1,107 research outputs found
The Cryptocephalini of the Maltese Islands(Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae)
No full textFour species of the Tribe Cryptocephalini have been asserted as occurring in Malta. These include Pachybrachis siculus, Cryptocephalus fulvus, C. plantaris and C. macellus. The occurrence of a fifth species, C. ochroleucus, remains doubtful. Taxonomic notes and some biogeographic remarks are reported.peer-reviewe
Travessias pelo sertão Contestado: entre ficção e historia, no deserto e na floresta
No full textDissertação (Mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Comunicação e ExpressãoEste trabalho tem como proposta pesquisar e questionar a relação intertextual entre ficção e história, a partir de dois romances que abordam a Guerra do Contestado, conflito ocorrido entre 1912-1916, no planalto catarinense. Com base na contextualização histórica-social, de um lado e na análise das obras Geração do Deserto de Guido Wilmar Sassi e Império Caboclo de Donaldo Schüler, do outro, observa-se como se efetiva o processo de fusão desses dois campos. Ao refletir sobre essa relação intertextual, os conceitos de estudiosos como Mikhail Bakhtin (dialogismo), Julia Kristeva (intertextualidade) e Linda Hutcheon (história e ficção) se afiguram como referencial teórico possível, na medida em que desenvolvem importantes questões sobre essa interação. Não se tem, contudo, nesta dissertação, um modelo de aplicação prática de uma teoria específica, mas a incorporação de idéias que possam contribuir para a compreensão desse processo intertextual, ao mesmo tempo que traz à baila um episódio histórico brasileiro e sua problemática universal
Introduction
No full textA short history of (the relationship between) postcolonial studies and Scottish studies, followed by a theoretical and methodological analysis of how the book that this chapter introduces is situated in the field of postcolonial Scottish studies
SASSI and the MSC: How effective have they been with reaching consumers in Cape Town and raising their awareness
No full textThe 'sustainable seafood movement' is over 20 years old, and has made use of numerous methods in an attempt to educate consumers about seafood. In South Africa, there are two such campaigns: the Marine Stewardship Council (MSC) and the Southern African Sustainable Seafood Initiative (SASSI). This study aimed to investigate the awareness of consumers at major retail outlets in Cape Town of these initiatives, and to link awareness with seafood consumption behaviour. It used face-to-face surveys, which were conducted at all times of the week in outlets of three major supermarket chains located at five middle-class shopping centres. Aspects investigated included consumers': recognition of the MSC and SASSI; preferred seafood species; production method(s); and favoured sources of seafood. The data were analysed by means of chi-squared (χ2) analysis. The MSC label was recognised by slightly over a tenth of the consumers and SASSI by just less than half. Overall it was found that shoppers were more concerned about the quality and value for money, than the type, sustainability and size of their seafood. Consumers who shopped at the retail outlets which have a working relationship with SASSI did not show a higher awareness of SASSI. Even the consumers who were the most aware of SASSI and/or the MSC, and indicated that they considered sustainability a factor when making seafood choices, still favoured species from fisheries the sustainability of which is classified as problematic. The results point to raised awareness, yet unchanged purchasing behaviour
Paolozzi at Large in Edinburgh: Artworks and Creative Responses ed. by Christine De Luca and Carlo Pirozzi (review)
No full textThis is a review of an interdisciplinary work focused on Eduardo Paolozzi's art and his relationship with native Edinburgh, and involving scholars and academics working in the fields of art, history and literature
Viennot L. avec la collaboration de Besson U., Chauvet F., Colin P., Hirn-Chaine C., Kaminski W., Rainson S. (2002). Enseigner la physique. Bruxelles, Paris, De Boeck, 248 p
No full textSassi E. Viennot L. avec la collaboration de Besson U., Chauvet F., Colin P., Hirn-Chaine C., Kaminski W., Rainson S. (2002). Enseigner la physique. Bruxelles, Paris, De Boeck, 248 p. In: Didaskalia, n°22, 2003. Concepts et conceptions. pp. 138-139
Direitos Femininos e Liberdade de Crença no Brasil: cooperação religiosa e laicidade estatal a partir do caso "Católicas pelo Direito de Decidir"
No full textCatholics for a Free Choice is a feminist religious association that combines elements of faith with political activism in vindication of women's rights. As a research problem, the pertinence of the application of religious doctrines and norms in the decision of the State of São Paulo’s Court of Justice, that condemned the Brazilian group to abstain from the word “catholics” in its denomination, was investigated. The reasoning based on international rules from Canon Law and the Concordat between Brazil and the Holy See were explored through a legal analysis (which at the end concerns a few sociological aspects) in confrontation with the freedom of religion of Brazilian citizens and state secularism. As general aims, the religious dissent that the association represents was pointed out, as the applicability of the agreement between Brazilian government and the Holy See related to the juridical status of the Catholic church in the country (Decree n. 7,107/10). As a specific aim, it was demonstrated that fundamental rights should not be suppressed based on extra-normative, spiritual foundations. To carry out the research, the case study method was used to analyze the adjudication. The conclusions lead to the perception that, although religion is intrinsic to the conduction of Justice, it cannot be employed as justificatory of the suppression of women's fundamental rights.Católicas por el Derecho a Decidir es una asociación religiosa feminista que combina elementos de fe con el activismo político en defensa de los derechos de las mujeres. Como problema de investigación, se examinó la relevancia del uso de doctrinas y normas religiosas en la decisión del Tribunal de Justicia del Estado de São Paulo, que condenó al grupo brasileño a abstenerse de la palabra “católicas” en su denominación. Se investigó el razonamiento basado en las normas internacionales del Derecho Canónico y el Concordato entre Brasil y la Santa Sede frente a la libertad de religión de las ciudadanas brasileñas y la laicidad estatal. Como objetivos generales, se señaló la disidencia religiosa representada por la asociación y se verificó la aplicabilidad del Acuerdo entre el Gobierno de la República Federativa de Brasil y la Santa Sede sobre el Estatuto Jurídico de la Iglesia Católica en Brasil (Decreto n. 7.107/10). Como objetivo específico, se demostró que los derechos fundamentales no deben ser suprimidos en base a fundamentos extra-normativos, espirituales. Para llevar a cabo la investigación se utilizó el método de estudio de caso para análisis de la sentencia. Las conclusiones conducen a la percepción de que, si bien la religión es intrínseca a la conducción de la Justicia, no puede ser utilizada como base para la supresión de los derechos fundamentales de las mujeres
Metallactus octoguttatus D. Sassi 2019, n. comb.
No full textMetallactus octoguttatus (Burmeister, 1877) n. comb. (Figs 12; 29) Griburius octoguttatus Burmeister, 1877: 65; Clavareau, 1913: 90 (catalogue); Blackwelder, 1946: 640 (catalogue); Agrain et al., 2017: 57 (annotated checklist). Metallactus albopictus Chamorro, 2013: 201, fig. 8; 204, fig. 26 (taxonomic study). Types. Burmeister did not mention the number of specimens under study but two specimens housed in MACN match the original description. The typification has been made as follows, in order to stabilize the epithet. LECTOTYPE (by present designation): ♀, pinned, not dissected // “ Parana Jan.” [green label, printed] // “ Griburius octoguttatus Burmeister 1877 Syntypus ” [red label, handwritten] // “ Griburius octoguttatus Burmeister, 1877 LECTOTYPUS D. Sassi des.” [red label, printed] // “ Metallactus octoguttatus (Burmeister, 1877) D. Sassi det. 2019” [white label, printed] // (MACN). PARALECTOTYPE: 1 ex. sex undet. // “ Griburius octoguttatus Burmeister 1877 Syntypus ” [red label, handwritten] // “ Griburius octoguttatus Burmeister, 1877 PARALECTOTYPUS D. Sassi des.” [red label, printed] // “ Metallactus octoguttatus (Burmeister, 1877) D. Sassi det. 2019” [white label, printed] // (MACN). Type locality. Paranà (Entre Ríos, Argentina). Further material examined. ARGENTINA: Saenz Pena Chaco (2, BMNH); Estancia la Noria Rio San Javier Santa Fè G. E. Bryant (14, BMNH); S. Antonio Reimoser (2, NMV); T. N. Formosa Loc. Gran Guardia XI.1953 (2, NHMB); Chaco de Santa Fé Las Garzas borde du rio Las Garzas 20 Km l’O d’Ocampo E. R. Wagner 1903 (1, MNHN); Resistencia Balzan 188[...] (1, MSNG); La Merced Reimoser (1, NMV). PARAGUAY: San Luis Reimoser (1, NMV); Dep. Cordillera, Pirareta 12/ 15.X.2010 S25 29’ W56°56’ Leg. U. Drechsel (1, UDPC). Distribution. Argentina, Paraguay. New to Paraguay. Diagnosis. A Metallactus of small-medium size. It belongs to a subgroup of four species (M. albopictus, M. octoguttatus, M. madefactus and M. abditus) distinguished by a pronotal V-shaped yellow spot just in front of scutellum. Among these species, M. octoguttatus is characterized by the shape of the aedeagal median lobe, the apicoelytral spots generally separated from each other, and the completely yellow clypeus. Also, the median longitudinal spot on the pronotum is generally shorter and stouter than in M. albopictus, particularly in males, while the pronotal lateral spot is more salient along the posterior margin (C-shaped). The species is also more robust than M. albopictus and shows a lighter pronotal punctation, approaching more to M. abditus in these two last characters. M. madefactus can be distinguished for the different shape of the apicoelytral spots and the more extended yellow color on frons. Overall, in the studied material the dorsal color pattern of the four species of this subgroup almost always seems to offer enough information for the diagnosis. However, the chromatic differences might not be adequate dealing with a larger number of specimens. For example, in some of the 14 specimens from Estancia la Noria (BMNH) the yellow elliptical spots tend to expand and coalesce, masking the “typical” habit of M. octoguttatus. Furthermore, a specimen, male, from Formosa has mostly yellowish legs, together with part of the ventral surface. The aedeagal shape could therefore prove to be necessary in many cases for a correct identification. Description of male. Habitus in Fig. 12 a–b (LT). BL = 3.9–4.1 mm, BW = 2.4 mm, PL = 1.3–1.4 mm, PW = 2.2 mm. Interocular distance 12.8–14.6% of BL. Head black with two almost trapezoidal yellow spots along upper section of inner ocular rim, coalescent along midline; clypeus yellow as well. Labrum brownish. Vertex quite dull, almost bare with sparse rather coarse punctures to almost impunctate. Frontoclypeal area with sparse pale setae and quite coarse punctation. Mid-cranial suture short, well impressed so that surrounding surface distinctly swollen. First five antennomeres yellowish, sublucid, the subsequent ones totally darkened, dull and more diffusedly setose. Pronotum black with lateral margin and outer part of anterior and posterior margins covered with a single Cshaped yellow spot; a median V-shaped (almost elliptical in one paratype) yellow spot close to posterior margin just in front to scutellum; a smaller elliptical median one, yellow as well, close to anterior margin. Pronotal shape relatively short-elliptical with lateral margins thin, barely visible from above, regularly curved with maximum width slightly behind the middle. Posterolateral impressions obliterated. Surface moderately lustrous with scattered, feebly impressed punctation, slightly sparser and shallower on disc. Scutellum black, moderately raised, apex truncated in a straight line. Finely setose and minutely punctured. Elytron surface black with four yellow spots lined up along suture. First spot, rounded, beside scutellum; second one, rounded as well to moderately elliptical, at middle; third one, transverse, on apical clivus; fourth one, smaller and roughly rounded, at apex. A further C-shaped, yellow spot surrounding humerous and extended on outer part of anterior margin and epipleuron. Elytral outline parallel-sided to sides slightly convergent posteriorly, only weakly flattened on disc. Postscutellar area very weakly raised. Humeral callus moderately prominent, impunctate. Surface moderately shiny with shallow punctures arranged in irregular rows, perceptible on elytral apex too. Intervals not raised. Pygidium yellow, with a brownish spot on apex, smooth, matt, with sparse, shallow punctures and whitish setae. Inferior parts of thorax totally black to widely yellowish, covered with sparse setae and shallowly punctured. Prosternal process coarsely punctured with long setae, Abdominal ventrites black with large yellow margins to almost completely yellow, shallowly and sparsely punctured, with sparse setae. Legs totally black to largely yellowish on femora and basal section of tibiae. Median depression on fifth abdominal ventrite shallow, matt and almost bare. Posterior margin of fifth abdominal ventrite perceptibly notched. Median lobe of aedeagus (Fig. 12 c–e) cylindrical, with smooth surface and apex scarcely separated from the rest of aedeagus, short. In lateral view apex faintly bent ventrally. Hairy dents barely impressed, scarcely delimited, bearing rather short, dense setae. Aedeagal ventral surface not swollen in lateral view, devoid of particular structures. Endophallus (Fig. 12 f–g) with sclerite I well sclerotized with denticle strongly developed, blunt, pointing upwards and barely sticking out laterally. Dorsal spicule rather short, pointed and fairly pigmented. Sclerite II long, regularly bent towards base and gradually tapered towards apex. Arch of sclerite III high, fairly projecting upwards, straight, slender. Apex of sclerite III straight, regularly tapered, fairly expanded on its proximal half, so that the sclerite looks like the head of a grebe. Branches of sclerite IV shorter than sclerite III in the folded-up structure, perceptibly curved, with slightly asymmetrical, microdenticulate apex and surface moderately sculptured, consisting of small wrinkles. Female. BL = 4.8–5.3 mm, BW = 2.9–3.4 mm, PL = 1.6–1.8 mm, PW = 2.6–2.9 mm. Interocular distance 14.6–17.0% of BL. Fifth abdominal ventrite in females with quite large, transverse, shallow pit. Bottom of pit bald, matt, impunctate but covered with tiny wrinkles. Vasculum of spermatheca (Fig. 12h) slender, scarcely pigmented with straight proximal branch fairly and asymmetrically swollen at base, long distal branch and long, pointed apex markedly bent downwards. Ampulla fairly pigmented, slightly shifted on dorsal side of vasculum. Duct insertion and sperm gland insertion barely distinct. Duct uniform in size, slender, coiled with coils rather thick, almost regularly arranged. Distal not coiled portion of duct long, completely straight on its terminal section. Insertion on bursa copulatrix lengthened, straight, barely swollen and well pigmented.Published as part of Sassi, Davide, 2019, Revision of the Metallactus hamifer species-group (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cryptocephalinae), pp. 201-245 in Zootaxa 4657 (2) on pages 230-232, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4657.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/376387
Pachybrachis holerorum Montagna & Sassi, new species
No full textPachybrachis holerorum Montagna & Sassi, new species (figure 3) Material examined. Holotype. Male, deposited in MSNM. Original label: Emilia-Romagna, Parma, Passo del Pellizzone, 1000 m, 8.VI. 2011, Montagna & Sassi leg., 44 ° 40 ' 48.84 "N 9 ° 44 ' 42.66 " E [white label, printed] / Pachybrachis holerorum n. sp. holotypus Montagna & Sassi des. [red, printed]. DNA extracted to perform the amplification through PCRs of the genes: cox 1, rbcL and trnL. Paratypes. 46 specimens: Emilia-Romagna, Parma, Passo del Pellizzone, 1000 m, Montagna & Sassi leg., 44 ° 40 ' 48.84 "N 9 ° 44 ' 42.66 " E [white labels, printed], 8 ♂ and 19 ♀, DNA extracted from 4 ♂ (gene cox 1) and 2 ♀ (genes: cox 1, rbcL and trnL); Lombardia, PV, dint. Brallo di Pregola, Cima Colletta, 1366 m, 16. VI. 2011, Sassi leg., 44 ° 42 ' 37.59 "N 9 ° 15 ' 36.55 "E [white labels, printed], 3 ♂ and 1 ♀; Em. Romagna, MO, Nirano, Salse di Nirano, 30.V. 2007, D. Sassi leg. [white label, handwritten], 1 ♂ and 2 ♀; LOMB. Emilia, Lago di Trebecco, 11.6. 1997, leg. D. Sassi, [white label, printed], 2 ♂; Lombardia, PV, R, de' Giorgi, 16.6. 1990, D. Sassi, 3 ♂ and 6 ♀ [white label, printed]; Em. Romagna, MO, Sassatella, 800 m, 30.V. 2007, D. Sassi leg., [white label, printed], 1 ♂. All paratypes with our label: Pachybrachis holerorum n. sp. paratypus Montagna & Sassi des. [red, printed]. Paratypes in MSNM, DSPC, MMPC, MSPC, MDPC. Etymology. The name is genitive plural of holus, used by the Roman poet Lucilius to indicate leguminous forbs. Description of male. Total length: male = 2.9 ± 0.1 mm. Head yellow except vertex, a median longitudinal stripe with bifurcated apex along frons, antennae sockets, anterior margin of clypeus black. Frons shining, covered with fairly impressed punctation, denser on clypeus and above insertion of antennae, sparser on frons. Antennae filiform, brownish, segments 1–5 partly yellowish. Pronotum black with yellow bands along anterior and lateral borders; anterior band lightly thickened at anterior angles and with short median posteriorly directed vitta; two anteriorly directed yellow lines from basal margin at sides of scutellum, 1.5 times wider than long, regularly curved at sides, with maximum width at about middle; punctation deep, denser at sides, slightly sparser on disc. Scutellum elevated, black, minutely punctate, apically truncate. Elytra coarsely punctured, partially arranged in striae; interstices raised, black with yellow pattern slightly raised from black surface, arranged as follows (spots and vittae may be interrupted or absent): narrow bands and vittae along anterior, lateral and posterior margins; narrow vitta along posterior half of sutural margin; two elongated spots near suture, plus one behind scutellum and one larger, in median position; longitudinal vitta on anterior margin lateral to humeral callus; post-median spot on disc; several smaller spots variously arranged on elytral surface. Epipleura black in posterior half, partly yellow anteriorly, with one or two series of irregularly aligned punctures on edges. Venter black, mesepimera with yellow spot, sometimes indistinct. Abdominal ventrites sparsely punctured and covered with rather sparse, long whitish hairs; ventrite 5 with shallow depression, glabrous. Legs yellow, fore femora blackish along posterior edge; median and hind femora largely darkened along basal half, fore tibiae yellow; meso and metatibiae darkened at apex; tarsi mostly yellow, more or less darkened towards apex. First protarsomere moderately broadened, as wide as apex of tibia. Apex of aedeagal median lobe (figure 4) acute, lateroventrally with row of white hairs, shaft thin and elongated, slightly careened along ventral surface, venter straight in lateral view. Female differs from male in: larger and stouter body (length 3.3 ± 0.1 mm); frons broader and, as result, eyes more separated; generally reduced yellow pattern; first protarsomeres significantly narrower than tibiae apically; rectal apparatus (figure 5 a,b) with two dorsal and one ventral sclerites; dorsal sclerites short and narrow, slightly wider than rectum, transverse connection across dorsal fold not perceptible, so sclerites essentially reduced to the apodemes only; ventral sclerite ribbon-like, evenly pigmented in the middle, with large and rounded apodemes at both ends, wider than rectum; dorsal and ventral sclerotizations of lateral fold present; spermatheca (figure 5 c) sickle-shaped, lightly pigmented, basal part not swollen; base reflexed, with gland and duct insertions well sclerotized, so that it seems bifurcated; duct not coiled, quite short, its insertion on bursa copulatrix not enlarged and only feebly and briefly pigmented. Diagnosis. Pachybrachis of medium-small size, characterized by elytral pattern, with marginal yellow stripe from anterior edge, to and around posterior margin, then along apical half of suture. This stripe interrupted only at humeral callus. Similar elytral marginal stripes are present in P. karamani Weise and P. fimbriolatus Suffrian, with which the new species forms a group, based on morphology. In P. karamani, the elytral yellow spots are generally smaller, and the irregularly distributed small spots that characterize P. holerorum are almost entirely missing. Pachybrachis fimbriolatus is distinguished from the new species by: less transverse and more minutely and densely punctured pronotum, reduced elytral yellow spotting, particularly, postmedian dot nearly always absent. The new species clearly differs from the all Pachybrachis species in the shape of the median lobe of aedeagus (figures 4 and 6). Distribution. The new species is endemic to Northern Apennines, Italy. The type locality is Emilia Romagna, Piacenza Prov., Passo del Pellizzone (also written “Pelizzone”) (44 ° 40 ' 48.84 "N 9 ° 44 ' 42.66 "E). Remarks. The biology of P. holerorum is poorly known. At Passo del Pellizzone it was collected in early June on Lotus herbaceus. This possible host was confirmed by the gut analysis of plant DNA from specimens at this locality. The preference of many species of the genus Pachybrachis for Fabaceae is well known (Jolivet and Hawkeswood 1995). Pachybrachis holerorum is restricted to the north and west Apennines and P. k a r a m a n i is on the Adriatic slopes of North and Central Apennines (Sassi 2006). Molecular and morphological evidence show that Pachybrachis holerorum and P. karamani are recently diverged sister species in adjacent allopatric ranges, suggesting vicariant origin for the two species. We take the opportunity here to designate a lectotype for P. karamani, to fix the identity of this species which is similar to P. holerorum. The syntypic series of P. k a r a m a n i consists of five specimens. We designate a male as lectotype, labelled as follows: Spalato (handwritten, white label) / Typus (printed, red label) / karamani Ws. (handwritten, white label) / Zool. Mus. Berlin (printed, yellow label) / Sintypus (printed, red label) / Pachybrachis karamani Weise, 1893 labelled by MNHUB 2012 (printed, red label). Pachybrachis karamani Weise, 1893 LECTOTYPUS Montagna & Sassi des. (Printed / red label). The remaining paralectotypes are labelled as follows: 2 ♂, 1 ♀: Spalato (handwritten, white label) / Typus (printed, red label) / Zool. Mus. Berlin (printed, yellow label) / Sintypus (printed, red label) / Pachybrachis karamani Weise, 1893 labelled by MNHUB 2012 (printed, red label). Pachybrachis karamani Weise, 1893 PARALECTOTYPUS Montagna & Sassi des. (Printed / red label). Female: Spalato Karam (handwritten, white label) / Karamani det. Burlini 1968 (partly printed, white label) / Zool. Mus. Berlin (printed, yellow label) / Karamani (handwritten, white label) / Typus (printed, red label) / Pachybrachis karamani Weise, 1893 labelled by MNHUB 2012 (printed, red label). Pachybrachis karamani Weise, 1893 PARALECTOTYPUS Montagna & Sassi des. (Printed / red label). Concluding remarks In our study of these Pachybrachis populations, the combination of three different approaches (morphological features of the aedeagus, nucleotide distance values and a method delimiting species based on single-locus molecular data), has provided evidence for a new species and its sister taxon. The results contained in this work strongly confirm the urgent need to increase efforts to uncover the real biodiversity of the European fauna, in particular the Mediterranean region. Acknowledgements We cordially thank Dr. Johannes Frisch and Joachim Willers of the Museum für Naturkunde (Berlin) which give us the opportunity to study the type series of P. k a r a m a n i Weise, 1893. Moreover we thank Dr. Matthias Schöller (Berlin) for the helpful comments, Michele Zilioli of the Museo civico di Storia naturale di Milano for the SEM support, Loris Colacurcio (Bologna) for his precious help during the collecting campaigns, the Editor and two anonymous reviewers for their comments and suggestions to the preliminary version of the manuscript. This work was partially supported by "Accordo di Programma, affermazione in Edolo del Centro di Eccellenza Università della Montagna" MIUR-Università degli Studi di Milano, prot. n. 1293 - 05/08/ 2011.Published as part of Montagna, Matteo, Sassi, Davide & Giorgi, Annamaria, 2013, Pachybrachis holerorum (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cryptocephalinae), a new species from the Apennines, Italy, identified by integration of morphological and molecular data, pp. 243-253 in Zootaxa 3741 (2) on pages 248-252, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3741.2.3, http://zenodo.org/record/22264
Paisagens, retratos e quadros: o Planalto Catarinense em Bulha D'Arroio e Amigo Velho
No full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Comunicação e Expressão. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Literatura.A presente dissertação configura, sob o viés da descrição e do descritivo, a leitura de fragmentos textuais selecionados dos livros de contos Bulha d´Arroio, de Tito Carvalho, publicado em 1936, e Amigo Velho, de Guido Wilmar Sassi, publicado em 1957. Objetiva-se identificar nas descrições o paisagismo geográfico, o universo humano e cultural capazes de representar o cotidiano da terra e da gente do Planalto de Santa Catarina em dois momentos históricos, econômicos e sociais diferenciados. Pretende-se, em primeiro lugar, verificar de que maneira a topografia, dominada pelo elemento "terra", está representada nos textos de ambos os escritores; em segundo, constatar a forma pela qual o descritivo e a descrição desenham as características físicas e psicológicas das personagens que integram o universo humano dos textos ficcionais selecionados; na seqüência, comprovar de que modo são usados os recursos da técnica descritiva nos quadros de usos e costumes mais significativos da cultura da região e, por último, tecer questionamentos e reflexões em torno das confluências e divergências entre os fragmentos descritivos presentes nos textos ficcionais de ambos os escritores
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