78,117 research outputs found
EFEK ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK DAUN RUI (Harrisonia perforata Merr.) TERHADAP BAKTERI Pseudomonas aeuroginosa
No full textABSTRAK
Latar Belakang : Salah satu tumbuhan yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai obat herbal adalah Harrisonia perforata Merr yang dapat dijumpai di daerah tropis. Di Sulawesi Tengah khususnya kota Palu, Harrisonia perforata Merr dikenal masyarakat lokal dengan nama Rui. Bremmer (1992) melaporkan bahwa tumbuhan ini mempunyai aktivitas antimalaria, serta mengandung senyawa Omenthylalloptaeroxylin, perforatic acid, limonoid dan perforatin. Angka kematian akibat infeksi oleh bakteri Pseudomonas aeruginosa diduga mencapai 50%, tergantung dengan jenis infeksi.
Tujuan : Untuk mengetahui efek antibakteri ekstrak daun Rui (Harrisonia perforata Merr) terhadap bakteri Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Metode : Jenis penelitian ini adalah eksperimental posttest control group only design dengan pengujian aktivitas antibakteri menggunakan metode difusi agar dengan mengukur zona hambat yang terbentuk. Konsentrasi ekstrak daun rui yang diiuji adalah 10%, 25%, 40%, dan 65% dengan Levofloxacin sebagai kontrol positif dan akuades kontrol negatif. Masing-masing perlakuan direplikasi sebanyak empat kali.
Hasil : Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak daun rui (Harrisonia perforata Merr.) dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Pseudomonas aeruginosa pada semua konentrasi yang diujikan. Dari hasil ini diperoleh nilai kadar hambat minimal (KHM) adalah 10%. Hasil uji statistik dengan menggunakan one-way ANOVA didapatkan nilai signifikasi p < 0,05 yang berarti terdapat perbedaan signifikan pengaruh ekstrak daun rui yang diberikan kepada bakteri Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Kesimpulan : Ekstrak daun rui (Harrisonia perforata Merr.) memilki efek antibakteri terhadap bakteri Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Kata kunci : Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Harrisonia perforata Merr., antibakteri
ABSTRACT
Background: One of the plants that can be used as an herbal remedy is Harrisonia perforata Merr, which can be found in the tropical areas. In Central Sulawesi, particularly in Palu city, Harrisonia perforata Merr is also known as Rui by the local citizens. Bremmer (1992) reported that this plant have anti malarial activity, as well as compounds containing O-menthylalloptaeroxylin, perforatic acid, limonoid and perforatin. Death rate due to the infection by bacterias is 50%, depending on the type of infection, respectively.
Objective: To determine antibacterial effect in Rui leaf extract (Harrisonia perforata Merr) against Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Methods: This study is a posttest control group only experimental design by using agar diffusion method for anti bacterial activity test and measure the inhibition area. The concentration extract of Rui leaf that tested were 10%, 25%, 40%, 65%, with Levofloxacin as a positive control and distilled water as a negative control. Each the concentration was replicated four times.
Results: The results showed that the extraxt of Rui leaf (Harrisonia perforata Merr.) may inhibit the growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in all concentration tested. Results obtained value of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was 10%. Results of statistical test by using one-way ANOVA significance value of
EFEK ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK DAUN RUI (Harrisonia perforata [Blanco] Merr.) TERHADAP BAKTERI Citrobacter freundii
No full textABSTRAK
Latar Belakang: Di tengah banyaknya jenis obat modern di pasaran, terdapat kecenderungan global untuk kembali ke alam. Salah satu tumbuhan yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai obat herbal adalah Harrisonia perforata (Blanco) Merr., yang dikenal masyarakat Sulawesi Tengah dengan nama Rui. Tumbuhan ini mengandung senyawa fenolik, alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin, dan tanin yang memiliki aktivitas antibakteri. Citrobacter spp. termasuk bagian mikroflora intestinal manusia dan hewan. Dalam genus ini, Citrobacter freundii merupakan bakteri yang paling sering diisolasi dan spesies yang paling resisten antibiotik. Spesies Citrobacter muncul sebagai patogen nosokomial penting, menyebabkan diare dan infeksi lain pada manusia.
Metode: Desain penelitian ini adalah eksperimental laboratorium murni (true experiment) dengan rancangan eksperimen sederhana (posttest only with control group design). Metode ekstraksi yang digunakan adalah metode maserasi. Pengujian aktivitas antibakteri menggunakan metode difusi agar (metode sumur) dengan konsentrasi ekstrak 10%, 25%, 40%, dan 65%, amikasin 2% sebagai kontrol positif dan Na-CMC 1% sebagai kontrol negatif. Masing-masing perlakuan direplikasi sebanyak enam kali.
Hasil: Ekstrak daun Rui dapat menghambat pertumbuhan Citrobacter freundii pada konsentrasi 10%, 25%, 40%, dan 65%. Dari hasil ini diperoleh nilai Kadar Hambat Minimal (KHM) adalah 10% (9,45 mm). Hasil uji statistik menggunakan One Way ANOVA didapatkan nilai signifikansi
Ceremony - Ziqiang Zin, Yan Yan, Zhe Yang
No full textLL.M. graduatesZiqiang Zin, Yan Yan, and Zhe Yang receive their hoods.https://scholarship.kentlaw.iit.edu/commencement_2013/1064/thumbnail.jp
Spectrometric study of condensed phase species of thorium and palladium-based modifiers in a complex matrix for electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry
No full textThe chemical and morphological transformations of condensed phase species of a thorium-based modifier were studied over the temperature range 200–2500 °C, without and with the presence of aluminium and silicon as matrix components, and in some instances, arsenic as an analyte element. A similar study was also conducted with palladium as the modifier, for comparison. Results were derived using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive (ED) X-ray spectrometry, Raman microanalysis and attenuated total reflectance (ATR) Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) spectrometry. Comparable results were found using pyrolytic and non-pyrolytic graphite platforms, with processes occurring at slightly higher temperatures on the pyrolytic graphite platform. With thorium as the modifier, metal oxides were the predominant species on the platform surface at relatively low temperatures (<1500 °C), whereas metal phases became prevalent at high temperatures, when thorium and aluminium tended to behave independently from one other. Some spatial variations in the composition of the salt residues on different regions of the platform were observed (from the region closest to the slot in the tube, to the region furthest from the slot). Nonetheless, thorium metal remained on the graphite platform to higher temperatures than did aluminium metal. In the presence of arsenic, the existence of mixtures of thorium and arsenic oxides, just before the appearance temperature of gas phase arsenic atoms, was confirmed by SEM studies, ED X-ray spectra and Raman microanalysis. This suggests that any modifying effect of thorium on arsenic occurs while the modifier is in the oxide phase rather than in the metal phase. The presence of silicon added as silica, did not influence significantly the thermochemical behaviour of mixtures of thorium and aluminium. However, coexistence of silicon and arsenic oxides at the appearance temperature of the atomic absorption signal of arsenic was obtained, confirming that silicon can act as an internal modifier for arsenic. In the presence of palladium, aluminium exhibited greater interaction with the modifier; consequently, aluminium metal was retained on the platform surface to higher temperatures than thorium, which could explain how interference effects of aluminium on e.g. arsenic are avoided or reduced. Similarly, there was evidence for interaction of palladium and arsenic in the reduced state. However, when aluminium and silicon were present, the transformation of the palladium oxide to the metallic state was affected, which could diminish the modifying benefits of palladium for arsenic in the presence of aluminium
PERANCANGAN VIDEO PROFILE UMKM GRIYA JAHIT ZHE ZHE KELURAHAN KRAMAT NGANJUK
No full textGriya Jahit dan Konveksi Zhe Zhe adalah UMKM yang berlokasi di Nganjuk, dimiliki oleh Bapak Musa Arifin. Mereka bergerak dalam produksi sandang dan konveksi sejak 2008. UMKM ini belum pernah menggunakan media promosi sebelumnya. Untuk mengatasi masalah ini, metode SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats) dan USP (Unique Selling Proposition) digunakan untuk mencari solusi terbaik. Dengan demikian, solusi yang ditemukan adalah membuat video profil yang akan diunggah di kanal YouTube Kelurahan Kramat, Nganjuk. Dengan adanya video profil ini, Griya Jahit dan Konveksi Zhe Zhe diharapkan dapat menjangkau lebih banyak pelanggan dan meningkatkan daya tarik UMKM mereka
這樣學動畫! 從原理,製程到產業,一次完整了解動畫這一行 [Zhe yang xue dong hua! : cong yuan li . zhi cheng dao chan ye, yi ci wan zheng liao jie dong hua zhe yi xing]
No full text這樣學動畫! 從原理,製程到產業,一次完整了解動畫這一行 [Zhe yang xue dong hua! : cong yuan li . zhi cheng dao chan ye, yi ci wan zheng liao jie dong hua zhe yi xing
這樣學動畫! 從原理,製程到產業,一次完整了解動畫這一行 [Zhe yang xue dong hua! : cong yuan li . zhi cheng dao chan ye, yi ci wan zheng liao jie dong hua zhe yi xing]
No full text這樣學動畫! 從原理,製程到產業,一次完整了解動畫這一行 [Zhe yang xue dong hua! : cong yuan li . zhi cheng dao chan ye, yi ci wan zheng liao jie dong hua zhe yi xing
Gender Differences in Cognition among Older Adults in China
No full textIn this paper, the authors model gender differences in cognitive ability in China using a new sample of middle-aged and older Chinese respondents. Modeled after the American Health and Retirement Survey (HRS), the CHARLS Pilot survey respondents are 45 years and older in two quite distinct provinces—Zhejiang a high growth industrialized province on the East Coast, and Gansu, a largely agricultural and poor Province in the West. Their measures of cognition in CHARLS relies on two measures that proxy for different dimensions of adult cognition—episodic memory and intact mental status. They relate both these childhood health measures to adult health and SES outcomes during the adult years. They find large cognitive differences to the detriment of women that were mitigated by large gender differences in education among these generations of Chinese people. These gender differences in cognition are especially concentrated within poorer communities in China with gender difference being more sensitive to community level attributes than to family level attributes, with economic resources. In traditional poor Chinese communities, there are strong economic incentives to favor boys at the expense of girls not only in their education outcomes, but in their nutrition and eventually their adult height. These gender cognitive differences have been steadily decreasing across birth cohorts as the economy of China grew rapidly. Among younger cohorts of young adults in China, there is no longer any gender disparity in cognitive ability.
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