340 research outputs found
U of M Professor and Author Brenda Child featured during annual Ice Cream Social on Wed., Aug. 15, 2012
No full textTollefson, Elizabeth. (2012). U of M Professor and Author Brenda Child featured during annual Ice Cream Social on Wed., Aug. 15, 2012. Retrieved from the University Digital Conservancy, https://hdl.handle.net/11299/222897
Susan M. Wilczynski, Brenda Smith Myles, James T. Brett discuss Autism: Looking Beyond Cause and Cure at the Ford Hall Forum, audio recording, 10/29/2009
No full textThe United States has seen a consistent increase in the number of children diagnosed with autism, with one out of every 150 children now affected by the disorder. What does science tell us about effective treatments? What resources are available for children with autism? How can we best support our friends and neighbors who are impacted by this complex and often misunderstood disorder? Susan M. Wilczynski, Ph.D., BCBA, Executive Director of the National Autism Center, and Brenda Smith Myles, Ph.D., author and consultant with the Ziggurat Group, join James T. Brett, President & CEO of the New England Council and current chair of the Governor’s Commission on Developmental Disabilities, to discuss how to address this urgent public health issue.https://dc.suffolk.edu/fhf-av/1081/thumbnail.jp
Mutations in the Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. salmonicida type III secretion system affect Atlantic salmon leucocyte activation and downstream immune responses
No full textDeletion mutants of Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. salmonicida were used to determine the effect of the type three secretion system (TTSS) on Atlantic salmon anterior head kidney leucocytes (AHKL). One strain had a deletion in the outer membrane pore gene, ascC; and the other in three effector genes: aopO, aopH and aexT (we call this strain Δaop3). Host cell invasion success and 24h survival were depressed in ΔascC, as was 24h survival of Δaop3, when compared to the wild type strain. Challenge of AHKLs with A449 or TTSS mutants stimulated expression of the inflammatory mediators IL-8, IL-1 and TNFα at two bacterial concentrations (A600 0.1, 0.01). Expression of IL-12 was not stimulated in ΔascC challenged cells, whereas A449 and Δaop3 challenge resulted in an up-regulation of IL-12 in AHKLs, 2- and 4-fold higher than PBS, respectively. Only the wild type strain elicited a significant increase in IL-10 expression (5.5× at A600 0.1). Inducible nitric oxide synthetase (iNOS) and arginase (I+II) genes were also significantly up-regulated upon exposure to all strains. However, iNOS:arginase ratio was elevated in the effector mutant challenge. These results suggest that A. salmonicida subsp. salmonicida may enhance survival within the host cell through polarization of macrophages/leucocytes to an alternative, rather than classical, activation state. Furthermore, the short-term survival and lack of T-cell signalling cytokine stimulation in ΔascC, may help explain its inefficiency at providing protection to subsequent wild type challenge.ID: S1050464809002988; M3: Article; Accession Number: S1050464809002988; Author: Mark D. Fast (a, ∗); Author: Brenda Tse (b); Author: Jessica M. Boyd (c); Author: Stewart C. Johnson (d); Affiliation: School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-5000, USA; Affiliation: Department of Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada; Affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada; Affiliation: Pacific Biological Station, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Nanaimo, British Columbia, Canada; Keyword: Aeromonas salmonicida; Keyword: Type three secretion system; Keyword: Atlantic salmon; Keyword: SHK-1; Keyword: Gene expression; Keyword: Inflammation; Keyword: Activation; Keyword: Interleukin-1β; Keyword: (IL-1β); Keyword: Interleukin-10; Keyword: Interleukin-12; Number of Pages: 8; Language: English;Source type: Electronic(1
It’s not child’s play: the impact of SES and urbanicity on access to recess
No full textCurrent trends towards increased accountability in public education have taken a toll on the opportunity for unstructured play time and recess breaks that are offered to elementary students during the school day (Barros, Silver, & Stein, 2009; Daly, 2006; Henley, McBride, Milligan, & Nichols, 2007). The demands on teachers and administrators to provide measureable progress towards curriculum standards has put pressure to increase time on task and to augment instructional time within an already overloaded school day. The current trend in education to increase reliance on standardized testing, coupled with federal mandates such as No Child Left Behind (NCLB), have created an atmosphere where testing results are paramount to determinations of success (Bracey, 1991; Dylan, 2010). During the school day, recess provides the opportunity for unstructured play and provides for a break from high demand, regimented classroom tasks (Dills, Morgan, & Rotthoff, 2011; Pellegrini & Bohn, 2005; Pellegrini & Davis, 1993). Unstructured play allows a child to recognize important relationships regarding cause and effect and manipulation of their environment; it serves to strengthens gross and fine motor skills (Ramstetter, Murray, & Garner, 2010; Zygmunt-Fillwalk, Bidello, & Evanko 2005; McKenzie & Kahan, 2008) and gives children the opportunity to develop social skills and interpersonal relationships (Sumpner & Blatchford, 1998). There is an opportunity for educational research that provides insight into the benefits of recess and how socioeconomic factors affect access to recess opportunities in school. Access to recess was examined using a Multiple Linear Regression Analysis in the context of socioeconomic and locale variables. Findings indicated that access to recess opportunities and the benefits associated with recess correlate to specific local and socioeconomic variables.Ed. D.Includes bibliographical referencesBrenda M. Tirabassi Sofiel
Pianolatria in Cafelândia: Mário de Andrade's "Social Evolution of Music in Brazil," an Annotated Translation
No full textThis dissertation is an annotated translation from Portuguese to English of the essay "Evolução Social da Música no Brasil" ("Social Evolution of Music in Brazil"), published in 1939 by Mário Raul de Morais Andrade (1893-1945). I approached the translation keeping in mind that Mário de Andrade's linguistic style has an important function and carries in itself a meaning. Andrade was in search of the flow and tone of the authentic "Brazilian" idiom, and my translation seeks to impart the literary experience of his colorful and rich writing in Portuguese. I have concluded that this may bring the reader closer to the mindset of the author. In my annotations, I work in detail aspects that Andrade's text alluded to, and also discuss the intellectual foundations of the author. My methodology was to read the same texts that Andrade read, as well as writings by other intellectuals of the Brazilian modernist movement, of which he was a major figure. In addition, I analyzed musical pieces by composers of his generation. My conclusion is that composers who were Andrade's contemporaries radically changed their musical orientations after their encounters with him. In this sense, Andrade's essay represents today a primary source of study on the history of Brazilian music and ethnomusicology. I also found in his text a rhetoric that favors aspects that resonate with the modernist's nationalism. I argue that, when writing the essay, Andrade was not only stimulated by a modernist nationalist agenda but also prescribed it. My research has revealed that Andrade's essay figures among the earliest examples in literature on music to promote the inclusion of Afro-Brazilians as an equal part in the formation of Brazilian culture (with Native Indians and European immigrants). In this sense, Andrade's proposition of nationalism promoted a unique modernist challenge to the classical music establishment. I conclude that the essay has also played an important social and intellectual role in the formation of Brazilian music epistemology. Dissertation directed by Associate Professor Brenda M. Romero.</p
Pianolatria in Cafelândia: Mário de Andrade's "Social Evolution of Music in Brazil," an Annotated Translation
No full textThis dissertation is an annotated translation from Portuguese to English of the essay "Evolução Social da Música no Brasil" ("Social Evolution of Music in Brazil"), published in 1939 by Mário Raul de Morais Andrade (1893-1945). I approached the translation keeping in mind that Mário de Andrade's linguistic style has an important function and carries in itself a meaning. Andrade was in search of the flow and tone of the authentic "Brazilian" idiom, and my translation seeks to impart the literary experience of his colorful and rich writing in Portuguese. I have concluded that this may bring the reader closer to the mindset of the author. In my annotations, I work in detail aspects that Andrade's text alluded to, and also discuss the intellectual foundations of the author. My methodology was to read the same texts that Andrade read, as well as writings by other intellectuals of the Brazilian modernist movement, of which he was a major figure. In addition, I analyzed musical pieces by composers of his generation. My conclusion is that composers who were Andrade's contemporaries radically changed their musical orientations after their encounters with him. In this sense, Andrade's essay represents today a primary source of study on the history of Brazilian music and ethnomusicology. I also found in his text a rhetoric that favors aspects that resonate with the modernist's nationalism. I argue that, when writing the essay, Andrade was not only stimulated by a modernist nationalist agenda but also prescribed it. My research has revealed that Andrade's essay figures among the earliest examples in literature on music to promote the inclusion of Afro-Brazilians as an equal part in the formation of Brazilian culture (with Native Indians and European immigrants). In this sense, Andrade's proposition of nationalism promoted a unique modernist challenge to the classical music establishment. I conclude that the essay has also played an important social and intellectual role in the formation of Brazilian music epistemology. Dissertation directed by Associate Professor Brenda M. Romero.</p
Ecosystem services justice : the emergence of a critical research field
No full textAltres ajuts: acords transformatius de la UABUnidad de excelencia María de Maeztu CEX2019-000940-MEcosystem services justice is an emergent research field. Over the past decade, research on ecosystem services has increasingly developed a justice perspective and incorporated it into its conceptual and empirical frameworks. This perspective aims at providing a review of the emergent strands of research addressing ecosystem services justice, and at creating an outlook on future research needs and frontiers. The review departs from central critiques to the ecosystem service approach, which have been foundational for the research field of ecosystem services justice. To be precise, we address three different research strands on which justice issues arise. First, ecosystem services production, considering the (increasing) commodification of ecosystem services, the concentration of ecosystem services production assets and the role of trade-offs in production capacities. Second, the distribution of ecosystem services benefits under the aspects of unequal vulnerabilities, the consideration of accessibility and individual's capabilities to obtain ecosystem services. Third, the recognition of ecosystem services pluralisms, including socially differentiated forms of wellbeing, plural values and knowledge concerning ecosystem services. While ES justice has strongly advanced from a scientific perspective, we are still lacking a stronger reflection of these advances in practice. Future research, we argue, needs to develop holistic procedural frameworks for integrating the complexity of ecosystem services justice, addressing the ecosystem services production under consideration of historic inequalities, the distribution of ecosystem services benefits with respect to people's diverse needs, vulnerabilities, and capabilities, as well as diverse wellbeing-, value-, and knowledge-systems. The social-ecological understanding of ecosystem services co-production, which recognizes the dynamic and reciprocal relationship between humans and ecosystems, is identified as a crucial framing for this endeavor
Power/knowledge: The discursive construction of an author
No full textThis article reports the findings of a study examining the social/discursive construction of an author (Brenda Dervin) by an international community of researchers (information behavior researchers). A crucial conceptual starting point for the study was Michel Foucault's work on the discursive construction of power/knowledge. The study represents one attempt to develop a discourse analytic approach to the study of information behavior. The researcher carried out semistructured qualitative interviews, based in part on Dervin's "Life-Line" and "Time-Line" techniques, with fifteen information behavior researchers from eight universities in five countries in Europe and North America. The study's findings provide a case study in how discourse operates at the microsociological level. It provides examples of how community members engage with, accept, and contest both new and established "truth statements" and discursive practices. They demonstrate that both participants' formal and informal information behaviors are the product of discursive power/knowledge relations. © 2007 by The University of Chicago. All rights reserved
Meaning and authority: the social construction of an 'author' among information behaviour researchers
No full textIntroduction. The study explores the social processes that influence the construction by academic (information behaviour) researchers of the meaning/s and significance/s of an author and her work prominent in the literature of their field (Brenda Dervin). Method. Semi-structured qualitative interviews, based in part on the 'Life-Line' and 'Time-line' techniques developed by Dervin and her collaborators. Participants were purposefully sampled to reflect a range of experience levels and conceptual approaches.. Analysis. The study adopted an inductive approach to data analysis, based on the 'constant comparison' approach of Glaser and Strauss. Feedback from participants was sought throughout the analysis process via email. Results. 'Interactions and Relationships' describes the social contacts involved in their construction of the author; 'The Role of Existing Constructions' deals with participants' existing knowledge and understandings; and 'Accepted and Contested Constructions' demonstrates how they drew on their existing constructions in order to accept or contest the constructions of the author conveyed to them Conclusion. Participants' constructive processes involved drawing on their previous experience ('existing constructions') in order to accept or contest the constructions of the author conveyed to them in each new encounter. Participants' constructive processes had two interdependent aspects: the construction of meaning and the construction of authority
Supporting the development of number fact knowledge in five- and six-year-olds
No full textThis paper focuses on children’s number fact knowledge from a study that explored the impact of using multiplication and division contexts for developing number understanding with 34 five- and six-year-old children from diverse cultural and linguistic backgrounds. After a series of focused lessons, children’s knowledge of number facts, including single digit addition, subtraction, and doubles had improved. However, they did not always apply this knowledge to relevant problem-solving situations. The magnitude of the numbers did not necessarily determine the difficulty level for achieving automaticity of number fact knowledge
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