1,882 research outputs found
Comparative genomic and transcriptomic analysis revealed genetic characteristics related to solvent formation and xylose utilization in <it>Clostridium acetobutylicum </it>EA 2018
No full textAbstract Background Clostridium acetobutylicum, a gram-positive and spore-forming anaerobe, is a major strain for the fermentative production of acetone, butanol and ethanol. But a previously isolated hyper-butanol producing strain C. acetobutylicum EA 2018 does not produce spores and has greater capability of solvent production, especially for butanol, than the type strain C. acetobutylicum ATCC 824. Results Complete genome of C. acetobutylicum EA 2018 was sequenced using Roche 454 pyrosequencing. Genomic comparison with ATCC 824 identified many variations which may contribute to the hyper-butanol producing characteristics in the EA 2018 strain, including a total of 46 deletion sites and 26 insertion sites. In addition, transcriptomic profiling of gene expression in EA 2018 relative to that of ATCC824 revealed expression-level changes of several key genes related to solvent formation. For example, spo0A and adhEII have higher expression level, and most of the acid formation related genes have lower expression level in EA 2018. Interestingly, the results also showed that the variation in CEA_G2622 (CAC2613 in ATCC 824), a putative transcriptional regulator involved in xylose utilization, might accelerate utilization of substrate xylose. Conclusions Comparative analysis of C. acetobutylicum hyper-butanol producing strain EA 2018 and type strain ATCC 824 at both genomic and transcriptomic levels, for the first time, provides molecular-level understanding of non-sporulation, higher solvent production and enhanced xylose utilization in the mutant EA 2018. The information could be valuable for further genetic modification of C. acetobutylicum for more effective butanol production.</p
Supplemental Material - Low-dose metformin suppresses hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis via the AMPK/JNK/IL-8 pathway
No full textSupplemental Material for Low-dose metformin suppresses hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis via the AMPK/JNK/IL-8 pathway by Chengwen Zhao, Lu Zheng, Yuting Ma, Yue Zhang, Chanjuan Yue, Feng Gu, Guoping Niu, and Yongqiang Chen in International Journal of Immunopathology and Pharmacology</p
Supplemental Material - Characterizing the inherent activity of urinary bladder matrix for adhesion, migration, and activation of fibroblasts as compared with collagen-based synthetic scaffold
No full textSupplemental Material for Characterizing the inherent activity of urinary bladder matrix for adhesion, migration, and activation of fibroblasts as compared with collagen-based synthetic scaffold by Xiaoyu Tang, Fengbo Yang, Guoping Chu, Xiaoxiao Li, Qiuyan Fu, Mingli Zou, Peng Zhao, and Guozhong Lu in Journal of Biomaterials Applications</p
sj-docx-1-tan-10.1177_17562864221114355 – Supplemental material for Characteristics and trends of globally registered glioma clinical trials in the past 16 years
No full textSupplemental material, sj-docx-1-tan-10.1177_17562864221114355 for Characteristics and trends of globally registered glioma clinical trials in the past 16 years by Xiaofang He, Wenbin Zhao, Jianwen Huang, Jia Xu, Shaoqing Niu, Qun Zhang, Nu Zhang, Huawei Jin and Guoping Shen in Therapeutic Advances in Neurological Disorders</p
Dynamics of magnetic skyrmion clusters driven by spin-polarized current with a spatially varied polarization
No full textMagnetic skyrmions are promising candidates for future information technology. Here, we present a micromagnetic study of isolated skyrmions and skyrmion clusters in ferromagnetic nanodisks driven by the spin-polarized current with spatially varied polarization. The current-driven skyrmion clusters can be either dynamic steady or static, depending on the spatially varied polarization profile. For the dynamic steady state, the skyrmion cluster moves in a circle in the nanodisk, while for the static state, the skyrmion cluster is static. The frequency of the circular motion of skyrmion is also studied. Furthermore, the dependence of the skyrmion cluster dynamics on the magnetic anisotropy and Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction is investigated. Our results may provide a pathway to realize magnetic skyrmion cluster based devices.</p
Influence of ALEC on public education in Oklahoma
No full textThis thesis is preliminary research that has been conducted about the highly influential national organization known as the American Legislative Exchange Council or ALEC, a corporate bill mill. The goal of this preliminary inquiry is to provide more information about the state organization’s influence and activity in shaping Oklahoma’s education system, raise public awareness about its practices, and advocate for more transparency regarding ALEC’s meetings and the legislators who have benefitted from being ALEC members. This preliminary research consists of a review of ALEC’s website, relevant documents, and two interviews including one Oklahoma Education Association (OEA) representative and one elected official who is an ALEC member. Although this topic and organization warrants further investigation, these findings provide insight into the organization, laying the groundwork for future explorations, while also allowing me to practice fieldwork with an organization that tends to operate covertly
Effects of Pipeline Construction on Wetland Ecosystems: Russia-ChinaOil Pipeline Project (Mohe-Daqing Section)
No full textTeacher perception on differentiated instruction and its influence on instructional practice
No full textDifferentiated Instruction is an approach to teaching which meets the diverse academic needs of students by considering learner readiness, interest and learning style. The approach is grounded in the socio-cultural, multiple intelligence and learning style theories. In addition, differentiation is a research based method for meeting the expectations of No Child Left Behind to raise the achievement of all students. Although current literature describes how to best implement differentiated instruction, there is a lack of research describing teacher perceptions on implementing the approach (Subban, 2006; Hall, Strangman, & Meyer, 2003). Thus, it is helpful to examine how teachers understand and perceive the influence of differentiation on instructional practices. The present study utilized the qualitative method of phenomenology to explore teacher perceptions connected to differentiated instruction and the influence of these on instructional practice. The study interviewed 11 intermediate elementary school teachers using interview questions to promote conversational dialogue. The interview questions afforded teachers opportunities to share their thoughts, feelings, and experiences pertaining to differentiated instruction. Data analysis revealed the following themes: 1.) Differentiated instruction is essential in an effective classroom, 2.) differentiated instruction occurs naturally, 3.) in-service professional development influences differentiated instruction, 4.) early schooling influences differentiated instruction, 5.) pre-service professional development influences differentiated instruction, 6.) differentiated instruction is prevalent and 7.) classroom environment conducive to learning. In addition the study found that teachers used the following differentiated instructional strategies: flexible grouping, tiered lessons, literature circles, and curriculum compacting. Consequently, this study supports differentiated instruction as an approach to learning while highlighting the influence of professional development on teachers' use of differentiated instruction
Compare of Science Studies Theory System in China and Foreign Countries Based on Scientometrics
No full textDuring the last 10 years, a new framework of SCIENCE STUDIES Theory System has been formed with the progress of science and technology (S&T). Starting with the research tradition and paradigm, we study the main academic fields, the relative disciplines and focuses of SCIENCE STUDIES with the analytical tools and the methods in Scientometrics. The results of study conclude the following:
l in the applied field, “Science”, “Technology”, “Innovation” and corresponding “S&T Policy and Management” are found in the mainstream;
l in the methodological field, “Webometrics”, “Knowledge Mapping and Visualization Technology”, which are the advanced domains, have developed greatly;
l in the theoretical field, scholars and scientists start to focus on the interaction of Science-Technology-Innovation, the evolution of some disciplines in natural science and the theory of cooperation in S&T.
Basing on the above, the construction of SCIENCE STUDIES Theory System in the new century is discussed
Responses of super rice (Oryza sativa L.) to different planting methods for grain yield and nitrogen-use efficiency in the single cropping season
No full textTo break the yield ceiling of rice production, a super rice project was developed in 1996 to breed rice varieties with super high yield. A two-year experiment was conducted to evaluate yield and nitrogen (N)-use response of super rice to different planting methods in the single cropping season. A total of 17 rice varieties, including 13 super rice and four non-super checks (CK), were grown under three N levels [0 (N0), 150 (N150), and 225 (N225) kg ha ] and two planting methods [transplanting (TP) and direct-seeding in wet conditions (WDS)]. Grain yield under WDS (7.69 t ha) was generally lower than TP (8.58 t ha). However, grain yield under different planting methods was affected by N rates as well as variety groups. In both years, there was no difference in grain yield between super and CK varieties at N150, irrespective of planting methods. However, grain yield difference was dramatic in japonica groups at N225, that is, there was an 11.3% and 14.1% average increase in super rice than in CK varieties in WDS and TP, respectively. This suggests that high N input contributes to narrowing the yield gap in super rice varieties, which also indicates that super rice was bred for high fertility conditions. In the japonica group, more N was accumulated in super rice than in CK at N225, but no difference was found between super and CK varieties at N0 and N150. Similar results were also found for N agronomic efficiency. The results suggest that super rice varieties have an advantage for N-use efficiency when high N is applied. The response of super rice was greater under TP than under WDS. The results suggest that the need to further improve agronomic and other management practices to achieve high yield and N-use efficiency for super rice varieties in WDS
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