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Slutredovisning för projektet: UoP - Uppföljning och prediktion
No full textProjektet UoP fokuserar på den potentiella nyttan av att bearbeta tillgänglig data om planerad och utförd tågtrafik (och banunderhåll) för att förbättra det informations- och beslutsunderlag som används i tågplaneprocessen, den operativa driften och i uppföljningen. Projektet består av två delprojekt: ”Kapacitetsutnyttjande av järnvägsnätet” (KAJ) samt ”Statistisk modellering av tågrörelser och tåginteraktioner” (SMATT).Uppföljning och prediktion (UoP
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Bench-scale co-processing. Technical progress report No. 23, January 1, 1994--March 31, 1994
No full textUOP`s second co-processing contract, DE-AC22-87PC79818, began in April 1988. The major objective of this contract is to establish a database for the optimization of the co-processing concept by improving the effectiveness of the co-processing catalyst system. Two major mechanisms for improving the catalyst system are to be investigated: employment of more effective catalysts and utilization of improved catalytic environments. These two mechanisms are defined in the contract Statement of Work. Work on Task 2.0, Laboratory Support, and Task 4.0, process Assessment, was carried out. A design basis for the process assessment task was established and cost estimation of the UOP co-processing scheme was initiated
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Bench-scale co-processing economic assessment. Final report
Get PDFThe UOP Co-Processing scheme is a single-stage slurry catalyzed process in which petroleum vacuum resid and coal are simultaneously upgraded to a high-quality synthetic oil. A highly active dispersed catalyst has been developed which enables the operation of the co-processing unit at relatively moderate and high temperatures and relatively high pressure. Under the current contract, a multi-year research program was undertaken to study the technical and economic feasibility of this technology. All the contractual tasks were completed. Autoclave experiments were carried out to evaluate dispersed vanadium catalysts, molybdenum catalysts, and a less costly UOP-proprietary catalyst preparation technique. Autoclave experiments were also carried out in support of the continuous pilot plant unit operation and to study the effects of the process variables (pressure, temperature, and metal loading on the catalyst). A total of 24 continuous pilot plant runs were made. Research and development efforts during the pilot plant operations were concentrated on addressing the cost effectiveness of the UOP single-stage slurry catalyzed co-processing concept based on UOP experience gained in the previous DOE contract. To this end, effect of catalyst metal concentration was studied and a highly-active Mo-based catalyst was developed. This catalyst enabled successful long-term operation (924 hours) of the continuous bench-scale plant at highly severe operating conditions of 3,000 psig, 465{degree}C temperature, and 2:1 resid-to-MAF (moisture- and ash-free) coal ratio with 0.1 wt % active metal. The metal loading of the catalyst was low enough to consider the catalyst as a disposable slurry catalyst. Also, liquid recycle was incorporated in the pilot plant design to increase the, reactor back mixing and to increase the flow of liquid through the reactor (to introduce turbulence in the reactor) and to represent the design of a commercial-scale reactor
Slutredovisning för projektet: UoP - Uppföljning och prediktion
No full textProjektet UoP fokuserar på den potentiella nyttan av att bearbeta tillgänglig data om planerad och utförd tågtrafik (och banunderhåll) för att förbättra det informations- och beslutsunderlag som används i tågplaneprocessen, den operativa driften och i uppföljningen. Projektet består av två delprojekt: ”Kapacitetsutnyttjande av järnvägsnätet” (KAJ) samt ”Statistisk modellering av tågrörelser och tåginteraktioner” (SMATT).Uppföljning och prediktion (UoP
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Bench-Scale Co-Processing
No full textThis topical report is the first for the UOP Bench-Scale Co-processing contract. The objective of this contract is to extend and optimize the UOP single-stage, slurry-catalyzed co-processing scheme. UOP co-processing uses a single-stage, slurry-catalyzed scheme in which petroleum vacuum resid and coal are simultaneously upgraded to a high-quality synthetic oil. A highly active, well-dispersed catalyst permits operations at moderate- and high-severity reaction conditions with minimum detrimental thermal reactions. In this process, finely ground coal, petroleum resid, and catalyst are mixed, combined with hydrogen, and then directed to a single-stage reactor, where the simultaneous upgrading of the petroleum resid and coal occurs. The reactor effluent is directed to a series of separators, where a hydrogen-rich gas is recovered and recycled back to the reactor inlet. The balance of the material is sent to a series of separators, where the light gasses, light oil, vacuum gas on (VGO), catalyst, unconverted coal, ash, and residues are recovered. The catalyst is recycled back to the reactor. The UOP co-processing scheme is designed to be integrated into a conventional petroleum refinery. the hydrocarbon products from the co-processing unit will be sent to the refinery for final upgrading to finished products. A major focus of this contract is to investigate ways to reduce the catalyst and catalyst recovery costs and improve the overall economics of the process. This report documents the work completed under Task 2.0, Laboratory Support. The overall objective of Task 2.0 was to obtain and characterize the feedstocks for the contract and to provide a screening mechanism to test new catalyst systems prior to testing in the continuous pilot plant. The main elements of the experimental program for task 2.0 include: Feedstock procurement and analysis; catalyst improvements; and catalyst recycle screening
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Proof-of-concept testing of fluidized-bed copper oxide process. Phase 4, Conceptual design and economic evaluation: Technical progress report No. 4-2, October 1991--March 1992
No full textThe objective of Phase IV of the contract is to design a conceptual flue gas treating unit based on the fluidized-bed copper oxide (FBCO) process for a new coal-fired 500 MW(e) power plant. A technical and economic evaluation of the FBCO process that is based on the conceptual design will also be completed. The scope of the work during this reporting period was limited to Task 4.0, Proposal review and negotiations, and Task 4.1, Definition of design basis. In the revised Statement of Work (SO/At) for Phase IV, a cold-circulation dense-phase testing of the sorbent material is proposed. Presently, UOP does not manufacture the sorbents, SOX-3 and SOX-4, that were used in the life-cycle testing of the fluidized-bed copper oxide unit at PETC. So as an alternative to the sorbent, UOP proposed that the alumina support be used In the cold-circulation tests. Under Task 4.1, the feasibility of using the support material was evaluated in a series of attrition tests conducted on the SOX-3 sorbent and the alumina support. The testing took place during this reporting period. The objective of these tests was to examine the relative strength of the two materials
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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Bench-scale co-processing. Technical progress reports No. 17--20, July 1, 1992--June 30, 1993
No full textUOP`s second co-processing contract, DE-AC22-87PC79818, began in April 1988. The major objective of this contract is to establish a database for the optimization of the co-processing concept by improving the effectiveness of the co-processing catalyst system. Two major mechanisms for improving the catalyst system are to be investigated: employment of more effective catalysts and utilization of improved catalytic environments. These two mechanisms are defined in the contract Statement of Work under Task 3.2 as Subtask 3.2.1 and 3.2.2, respectively. This report covers a span of four quarters, starting from July 1, 1992 to June 30, 1993. During this period the project was in a hold. As explained below, a request was made to add more funds to the contract to investigate catalytic environment improvements. Most of the time during this four quarters was spent in preparation of the proposal, review of the proposal by PETC, and getting additional funding approved for the contract. No experimental work was carried out on any of the tasks of the contract during these four quarters. Prior to the period covered by this report, UOP had successfully completed Subtask 3.2.1 and identified a molybdenum-based catalyst that is highly active and effective in achieving improved co-processing performance at significantly lower metal concentrations (0.05 % -- 0.1 % by weight of Mo) in the catalyst. The new catalyst was developed in slurry autoclave tests demonstrated in the continuous bench-scale pilot plant
Weinberger V. UOP
No full textThis article examines the dissent of Justice Duffy in the now withdrawn Delaware Supreme Court opinion of Weinberger v. UOP, Inc. which affirmed the lower-court decision and ruled that a cash-out merger whereby a parent company bought out the minority shareholders of a subsidiary was permissible. The court concluded that the price was fair, there was a proper purpose for the transaction, and that the investment banking firm that was paid by the parent company had no fiduciary duty to the minority and, absent a showing of a conspiracy, was not liable for damages
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