1,720,961 research outputs found
[Assistance procedures in the perinatal period that condition breast feeding at the time of discharge from the hospital]
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Neonatal tuberculosis: an experience that teaches
No full textObjective: This study reports on an experience following contact by a large number of newborn babies with a nurse infected by active tuberculosis (TB). Methods: A large number of newborn babies were checked for possible contact with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) using interferon-gamma tests (IGTs) to determine specific treatment. Results: One hundred and seven infants showed a positive IGT positive and were not affected by active TB. All were treated with anti-tubercular drugs and were followed-up for 1 year. None of the infants developed active TB and all infants showed normal tuberculin skin tests and chest-x-rays, as well as IGT results at the end of treatment. Conclusions: Our experience suggests that newborns are at low risk of infection after contact with a nurse with active TB. IGTs can be used to assess possible contact with MTB and to determine a reduced number of infants to treat
Transient evoked otoacoustic emissions (TEOAEs) in new-borns: normative data
Full text linkObjective: Early diagnosis and rehabilitation of congenital hearing loss are mandatory in order to achieve a satisfactory linguistic and cognitive development. A universal hearing screening in order to identify congenital hearing losses before 3 months of age is required. Methods: TEOAEs are an easy to perform, short lasting, not invasive and low-cost test with a high sensitivity. 320 at term new-borns (640 ears) without any risk factor for hearing loss underwent TEOAEs. The new-borns were screened 3 days after birth. Those who failed the first test were retested when possible before the discharge from the hospital. ABR was performed 3 months later in cases who failed TEOAE. Results: The median TEOAE sampling time was 98 s, the median test duration was 14 min. The mean stimulus amplitude was 80 dB peSPL in the left ear and 81 dB peSPL in the right ear, noise levels within the external meatus during sampling were 44 dB SPL on the right ear and 43 dB SPL on the left one, noise contained within the response (A-B difference) was 8.65 dB SPL in the left ear and 8.74 dB SPL in the right ear, mean TEOAEs amplitudes were 21.49 dB SPL and 21.78 dB SPL in the right and left ear respectively, the mean lower and upper limit of the spectrum being 678 and 5720 Hz. According to these criteria 494/640 ears (77.2%) passed the test at the first recording, while TEOAEs resulted to be absent in 146/640 ears (22.8%). A retest was performed successfully before the discharge from the Hospital in 30/640 ears (4.7%). An ABR recording within the third month of life was scheduled as out-patient in the 58 new-borns (116 ears, 18.2%) who failed the test. 18 of them (36 ears, 5.6%) did not complete the program, 19 new-borns (38 ears, 11.8%) showed a normal ABR, while two new-borns (four ears, 0.6%) failed ABR after 3 months. A second ABR performed after 6 months was normal. Conclusions: TEOAEs recording seems at now the test of choice for a universal hearing screening. However, a greater standardization of criteria both in performing the test and in evaluating the results is needed
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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