39 research outputs found
The Technique of Quantis as a Tool to Classify the years in very dry, dry, normal, humid and very humid in the State of Rio Grande do Sul
No full textA precipita????o pluvial ?? de fundamental import??ncia para as diversas atividades
humanas, por esse motivo, cada vez mais, tem sido estudada e utilizada por
diversas ??reas do conhecimento. Face ?? sua import??ncia, este trabalho visa
enriquecer as informa????es sobre o assunto, atrav??s do uso da T??cnica dos Quantis
aplicada para 20 esta????es meteorol??gicas do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Os
objetivos s??o: classificar os anos em muito seco, secos, normais, ??midos e muito
??midos, analisar a s??rie de precipita????o pluvial compreendida no per??odo 1913-1998,
calcular valores limites para os percentis previamente determinados, mostrar e
discutir a distribui????o espacial, calcular a probabilidade de ocorr??ncia de valores
extremos e verificar a influ??ncia dos eventos El Nino e La Ni??a sobre a precipita????o
pluvial observada. Para o per??odo estudado, 86 anos, a T??cnica dos Quantis
mostrou ser uma ferramenta consistente, alcan??ando os objetivos propostos neste
trabalho. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que a precipita????o pluvial no Estado do
Rio Grande do Sul apresenta-se bem distribu??da n??o sendo verificados valores
extremos de significativa relev??ncia. A precipita????o pluvial m??xima absoluta total
mensal variou entre 393,3 mm (Tapes) a 861,0 mm (Santa Maria) e o m??s que se
destacou foi abril; quanto aos m??nimos absolutos a varia????o ocorre no intervalo de 0,3 mm mensal (Santa Vit??ria do Palmar e Rio Grande) a 8,3 mm mensais (Bento
Gon??alves). A T??cnica dos Quantis permite classificar os anos em muito secos,
secos, normais, ??midos e muito ??midos. De modo geral, 50% dos anos estudados
(43 anos) foram classificados como normais; 20,7% foram considerados secos, ou
seja, aproximadamente 18 anos; 14,3 anos foram considerados ??midos (12,3 anos);
10,23% ficaram na faixa dos muito ??midos (8,8 anos) e somente 4,8%, dos 86 anos,
foram muito secos (4,1 anos). No que se refere a influ??ncia dos eventos El Ni??o e La
Ni??a, a maioria das esta????es meteorol??gicas s??o consideradas como normais, n??o
tendo sido verificadas classifica????es extremas como muito seco, por exemplo.
Mesmo estando o Estado do Rio Grande do Sul situado numa regi??o onde os
eventos El Ni??o e La Ni??a s??o relevantes, verificou-se a exist??ncia de anos de n??o
ocorr??ncia dos fen??menos, sendo denominados anos neutros.The pluviometric precipitation is of fundamental importance for the several human
activities, for that reason, more and more, it has been studied and used in several
areas of the knowledge. Due to its importance, this work aims at enriching the
information on the subject, through the use of the QuantisTechnique Quantis in 20
weather stations in the State of Rio Grande do Sul. The objectives are: to classify the
years in very dry, dry, normal, humid and very humid, to analyze the series of
pluviometric precipitation between the period of 1913-1998, to calculate limits values
for the percentiles previously determined, to show and to discuss the space
distribution, to calculate the probability of occurrence of extreme values and to verify
the influence of the El Ni??o and La Ni??a weather phenomena on the observed
precipitation. For the period studied, 86 years, the Quantis Technique demonstrated
being a solid tool reach the objetives proposed in this work. The obtained results
showed that the pluviometric precipitation in the State of Rio Grande do Sul is well
distributed not being noticed extreme values of significant relevance. The total
absolute montly maximum precipitation varied from 393,3 mm (Tapes) to 861,0 mm
(Santa Maria) having April as a unique month; for the total absolute monthly
minimum, the variation happens in the interval of 0,3 mm monthly (Bento Gon??alves).
The Quantis Technique enables classifying the years in very dry, dry, normal, humid and very humid. In general way, 50% of the years studied (43 years) are classified as
normal; 20,7% are considered dry, in other words, approximately 18 years; 14,3
years are considered humid (12,3 years); 10,23% are in the very humid range (8,8
years) and only 4,8%, of the 86 years, are very dry (4,1 years). In relation to the
influence of the El Ni??o and La Ni??a events the results showed that most of the
stations are considered as normal, not having been noticed extreme classifications
as very dry, for example. Despite the fact that the State of Rio Grande do Sul is
located in an area where the El Ni??o and La Ni??a events are relevant, it has been
noticed in some years no occurrence of the phenomena, being therefore
denominatedneutral years
TELEVISION, LIFE WORLD AND SYMBOLIC MOBILITY: SLUM AND SLUM-DWELLERS
No full textO objetivo deste artigo é discutir sobre o conceito de mundo da vida, relacionando-o à hipótese da mobilidadesimbólica com base em uma análise da recepção e discussão da série televisiva Cidade dos Homens (RedeGlobo, 2002), feita em grupos focais com adolescentes moradores e não-moradores de favela de BeloHorizonte e do Rio de Janeiro. Consideramos grupos focais não apenas uma metodologia qualitativa depesquisa, mas uma mediação capaz de incentivar a produção de sentido em situações de recepção coletivae evidenciar processos de questionamento de representações, formação e sustentação de identidades. Nossahipótese é que, embora as representações exibidas nos media reflitam uma tendência à reprodução deestereótipos, podemos, ainda assim, verificar uma relativa pluralidade nesse ambiente e identificar produçõescom a explícita intenção de modificar tais estereótipos. Sendo assim, os media representariam uma importantemediação, cuja capacidade de filtrar, mediatizar e enfatizar determinados temas oferece perspectivas, modelaimagens e incita a criação de contextos políticos e sociais de interação e debate. Dada a presençasignificativa dos media na vida social, é nosso propósito mostrar como a televisão e suas mensagens, quetanto colaboram para a cristalização de um estoque de conhecimento, podem contribuir, também, para aproblematização e deslocamento de entendimentos previamente formulados.L’objectif de cet article est de discuter du concept de monde de la vie en le mettant en rapport avecl’hypothèse de la mobilité symbolique et en s’appuyant sur une analyse de la réception et de ladiscussion de la série télévisée Cidade dos Homens (Cité des Hommes) de la chaîne Globo, 2002.Cette émission se passait auprès de groupes focaux d’adolescents, habitants et non habitants defavela à Belo Horizonte et à Rio de Janeiro. Nous considérons les groupes focaux non seulementcomme une méthodologie qualitative de recherche, mais aussi comme une médiation capable destimuler la production de sens dans des situations de réception collective et de mettre en évidence lesprocessus de mise en question de représentations, de formation et de support d’identité. Bien que lesreprésentations transmises par les moyens de communication reflètent une tendance à la reproductionde stéréotypes, notre hypothèse est que nous pouvons quand même vérifier une relative pluralitédans cet environnement et identifier les productions ayant explicitement l’intention de modifier cesstéréotypes. Les moyens de communication représenteraient donc une importante médiation dont lacapacité à filtrer, à rendre médiatique et à renforcer certains thèmes offre des perspectives, modèleles images et incite à la création de contextes politiques et sociaux d’interaction et débat. Vu laprésence importante des moyens de communication dans la vie sociale, nous avons pour but demontrer comment la télévision et ses messages qui contribuent énormément à la sédimentation d’unstock de connaissance, contribuent aussi à la mise en question et au déplacement d’entendementspréalablement formulés.This article discusses the concept of life world, relating it to the hypothesis of symbolic mobilityflowing from analysis of reception and discussion of the television series “City of Men” (Cidade dosHomens”, Rede Globo, 2002) carried out through focal groups with youth, slum-dwellers and nonslumdwellers in Belo Horizonte and Rio de Janeiro. We not only consider focal groups as a qualitativeresearch methodology, but as a form of mediation that is capable of stimulating the production ofmeaning in situations of collective reception, fomenting processes in which representations arequestioned and identities are formed and sustained. It is our hypothesis that although representationsexhibited by communications media tend to reproduce stereotypes, we can still identify a relativeplurality and identify productions that possess an explicit intention to alter such stereotypes. In thisregard, communications media provide an important mediation whose ability to filter, “mediatize”and emphasize certain topics offers perspectives, molds images and incites the creation of politicaland social contexts of debate and interaction. Given the significant presence of communicationsmedia in social life, our proposal is to show how televsion and its messages, which play such afundamental role in cristalizing a stock of knowledge, may also contribute to problematizing anddislocating previously formulated understanding
The impact of morally injurious events in a refugee sample: A quantitative and qualitative study
Full text linkBACKGROUND: Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is often reported by refugees that faced violence and persecution. Some stressful events may also entail moral conflicts or dilemmas, described as “potentially morally injurious events” (PMIE). Very few studies have yet investigated the nature of these PMIEs in traumatized refugees, using both quantitative and qualitative data. METHOD: For this retrospective study, secondary data analysis was used to examine the traumatic events of 183 patients. Based on established definitions of a PMIE, participants were allocated to a Moral Injury (MI) group if they reported lasting distress after exposure to an event of which they indicated that it transgressed their moral beliefs. The remaining participants were allocated to the No-MI group. The type of PMIEs was categorized using qualitative analysis. The groups were compared in terms of PTSD severity, feelings of guilt, and general mental health symptoms. RESULTS: Of the total sample, 55 participants reported one or more acts of transgression (MI group) and 128 reported no acts of transgression (No-MI group). Analyses of PMIEs revealed six themes 1) failing to prevent harm to others, 2) not giving aid to people in need, 3) leaving family members behind that consequently lead to injury or death of others, 4) making indirect and direct moral decisions leading to injury or death of others, 5) betrayal, and 6) engaging in the harm of others. No differences were found between groups on the clinical outcomes, except for feelings of guilt. CONCLUSION: A considerable number of traumatized refugees reported confrontation with PMIEs. Experiencing PMIEs appeared unrelated to elevated posttraumatic mental health issues
Marge Piercy's female protagonists: beyond the stereotype of passivity?
Full text linkDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Centro de Comunicação e ExpressãoAtravés da análise de 5 romances da escritora americana Marge Piercy investiga-se até que ponto suas protagonistas transcedem rígidas imagens de mulheres (estereótipos femininos) existentes na estrutura patriarcal contemporânea. São examinadas 9 personagens quanto as suas interações na esfera privada e na vida pública. Observa-se como elas reagem, ou não, com relação quanto a estrutura familiar tradicional, relacionamento com amigos e parceiros, educação, vida profissional e organização sócio-política
Moral injury appraisals and posttraumatic stress symptoms in trauma-exposed police officers: a latent class analysis
No full textBackground: Police officers encounter various potentially traumatic events (PTEs) and may be compelled to engage in actions that contradict their moral codes. Consequently, they are at risk to develop symptoms of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), but also moral stress or moral injury (MI). To date, MI in police officers has received limited attention.Objective: The present study sought to identify classes of MI appraisals and PTSD symptoms among police officers exposed to PTEs, while also investigating potential clinical differences between these classes.Method: For this study, 421 trauma-exposed police officers were assessed on demographics and several clinical measurements including MI appraisals (self-directed and other-directed), PTSD severity, and general psychopathology. Latent class and regression analyses were conducted to examine the presence of different classes among trauma-exposed police officers and class differentiation in terms of demographics, general psychopathology, PTSD severity, mistrust, guilt, self-punishment, and feelings of worthlessness.Results: The following five classes were identified: (1) a ‘Low MI, high PTSD class’ (28%), (2) a ‘High MI, low PTSD class’ (11%), (3) a ‘High MI, high PTSD class’ (17%), (4) a ‘Low MI, low PTSD class’ (16%), and (5) a ‘High MI-other, high PTSD class’ (27%). There were significant differences between the classes in terms of age, general psychopathology, PTSD severity, mistrust, guilt, and self-punishment but no differences for gender and feelings of worthlessness.Conclusion: In conclusion, we identified five classes, each exhibiting unique patterns of cognitive MI appraisals and PTSD symptoms. This underscores the criticality of measuring and identifying MI in this particular group, as it allows for tailored treatment interventions
Estereotipos de género en estudiantes de 10 a 14 años de la Institución Educativa Colegio Guatiquia
No full textLos estereotipos de género son creencias, comportamientos, o normas sociales, que se le atribuyen a las mujeres y hombres como un constructo social que no solo se adquiere por medio del aprendizaje y los diferentes contextos sino que también se mantienen y prevalecen, esto bajo la teoría del aprendizaje social y el desarrollo de la personalidad de Bandura y Walters, por ende, se llevó a cabo este proyecto de investigación el cual busca describir e identificar los estereotipos de género en estudiantes de 10 a 14 años como muestra, siendo esta una población académica del Colegio Guatiquia, por el cual cabe mencionar que, los estereotipos de género son considerados una categoría principal y de esta se despliegan dos subcategorías las cuales son feminidad y masculinidad, todo esto mediante un grupo focal, teniendo en cuenta criterios de elegibilidad, siendo esta una investigación con enfoque cualitativo y un diseño hermenéutico, encontrando dentro de los resultados que, la motivación (castigo-recompensa) influye dentro de los mismo, la atención y retención de los estereotipos tradicionales y, teniendo como categoría emergente la no reproducción, llegando así a la conclusión de que los estereotipos de género traen malestares físicos, psicológicos, emocionales y sociales a los jóvenes estudiantes.Gender stereotypes are beliefs, behaviors, or social norms, which are attributed to women and men as a social construct that is not only acquired through learning and different contexts but also maintained and prevail, this under the theory of social learning and personality development of Bandura and Walters, therefore, this research project was carried out which seeks to describe and identify gender stereotypes in students aged 10 to 14 years as a sample, this being an academic population of Colegio Guatiquia, for which it is worth mentioning that, gender stereotypes are considered a main category and from this two subcategories are deployed which are femininity and masculinity, all this through a focus group, taking into account eligibility criteria, being this a research with a qualitative approach and a hermeneutic design, finding within the results that, Motivation (punishment-reward) influences within the same, attention and retention of traditional stereotypes and, having as an emerging category the non-reproduction, thus reaching the conclusion that gender stereotypes bring physical, psychological, emotional and social discomfort to young students.Resumen -- Abstract -- Introducción -- Planteamiento del problema -- Justificación -- Objetivos -- Objetivo general -- Objetivos específicos -- Marco referencial -- Marco Teórico -- Marco Empírico -- Internacional -- Nacional -- Metodología -- Enfoque de investigación -- Diseño de investigación -- Tabla 1 -- Técnicas de recolección de datos -- Criterio de Inclusión y Exclusión -- Análisis de datos -- Procedimiento por etapas -- Fase 1. -- Fase 2. -- Fase 3. -- Fase 4. -- Fase 5. -- Consideraciones éticas -- Tratamiento de la información -- Tipo de riesgo según el tipo de impacto que se pueda generar -- Tabla 2. -- Aspectos generales de la ley o marco jurídico -- Resultados -- Ilustración 1. -- Ilustración 2. -- Discusiones -- Conclusiones -- Recomendaciones -- Referencias -- Índice de Apéndices -- Apéndice A: Solicitud de autorización para la recolección de datos -- Apéndice B: Consentimiento y asentimiento informado -- Apéndice C: Instrumentos de evaluación -- Apéndice D: Guía de grupo focal -- Apéndice F: Evidencia fotográfica grupo focal -- Apéndice E: Socialización de [email protected]@[email protected]
Gender stereotypes in the child population of Gimnasio El Bosque School
Full text linkEste trabajo de investigación tiene como objetivo analizar los estereotipos de género en la población infantil de los grados cuarto y quinto del Colegio Gimnasio El Bosque. El enfoque metodológico es cualitativo, basado en la Investigación-Acción Educativa, y emplea talleres pedagógicos y diarios de campo como técnicas de recolección de datos. Los resultados revelan la persistencia de estereotipos de género, tanto en niños como en niñas, y su relación con las violencias simbólicas y de género. Además, se observa que, aunque los estereotipos afectan principalmente al género femenino, también existen limitaciones para el género masculino, especialmente en el ámbito socioafectivo. Finalmente, se propone que la educación inclusiva y el uso del juego como herramienta pedagógica pueden ser estrategias pertinentes para deconstruir estos imaginarios y promover la igualdad y equidad de género desde la infancia.Magíster en Educación Inclusiva e InterculturalMaestríaThis research work aims to analyze gender stereotypes in the child population of the fourth and fifth grades of the school Gimnasio El Bosque. The methodological approach is qualitative, based on Educational Action Research, and uses pedagogical workshops and field diaries as data collection techniques. The results reveal the persistence of gender stereotypes, both in boys and girls, and their relationship in a symbolic sense and in gender or violence. In addition, it is observed that, although stereotypes mainly affect the female gender, there are also limitations for the male gender, especially in the socio-affective field. Finally, it is proposed that inclusive education and the use of play as a pedagogical tool can be relevant strategies to deconstruct these imaginaries and promote gender equality and equity from childhood
Women in the French Revolution: Bibliography. Women of Europe Supplement No. 33, January 1991
Full text linkTrauma memories with and without moral conflict:characteristics, centrality, and associations with posttraumatic stress
No full textThe significance of moral conflicts that emerge during traumatic events and their influence on posttraumatic stress (PTS) and related symptoms are increasingly recognised. However, characteristics of the memories of these conflicts and how central these memories are within autobiographical memory remain largely unclear. In this study, students recalling trauma memories with a moral conflict were compared to students whose trauma memories did not include a moral conflict, in terms of the event-centrality of the trauma memory, memory characteristics, current emotional distress, and PTS. Additionally, we examined to what extent event-centrality was associated with PTS and memory characteristics. Participants recalling trauma memories with a moral conflict referred to these memories as more central, self-defining, and were more often recalled from observer perspective with greater self-distance compared to participants recalling trauma memories without moral conflict. The former group experienced more shame, guilt, disgust, and horror during the traumatic event and reported more PTS and current emotional distress. Event-centrality was positively correlated with PTS. This study highlights that event-centrality and memory characteristics play an important role in trauma memories with moral conflict.</p
Moral injury appraisals and PTSD symptoms in treatment-seeking refugees:a latent profile analysis
No full textObjective: Refugees flee from countries due to war, violence, or persecution and are often exposed to potentially traumatic events (PTEs). Furthermore, they might encounter situations where they are compelled to act contrary to their moral codes or witness others acting morally wrong. Consequently, they are at risk to not only develop symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), but also moral injury (MI). To date, MI in traumatized refugees has received limited research attention. The present study sought to identify classes of MI appraisals and PTSD symptoms among refugees exposed to PTEs and to investigate differences between these classes in terms of demographics, general psychopathology, and depression. Method: For this study, 136 treatment-seeking refugees completed questionnaires on demographics, self-directed and other-directed MI appraisals, PTSD symptoms, general psychopathology, and depression. Latent profile analysis was conducted to identify classes and regression analyses to explore differences between classes in terms of age, gender, general psychopathology, and depression. Results: The following three classes were identified: a ‘below average MI and below average PTSD class’ (39%), an ‘average MI-self, below average MI-other and low PTSD class’ (10%) and an ‘above average MI and above average PTSD class’ (50%). Classes differed in terms of general psychopathology and depression but not age and gender. Conclusions: We identified three classes, each displaying distinct manifestations of MI appraisals and PTSD symptoms. This highlights the importance of assessing and recognizing MI appraisals within treatment-seeking refugees, enabling customized treatment interventions for both MI and PTSD.</p
