4,246 research outputs found
Immortality of ego according to Mohammad İqbal
No full textÇalışmamızın konusu, Muhammed İkbal'in insanın ölümsüzlüğü konusundaki düşüncelerini, onun Benlik felsefesi doğrultusunda araştırmaktır. Böylece ölümsüzlük hakkında Muhammed İkbal'in, klasik ölümsüzlük görüşlerine alternatif olabilecek yeni ve farklı bir ölümsüzlük teorisi geliştirip geliştirmediğini belirlemeye çalıştık. Çalışmamızı giriş, üç bölüm ve sonuç olarak düzenledik. Giriş bölümünde, Felsefe Tarihi'nde Platon'dan başlayarak etimolojik ve felsefi açıdan ölüme hangi anlamların verildiğini, genel hatlarıyla belirlemeye çalıştık. Birinci bölümde, ölümsüzlük düşüncesinin temel nedenlerini ve ölümsüzlük hakkında ileri sürülen görüşleri açıkladık. İkinci bölümde, Muhammed İkbal'in hayatını ve felsefesini kısaca aktardıktan sonra, insanın/benliğin gerçekliğini, niteliklerini ve tabiatını, İkbal'in ölümsüzlük düşüncesini merkeze alarak açıkladık. Son olarak, benliğin ölümsüzlük arzusunun temeli ve bu arzunun gerçekleşme sürecinin zorunlu realitesi olan benliğin evrimleşme sürecini, Muhammed İkbal'in görüşleri doğrultusunda açıkladık. Üçüncü bölümde, zaman ve aşk karşısında benliğin ölümsüzlük imkânını ve sonlu benlik olarak insanın, Tanrı'ya dolayısıyla miraca ve böylece ölümsüzlüğe yükselişinin nasıl gerçekleşeceğinin üzerinde durduk. Benliğin bu yükselişi ya da evrimi gerçekleştirerek ölümsüzlüğü başarması için amel mefhumunu hayatının vazgeçilmez unsuru olarak fiziksel ölüm durumuna kadar aktif tutması gerektiği üzerinde durduk. Daha sonra ise kaynağı Nihai Benlik ya da Mutlak Ego/Tanrı olmak üzere, Muhammed İkbal'e göre benliğin ölümsüzlüğünün sırlarının; güzellik, arzu, aşk, kudret, hedefler doğrultusunda benliğin diriliş mücadelesi olduğunu ve bu mücadeleyi benliğin nasıl kazanacağını açıkladık. Son olarak Muhammed İkbal'de hayatın ve ölümün, anlamının ve değerinin, benliğin ölümsüzlük mücadelesiyle ve dirilişle ortaya çıkacağını açıkladık. Sonuç bölümünde, Muhammed İkbal'de Benliğin Ölümsüzlüğü düşüncesinin, klasik ölümsüzlük görüşlerine alternatif, farklı ve felsefi tutarlılık içeren yeni bir ölümsüzlük teorisi olduğu sonucuna ulaştığımızı açıkladık.The subject of our study is to analyse the thoughts of Mohammad Iqbal about the immortality of the mankind through his philosophy of Ego. Thus, we tried to determine if Mohammad Iqbal managed to develop a new and different theory of immortality that can be an alternative for the classical aspects of immortality or not. We arranged our study as introduction, three chapters and conclusion. On the introduction part, we tried to determine in general terms which meanings were given to death on the etymological and philosophical aspects starting with Plato in the history of Philosophy. On the first part, we explained the main reasons of the thought of immortality and the aspects that had been asserted about immortaliy. On the second part, after briefly conveying Mohammad Iqbal's life and philosophy, we explained the reality, the qualities and the nature of human or ego by centering the immortality thought of Mohammad Iqbal. Finally, we explained the basis of ego's desire for immortality and the evolution process of the ego which is the necessary reality of the realization process of this desire according to the views of Mohammad Iqbal. On the third part we talked about the possibility of immortality of the human ego in the face of time and love and how the rising to Got, consequently the ascension and thus the immortality of the human will take place as the finite ego. We emphasized that the ego must keep the concept of deed active as the indispensable element of its life until the state of physical death in order to accomplish immortality by realizing this ascension or evolution. Then, we explained that the secrets of the human ego is the struggle of exsistance in the direction of beauty, desire, love, might, goals whose source is Ultimate Self or Absolute Ego/Got and how the human ego can win this struggle accordind to Mohammad Iqbal. Finally we explained that the meaning and the value of life and death will occur by the struggle of the human ego for immortality or resurrection with Mohammad Iqbal. On the conclusion part, we explained that we reached the conclusion of that Mohammad Iqbal's thought of the immortality of the human ego is a new immortality theory which is an alternative for the classical aspects of immortality, different and containing philosophical consistency
SuppTables_and_Figures - Potential Marker Pathways in the Endometrium That May Cause Recurrent Implantation Failure
No full textSuppTables_and_Figures for Potential Marker Pathways in the Endometrium That May Cause Recurrent Implantation Failure by Ercan Bastu, Irem Demiral, Tuba Gunel, Ege Ulgen, Ece Gumusoglu, Mohammad Kazem Hosseini, Ugur Sezerman, Faruk Buyru, and John Yeh in Reproductive Sciences</p
Mathematics, Logic, and their Philosophies:Essays in Honour of Mohammad Ardeshir
No full textThis volume is a collection of essays in honour of Professor Mohammad Ardeshir. It examines topics which, in one way or another, are connected to the various aspects of his multidisciplinary research interests. Based on this criterion, the book is divided into three general categories. The first category includes papers on non-classical logics, including intuitionistic logic, constructive logic, basic logic, and substructural logic. The second category is made up of papers discussing issues in the contemporary philosophy of mathematics and logic. The third category contains papers on Avicenna’s logic and philosophy.Mohammad Ardeshir is a full professor of mathematical logic at the Department of Mathematical Sciences, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran, where he has taught generations of students for around a quarter century. Mohammad Ardeshir is known in the first place for his prominent works in basic logic and constructive mathematics. His areas of interest are however much broader and include topics in intuitionistic philosophy of mathematics and Arabic philosophy of logic and mathematics. In addition to numerous research articles in leading international journals, Ardeshir is the author of a highly praised Persian textbook in mathematical logic. Partly through his writings and translations, the school of mathematical intuitionism was introduced to the Iranian academic community
Mathematics, Logic, and their Philosophies:Essays in Honour of Mohammad Ardeshir
No full textThis volume is a collection of essays in honour of Professor Mohammad Ardeshir. It examines topics which, in one way or another, are connected to the various aspects of his multidisciplinary research interests. Based on this criterion, the book is divided into three general categories. The first category includes papers on non-classical logics, including intuitionistic logic, constructive logic, basic logic, and substructural logic. The second category is made up of papers discussing issues in the contemporary philosophy of mathematics and logic. The third category contains papers on Avicenna’s logic and philosophy.Mohammad Ardeshir is a full professor of mathematical logic at the Department of Mathematical Sciences, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran, where he has taught generations of students for around a quarter century. Mohammad Ardeshir is known in the first place for his prominent works in basic logic and constructive mathematics. His areas of interest are however much broader and include topics in intuitionistic philosophy of mathematics and Arabic philosophy of logic and mathematics. In addition to numerous research articles in leading international journals, Ardeshir is the author of a highly praised Persian textbook in mathematical logic. Partly through his writings and translations, the school of mathematical intuitionism was introduced to the Iranian academic community
Mathematics, Logic, and their Philosophies:Essays in Honour of Mohammad Ardeshir
No full textThis volume is a collection of essays in honour of Professor Mohammad Ardeshir. It examines topics which, in one way or another, are connected to the various aspects of his multidisciplinary research interests. Based on this criterion, the book is divided into three general categories. The first category includes papers on non-classical logics, including intuitionistic logic, constructive logic, basic logic, and substructural logic. The second category is made up of papers discussing issues in the contemporary philosophy of mathematics and logic. The third category contains papers on Avicenna’s logic and philosophy.Mohammad Ardeshir is a full professor of mathematical logic at the Department of Mathematical Sciences, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran, where he has taught generations of students for around a quarter century. Mohammad Ardeshir is known in the first place for his prominent works in basic logic and constructive mathematics. His areas of interest are however much broader and include topics in intuitionistic philosophy of mathematics and Arabic philosophy of logic and mathematics. In addition to numerous research articles in leading international journals, Ardeshir is the author of a highly praised Persian textbook in mathematical logic. Partly through his writings and translations, the school of mathematical intuitionism was introduced to the Iranian academic community
Mathematics, Logic, and their Philosophies:Essays in Honour of Mohammad Ardeshir
No full textThis volume is a collection of essays in honour of Professor Mohammad Ardeshir. It examines topics which, in one way or another, are connected to the various aspects of his multidisciplinary research interests. Based on this criterion, the book is divided into three general categories. The first category includes papers on non-classical logics, including intuitionistic logic, constructive logic, basic logic, and substructural logic. The second category is made up of papers discussing issues in the contemporary philosophy of mathematics and logic. The third category contains papers on Avicenna’s logic and philosophy.Mohammad Ardeshir is a full professor of mathematical logic at the Department of Mathematical Sciences, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran, where he has taught generations of students for around a quarter century. Mohammad Ardeshir is known in the first place for his prominent works in basic logic and constructive mathematics. His areas of interest are however much broader and include topics in intuitionistic philosophy of mathematics and Arabic philosophy of logic and mathematics. In addition to numerous research articles in leading international journals, Ardeshir is the author of a highly praised Persian textbook in mathematical logic. Partly through his writings and translations, the school of mathematical intuitionism was introduced to the Iranian academic community
Mathematics, Logic, and their Philosophies:Essays in Honour of Mohammad Ardeshir
No full textThis volume is a collection of essays in honour of Professor Mohammad Ardeshir. It examines topics which, in one way or another, are connected to the various aspects of his multidisciplinary research interests. Based on this criterion, the book is divided into three general categories. The first category includes papers on non-classical logics, including intuitionistic logic, constructive logic, basic logic, and substructural logic. The second category is made up of papers discussing issues in the contemporary philosophy of mathematics and logic. The third category contains papers on Avicenna’s logic and philosophy.Mohammad Ardeshir is a full professor of mathematical logic at the Department of Mathematical Sciences, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran, where he has taught generations of students for around a quarter century. Mohammad Ardeshir is known in the first place for his prominent works in basic logic and constructive mathematics. His areas of interest are however much broader and include topics in intuitionistic philosophy of mathematics and Arabic philosophy of logic and mathematics. In addition to numerous research articles in leading international journals, Ardeshir is the author of a highly praised Persian textbook in mathematical logic. Partly through his writings and translations, the school of mathematical intuitionism was introduced to the Iranian academic community
'Fatherless' of Mohammad Mosavat: The cultural event of the Iranian spring
No full textThe following is a psychoanalytic commentary about a play recently performed in Tehran (Iran) followed by an interview with its author, Mohammad Mosavat. The co-signatories both attended a performance of this play. Invited by Shahid Behesti, Alzahra, and Shiraz Universities for many public lectures and supervisions, the French psychoanalyst Jean-Luc Vannier signs the commentary while the interview and the translation were conducted by the Iranian psychoanalyst in training at the Freudian Group of Tehran, Mahyar Ali Naghi
İtab Ayetleri Işığında Hz. Peygamber’in Dindeki Yeri ve İsmeti
No full textSoyadı: Ömer Faruk Demireşik lahiyat Tefsir Prof. Dr. Bedrettin Çetiner Tez Türü ve Tarihi: Yüksek Lisans-Temmuz 2003 Peygamber, İtab, İsmet.İTAB ÂYETLERİ IŞIĞINDA HZ. PEYGAMBER'İN DİNDEKİ YERİ VE İSMETİ Yapmış olduğu bir kusur sebebiyle muhatabın azarlanması manasına gelen itab, Kur'ân-ı Kerîm'de Allah tarafından çeşitli peygamberlere yöneltilmiştir. Bu itaplar, peygamberlerin insan olmaları sebebiyle hata işlemelerinde kaynaklanmış, fakat onlar bu itaplar üzerine hatalarını düzeltip tevbe etmişler ve Allah'a sığınmışlardır. Bu konuda Peygamber Efendimizin diğer peygamberlerden farklı bir yönü yoktur. O da bir insandır, insanlarla muâmelelerinde ve yapmış olduğu içtihatlarında zaman zaman o da hata yapmıştır. Ve hataları sebebiyle uyarılmıştır. Ancak bu durum onun ismetine ve dindeki yerine zarar vermez. Aksine onun dindeki yerinin tam olarak anlaşılmasına yardım eder. O, Allah'tan vahiy alan, insanlara bu vahyi tebliğ eden, Allah tarafından büyük hatalar işlemesine mani olunan bir beşerdir. Ayrıca itab âyetleri, tevhid inancının pekiştirmiş, nübüvvet inancında meydana gelebilecek sapmaların önünü kesmiş ve insanlar açısından pek çok fayda ve hikmetler ortaya çıkarmıştır. Name and Surname: Ömer Faruk Demireşik Field: Theology Programme: Koranic Commentary Supervisor: Professor Bedrettin Çetiner Degree Awarded and Date: Master-July 2003 Prophet Mohammad, Itab (rebuke), İnnocence. ABSTRACT PROPHET MOHAMMAD'S POSITION IN RELIGION AND HIS INNOCENCE THROUGH THE GUIDANCE OF VERSES RELATED WITH ITAB (REBUKE) Itab (rebuke) means literally someone's being warned, blamed or rebuked for doing something not approved. Itab (rebuke) was directed to several prophets in the Holy Qur'an. These rebukes happened in result of small mistakes of prophets that took place because of prophets' being also humans. But, after these rebukes, they regretted their mistakes and prayed for forgiveness from Allah. At this point of view, the Prophet Mohammad has nothing in difference from other prophets. As also being a human, some rebukes were directed to him because of his small mistakes in his ijtihads and his relationships with people. But this does no harm to his prophethood, it also makes it easy to understand for people as well. He was an innocent human calling people to the truth in the guidance of inspirations that was given to him by Allah and was also exempt from sins. So, verses related with the rebuke strengthens the belief of Tawheed, voids the belief of Nubuvvat from being mislead and reveals value and wisdom for people
RoMEO Studies 4: An analysis of Journal publishers' Copyright Agreements
No full textThis article is the fourth in a series of six emanating from the UK JISC-funded RoMEO Project (Rights Metadata for Open archiving). It describes an analysis of 80 scholarly journal publishers’ copyright agreements with a particular view to their effect on author self-archiving. 90% of agreements asked for copyright transfer and 69% asked for it prior to refereeing the paper. 75% asked authors to warrant that their work had not been previously published although only two explicitly stated that they viewed self-archiving as prior publication. 28.5% of agreements provided authors with no usage rights over their own paper. Although 42.5% allowed self-archiving in some format, there was no consensus on the conditions under which self-archiving could take place. The article concludes that author-publisher copyright agreements should be reconsidered by a working party representing the needs of both partie
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