1,721,220 research outputs found

    Essential and current methods for a practical approach to comparative neuropathology

    Full text link
    The understanding of mechanisms that provoke neurological diseases in humans and in animals has progressed rapidly in recent years, mainly due to the advent of new research instruments and our increasing liability to assemble large, complex data sets acquired across several approaches into an integrated representation of neural function at the molecular, cellular, and systemic levels. Nevertheless, morphology always represents the essential approaches that are crucial for any kind of interpretation of the lesions or to explain new molecular pathways in the diseases. This mini-review has been designed to illustrate the newest and also well-established principal methods for the nervous tissue collection and processing as well as to describe the histochemical and immunohistochemical staining tools that are currently most suitable for a neuropathological assessment of the central nervous system. We also present the results of our neuropathological studies covering material from 170 cases belonging to 10 different species of mammals. Specific topics briefly addressed in this paper provide a technical and practical guide not only for researchers that daily focus their effort on neuropathology studies, but also to pathologists who occasionally have to approach to nervous tissue evaluation to answer questions about neuropathology issues

    Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis

    Full text link
    The present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed

    What’s new in Thyroid tumor classification, the 2017 World Health Organization Classification of Tumours of Endocrine Organs

    No full text
    This chapter presents a brief summary and an overview of the main changes in the classification of thyroid tumors in the 4th edition of the World Health Organization (WHO) Classification of Tumours of Endocrine Organs published in 2017. The important topic of the diagnostic categories of follicular-patterned nodules with borderline histopathological features for a diagnosis of carcinoma covered in the 4th edition of the WHO book represents the main focus of this chapter in order to provide the context for other chapters of this volume that also cover the topic

    Variations on the Author

    Full text link
    “Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship

    Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis

    Full text link
    We provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
    corecore