mejor a las futuras condiciones de cambio climático, mientras que 140 Ru y 5–BB mostraron peor adaptación al cambio climático por propiciar niveles de pH y azúcar altos a pesar de favorecer rendimientos elevados.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Unraveling Calcium Absorption and Distribution in Peach and Nectarine during Fruit Development through 44Ca Isotope Labeling
Get PDFCalcium foliar applications are known to effectively enhance peach quality; however, the
optimal implementation strategy regarding fruit developmental stages and cultivars remains unclear.
In this study, three different moments of fruit Ca applications in peach and nectarine are tested: Early
season, Mid-season, and Late season. For this aim, the 44Ca isotope was used as a tracer, enabling
the quantification and location of the Ca derived from the foliar fertilizer. Stone, flesh, and skin
44Ca enrichment was separately analyzed at harvest. The results indicate that Ca absorption in the
fruits from external CaCl2 applications was influenced by the timing of the application during fruit
development, with Late-season applications proving to be the most effective in increasing the Ca
content in the fruit, corresponding with a higher fruit size at the application moment. Nevertheless,
no differences in the absorption efficiency were found between the three timings of the application.
Furthermore, the Ca from the foliar fertilizer in the fruit predominately remained in the flesh, followed
by the skin. The Ca derived from the foliar fertilizer reached the stone in all of the experimental
situations, but the Early- and Mid-season applications resulted in the highest amount of Ca derived
from the fertilizer in this part of the fruit. Interestingly, the peach exhibited a higher Ca absorption
efficiency compared to the nectarine, likely due to the presence of trichomes that retain the foliar
fertilizer on the fruit surface. In conclusion, the Ca absorption and distribution in peaches depends
on the cultivar and timing of the Ca application.Research sponsored by the 44CaPeach (PID2019-111583RR-I00) Project (“Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación”) and the IRTA. The authors would also like to thank the European Social Fund (ESF) “ESF invest in your future” for the Ph.D. grant, PRE2020-095467 (Carrasco-Cuello, F).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Guia per escollir les millors estratègies de reducció del contingut de fòsfor i potassi en els sòls agrícoles
No full textActivitat demostrativa “P-K OPTIM: MÈTODES EFICIENTS I SOSTENIBLES PER REDUIR EL CONTINGUT EN FÒSFOR I POTASSI DEL SÒL EN SITUACIONS EXCEDENTÀRIES”. Activitat demostrativa finançada a través de l’operació 01.02.01 de Transferència Tecnològica del Programa de Desenvolupament Rural de Catalunya 2014-2020.Aquesta activitat és la continuació de dos Grups Operatius iniciats el 2020 i finalitzats el 2022. Grup Operatiu “AGRICULTURA DE PRECISIÓ PER LA MILLORA DE LA PRODUCCIÓ I QUALITAT DEL CEREAL D'HIVERN I LA SEVA SOSTENIBILITAT”. Grup Operatiu “FERTICOOP: INNOVACIONS PER ADAPTAR-SE A LES MILLORS TÈCNIQUES DISPONIBLES (MTD’S) EN EL SECTOR AGRARI COOPERATIU CATALÀ”. Totes dues activitats finançades a través de l’operació 16.01.01 (Cooperació per a la innovació) a través del Programa de desenvolupament rural de Catalunya 2014-2020.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
BDporc y los Premios Porc d’Or, testigos de 30 años de evolución del sector
No full textEl Banco de Datos del Porcino (BDporc), (www.bdporc.irta.es), nació en los años 90 partiendo del entonces sistema de gestión porcino GTEP-IRTA® y gracias a un acuerdo entre el Ministerio de Agricultura, Pesca y Alimentación, la Asociación Nacional de Productores de Ganado Porcino y el IRTA. En este artículo se muestra la evolución de esta herramienta tecnológica.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio