1,721,297 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Prototype development for the clinical evaluation of an advanced image registration algorithm
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Test und Simulation der Track-Finding-Unit des HERA-B-First-Level-Triggers
Full text linkZur Reduktion der hohen Datenrate des HERA-B-Experiments am DESY in Hamburg benötigt man ein leistungsfähiges, mehrstufiges Triggersystem. Die erste Stufe, ein asynchrones und paralleles Pipeline-Multiprozessorsystem, wurde vom Lehrstuhl Informatik V der Universität Mannheim hergestellt. Damit der Produktionszeitplan für die Trigger-Komponenten, insbesondere für die 90 dicht bestückten Platinen der Track-Finding-Unit (TFU), eingehalten werden konnte, war man zur Diagnose der Produktionsfehler und zur Qualitätskontrolle auf effiziente Teststrategien angewiesen. Zur Design-Verifikation der Trigger-Hardware und für die Tests, zur Inbetriebnahme des Triggersystems und zur Berechnung der Effizienz des Experiments benötigte man eine exakte Verhaltenssimulation. In der vorliegenden Dissertationsschrift werden die Anforderungen an die Simulation und die Tests untersucht. Ferner wird ihre Realisation beschrieben und diskutiert. Die Tests werden in den aktuellen Stand der Forschung und der Technik eingeordnet. Die Berüksichtigung von Testbarkeitsaspekten beim Design der Hardware machte es möglich, die Kosten und den Zeitbedarf der Tests zu reduzieren. Die Integration von Scan-Pfaden erlaubte es, zur Diagnose statischer Fehler den TFU-Prozessor in einzelne Testklassen zu unterteilen und diese effizient zu testen. Des weiteren werden Vorschläge zur Verbesserung der Testbarkeit bei künftigen, ähnlichen Designs unterbreitet und anhand von Simulationen diskutiert. Sie ermöglichen es, die Teststrategie zur Diagnose statischer Fehler auf dynamische Fehler auszuweiten
Colorectal polyp classification using confidence-calibrated convolutional neural networks
Full text linkComputer-Aided Diagnosis (CADx) systems for in-vivo characterization of Colorectal Polyps (CRPs) which are precursor lesions of Colorectal Cancer (CRC), can assist clinicians with diagnosis and better informed decisionmaking during colonoscopy procedures. Current deep learning-based state-of-the-art solutions achieve a high classification performance, but lack measures to increase the reliability of such systems. In this paper, the reliability of a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) for characterization of CRPs is specifically addressed by confidence calibration. Well-calibrated models produce classification-confidence scores that reflect the actual correctness likelihood of the model, thereby supporting reliable predictions by trustworthy and informative confidence scores. Two recently proposed trainable calibration methods are explored for CRP classification to calibrate the confidence of the proposed CNN. We show that the confidence-calibration error can be decreased by 33.86% (-0.01648 ± 0.01085), 48.33% (-0.04415 ± 0.01731), 50.57% (-0.11423 ± 0.00680), 61.68% (-0.01553 ± 0.00204) and 48.27% (-0.22074 ± 0.08652) for the Expected Calibration Error (ECE), Average Calibration Error (ACE), Maximum Calibration Error (MCE), Over-Confidence Error (OE) and Cumulative Calibration Error (CUMU), respectively. Moreover, the absolute difference between the average entropy and the expected entropy was considerably reduced by 32.00% (-0.04374 ± 0.01238) on average. Furthermore, even a slightly improved classification performance is observed, compared to the uncalibrated equivalent. The obtained results show that the proposed model for CRP classification with confidence calibration produces better calibrated predictions without sacrificing classification performance. This work shows promising points of engagement towards obtaining reliable and well-calibrated CADx systems for in-vivo polyp characterization, to assist clinicians during colonoscopy procedures.</p
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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