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Disease Prevention in Pre-School Children
Get PDFOne of the most important tasks of health care systems all over the world is to keep watch over health of the youngest population groups. Preventing various diseases by taking preventive measures in this population group saved millions of lives in the past. The paper presents the rough overview of the concept of disease prevention in preschool- and school-age children. The organisational scheme in Slovenia is used as an example. The consultation rooms in Slovenia are intended for healthy babies and children. They are not intended only for child’s care, but also for giving practical advice to children’s parents. Consultations are not limited only on child’s care. Parents are also advised about various determinants of children’s health e.g. appropriate diet as well. All the childrens frequent diseases are fought against according to the common doctrine as well. Several preventive systematic health examination and preventive measures are performed
Healthy Nutrition
Get PDFMany costly and disabling conditions - cardiovascular diseases, cancer, diabetes and chronic respiratory diseases - are linked by common preventable risk factors. Tobacco use, prolonged, unhealthy nutrition, physical inactivity, and excessive alcohol use are major causes and risk factors for these conditions. The ongoing nutritional transition expressed through increased consumption of high fat and high salt food products will contribute to the rising burden of heart disease, stroke, obesity and diabetes. Changes in activity patterns as a consequence of the rise of motorised transport, sedentary leisure time activities such as television watching will lead to physical inactivity in all but the poorest populations. Many diseases can be prevented, yet health care systems do not make the best use of their available resources to support this process. All too often, health care workers fail to seize patient interactions as opportunities to inform patients about health promotion and disease prevention strategies. Nutrition is an input to and foundation for health and development. Interaction of infection and malnutrition is well-documented. Better nutrition means stronger immune systems, less illness and better health. Healthy children learn better. Healthy people are stronger, are more productive and more able to create opportunities to gradually break the cycles of both poverty and hunger in a sustainable way. Better nutrition is a prime entry point to ending poverty and a milestone to achieving better quality of life
Psychological Foundations of Health Sciences
Get PDFRecent developments in theories and models in the field of health psychology are discussed in this module. The application of the basic psychological concepts to health, illness, and health care is analyzed. The issues addressed concern the psychological factors in the development of illness, stress and coping, interventions to improve coping with stressful events, and models to promote communication skills in health care delivery
Public Health Aspects of Trafficking in Human Beings – Health Promotion and Prevention Tasks and Possibilities
Get PDFIn the last decades trafficking in human being has become one of the most lucrative criminal enterprises all over the world, with strong links to other illegal activities, such as money laundering, drug trafficking, document forgery, and smuggling. The US Justice Department estimated that annually some 700,000 women and children are bought, sold, transported and held in slavery-like conditions for sexual and labour exploitation. IOM estimates that around 120,000 women and children are being trafficked into the European Union each year, primarily through the Balkans, and 10,000 women, mostly from Moldova, Romania and Ukraine, are working only in the sex trade industry in Bosnia-Herzegovina. However, trafficking is not only a criminal act against human rights and dignity, but an ever increasing public health issue as it is stated in the Budapest Declaration adopted by the participants of the ministerial level Regional Conference on Public Health & Trafficking in Human Beings in Central, Eastern and Southeast Europe, held on 19-21 March 2003, in Budapest. Providing appropriate health promotion and care services for trafficked persons is not only a humanitarian obligation, but also a public health concern for countries of origin, transit and destination alike. (Eg.: Medical records from Moldavia show that some 88 per cent of the ex-victims return to their homeland with sexually transmitted infections (STI), and about the same number (84 per cent) exhibit chronic anxiety disorders with the mix of depression and post-traumatic stress syndrome (PTSD). The module provides a framework not only for the assessment and treatment of specific health and mental health needs of the ex-victims of trafficking, but takes a large-scale public health perspective of a community approach to prevention and health promotion of most vulnerable social groups to this kind of abuse and violence
Quit and Win Campaign
No full textQuit and Win is a smoking cessation campaign/competition for adults. It has proved to be a cost-effective way to help a wide group of people to stop smoking. It was developed in the 1980s by the Minnesota Heart Health Program and has been widely used since then as a populationbased smoking cessation intervention. The idea of the contest is to abstain from smoking for four week period in May. At the end of this period, there is a draw for prizes among the contestants in participating countries. Abstinence is verified by a witness and by a biochemical test. One year after, there is a follow-up survey of contest participants in order to assess abstinence rates and evaluate the effectiveness of the campaign
Reorientation of Health Services
Get PDFHealth promotion is from one point of vision defined in terms of the several action areas among others comprising re-orientation of health services toward health promotion. According to this concept, health services were encouraged to move increasingly from predominantly curative approach to more preventive approach. The idea of comprehensive primary health care was launched. The paper is presenting problems related to application of comprehensive primary health care in practice in the period after adoption of Alma Ata Declaration. The case of Slovenia health care system and characteristics of its transition is presented as an example. Presented are current situation as well as broader context and possible solution in the future
Maria Theresia und ihre Brüder : „Weiblichkeit“ und „Männlichkeit“ bei Ranke, Droysen und Treitschke
Get PDF'Der und der hat mir neulich das und das erzählt': On the Interpretation of DPs with Article Conjunction
Get PDFIn this paper, we investigate DPs with article-conjunction heads in German (AC-DPs). We argue that they are non-referential expressions, which impose certain constraints on the discourse model in which they can felicitously be used. We suggest that AC-DPs presuppose the existence of a previous conversation between the speaker and someone other than the hearer, and that a definite or a name was used in this conversation to refer to the referent of the AC-DP. We also illustrate how the use of AC-DPs can be explained by way of general pragmatic principles like 'Maximise Presupposition'
Ist Kasuswegfall wirklich syntaktisch motiviert?
Get PDFGegenstand dieser Arbeit ist die Fragestellung, welche Motivation dem Kasuswegfall bei schwachen Maskulina zu Grunde liegt. Gallmann (1996) sieht für den Kasuswegfall zweierlei Gründe: Einerseits wird das Ausbleiben von Kasusendungen am Substantiv durch einen Wechsel vom schwachen zum starken Flexionsparadigma begründet. Andererseits folgt die Distribution der Kasusmarkierung einem syntaktischen Prinzip: 'Keine Nominalflexion ohne Adjektivflexion'. Substantive weisen nach Gallmann (1996) also nur dann ein Kasussuffix auf, wenn ihnen ein adjektivischer Begleiter vorangeht. Im realen Sprachgebrauch lassen sich jedoch schnell Gegenevidenzen zu dieser Annahme finden. Es zeigt sich, dass Substantive auch kasusmarkiert sein können, wenn ihnen kein adjektivischer Begleiter vorausgeht bzw. sie nicht zwangsläufig ein Kasussuffix tragen, wenn ihnen ein Begleiter voransteht. Gallmanns Analyse erweist sich dann als problematisch, wenn ein Kasussuffix am Substantiv zwar vorkommt, ein adjektivischer Begleiter vor dem Substantiv jedoch fehlt. Im Folgenden wird von daher gezeigt, dass das Fehlen von Kasusmarkierungen am schwachen Substantiv kein syntaktisches, sondern ein rein morphologisch-lexikalisch motiviertes Phänomen ist