1,233 research outputs found
Area law from loop quantum gravity
Get PDFWe explore the constraints following from requiring the area law in the entanglement entropy in the context of loop quantum gravity. We find a unique solution to the single-link wave function in the large j limit, believed to be appropriate in the semiclassical limit. We then generalize our considerations to multilink coherent states, and find that the area law is preserved very generically using our single-link wave function as a building block. Finally, we develop the framework that generates families of multilink states that preserve the area law while avoiding macroscopic entanglement, the space-time analogue of "Schrödinger's cat." We note that these states, defined on a given set of graphs, are the ground states of some local Hamiltonian that can be constructed explicitly. This can potentially shed light on the construction of the appropriate Hamiltonian constraints in the LQG framework
Epanerchodus stylotarseus Chen & Zhang 1990
No full text<i>Epanerchodus stylotarseus</i> Chen & Zhang, 1990 <p>Figs 22–23.</p> <p> <i>Epanerchodus stylotarseus</i> Chen and Zhang, 1990: 406, figs 1–6.</p> <p> <i>Epanerchodus stylotarseus—</i> Golovatch <i>et al.</i>, 2007: 87, fig. 27; 2012: 134, figs 10–11; Golovatch, 2014a: 275, 287. <b>Material examined</b>: 9 males, 3 females (SCAU) from China, Guizhou Province, Liupangshui City, Pan County, Banqiao Town, Houshan Dong Cave, 8.VII.2013; 3 males (SCAU) from the same town, Da Dong Cave, 8.VII.2013; 5 males, 4 females (SCAU) from the same town, Biyun Dong Cave, 9.VII.2013, colls: Mingyi Tian, Weixin Liu, Haomin Yin and Sunbin Huang. 3 males, 2 females (SCAU) from Guizhou Province, Ceheng County, Rongdu Village, Qiaoxia Dong Cave, 26.XII.2012, colls: Mingyi Tian, Weixin Liu, Feifei Sun and Haomin Yin. 3 males, 1 female (SCAU) from the same village, Hetou Dong Cave, 20.VI.2015; 3 males, 1 female (SCAU) from Xingren County, Chunzhai Village, Yingtao Dong Cave, 21.VI.2015, colls: Mingyi Tian, Weixin Liu, Xinhui Wang and Mingruo Tang. 2 males, 3 females (SCAU) from Guizhou Province, Liupanshui City, Shuicheng County, Yushe Town, Dishui Dong Cave, 5.VIII.2015; 2 males, 3 females (SCAU) from Pan County, Dashan Dong Cave, 6.VIII.2015; 5 males, 13 females (SCAU) from Pan County, Shenyun Dong Cave, 6.VIII.2015, colls: Mingyi Tian and Jingli Cheng.</p> <p> <b>Notes</b>: This species has been recorded from four caves in Guanling County, Guizhou Province. The new material was collected from caves in the same province, but in its southwestern part. The new specimens agree closely with the original description (Chen and Zhang 1991).</p>Published as part of <i>Liu, Weixin & Golovatch, Sergei, 2018, The millipede genus Epanerchodus Attems, 1901 in continental China, with descriptions of seven new cavernicolous species (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Polydesmidae), pp. 53-84 in Zootaxa 4459 (1)</i> on pages 76-78, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4459.1.2, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/1458336">http://zenodo.org/record/1458336</a>
Interface of ultrafine grained Al/Mg multilayered disks prepared by high pressure torsion
No full textAl alloys and Mg alloys are the two lightest metallic structural materials. Apart from the low density and the corresponding high specific strength and specific modulus, Al alloys possess a high thermal conductivity, electrically conductivity and corrosion resistance; whilst pure Mg is one third lighter than pure Al and has good damping capacity. Al/Mg multilayered materials, when processed to obtain sound interfaces, may combine the advantages of both Al and Mg and find many applications in industry. In this paper, commercially pure Al and Mg were employed to fabricate ultrafine grained Al/Mg multilayered composites by high pressure torsion (HPT) at room temperature. The bonding quality was examined by OM, SEM+EBSD and FIB+TEM. Vacancy concentration was characterized by positron annihilation. Hardness distribution in the cross section of the interface was characterized by micro-Vickers hardness and Nano-indentation. A thin layer of Mg17Al12 was observed at the interface of Mg/Al disks in contrast to a very thick layer of Al3Mg2 and a relatively thin layer of Mg17Al12 at the interface of diffusion-bonded Mg/Al at high temperatures
Beryllium-7 activity concentration in plants on the Loess Plateau, China
No full textThe activity concentration of beryllium-7 ((7)Be), a naturally occurring cosmogenic radionuclide produced in the upper atmosphere, was measured in plants on the Loess plateau of China during the growing season of 2005. The (7)Be mass activity concentration on July 27 ranged from 34.8 to 147.1 Bq kg(-1) in herbaceous plants, from 47.6 to 116.1 Bq kg(-1) in subshrubs, and from 15.7 to 56.8 Bq kg(-1) in crop plants. The (7)Be mass and areal activity concentrations of a mixture of herbaceous plants increased from 66.8 to 288.7 Bq kg(-1) and from 0.7 to 46.5 Bq m(-2), respectively, during the growing season. On an areal basis, the fraction of (7)Be in plants in the soil-plant system increased from 0.4 to 8.4% during the growing season. Positive linear correlations were found between the increases of (7)Be mass and areal activity concentrations in the inter-sampling intervals and the amount of precipitation
Coupling between flexible ship and liquid sloshing using potential flow analysis
No full textThe significant increase in demand for Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) and the economic aspects of its transportation resulted in increases in the number and size of LNG carriers. One of the design issues for LNG carriers is the sloshing phenomenon because containment systems widely used nowadays have no internal structures. Furthermore, because the weights of ship and cargo are comparable and ship operators want more flexible operations allowing partial fillings in tanks, the coupling effect between ship motions and sloshing requires further investigation, including the effect of ship distortion.The previous study on coupling between rigid body and sloshing shows good agreement between methods of prediction and measurements[1,2]. Hence, in this paper the potential flow approach adopted for the coupling effect between rigid body ship motion and sloshing is extended to flexible ship-partially filled tank system, using the de-singularised Rankine source method. In this case, the global deflection of the flexible ship is used for application of the body boundary condition on the partially filled tank. The aim of this paper is to investigate the influence of hull flexibility on the hydrodynamic forces and moments associated with liquid sloshing and vice versa, as well as the dynamic characteristics (e.g. resonance frequencies) of the whole system. As there are no experimental results available, the method is validated by comparing hydrodynamic forces from sloshing obtained using rigid and flexible body approaches. The coupling effect between flexible ship and sloshing in partially filled tanks is investigated for an idealized LNG Carrier in beam regular waves, considering different partial filling scenarios
Arterial Aging and Age-Associated Arterial Diseases
No full textThis eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contac
Hyleoglomeris rhinoceros Liu & Tian, 2015, sp. n.
No full textHyleoglomeris rhinoceros sp. n. Fig. 3. Material examined. Holotype male (SCAU), China, Guizhou, Qixinan Zizhizhou, Anlong County, Dushan Town, Cave Xiniu Dong, 25 ° 18 ’ 54.10 ’’N, 105 ° 35 ’ 29.55 ’’E, 1024 m, 27.XII. 2012, leg. Tian Mingyi, Liu Weixin, Sun Feifei, Yin Haomin. Paratypes. 2 males, 1 female (SCAU), same locality, together with holotype. Etymology. To emphasize the provenance of this species cave “Xiniu”, in Chinese meaning “ rhinoceros ”; noun in apposition. Diagnosis. Keys out as H. albicorporis Zhang & Zhang, 1995 (see Golovatch et al. 2012), but differs in male leg telopodite 17 being 3 -segmented, the central lobe of telopod syncoxite rather high and linguiform, combined with a curved tip of the caudomedial femoral process which supports a large membranous sac, and a small lobe in the middle on the caudal face. Description. Length of both sexes ca 4.5 –7.0 mm, width 3.5 –5.0 mm. Coloration entirely pallid. Ocelli at least 4 + 1, translucent, barely visible. Tömösváry’s organ transverse-oval, only slightly wider than long. Antennomere 6 ca 2.0– 2.2 times as long as wide. Collum with two transverse striae. Thoracic shield with a broad hyposchism, the latter reaching up to caudal tergal margin; 6 transverse striae, 2 (3) starting below, one level to, 2 (3) above schism, 2 striae (never the 4 th to 6 th from below) crossing the dorsum. Pygidium of both sexes slightly concave medially at caudal margin. Male leg 17 (Fig. 3 A) with a high and irregularly shaped outer coxal lobe; telopodite 3 -segmented, tarsus with two subapical spines. Male leg 18 (Fig. 3 B) with an arch-shaped syncoxital notch, occasionally coxae with two apical spines; telopodite 4 -segmented. Telopods (Fig. 3 C) with a rather high, linguiform, sparsely setose, central syncoxital lobe flanked by two setose horns, each latter crowned with a small lobule supplied with an adjacent mesal setoid filament (Fig. 3 D). Prefemur and femur faintly micropapillate laterally. Prefemur with a well-developed frontomedial trichostele. Femur with a smaller frontomedial trichostele. Caudomedial femoral process prominent, densely setose, tip curved, supporting a large membranous sac, and a small lobe in the middle on the caudal face. Tibia with a strong distomedial seta, caudomedial process present; a distinct, papillate tubercle at base on caudal face. Tarsus rather strongly sigmoid, narrowly subacuminate apically. Remark. In this new species, not only male pygidium, but also the female one is slightly concave medially at the caudal margin. Based on the entirely unpigmented tegument and ocelli, this species is likely to be a troglobite.Published as part of Liu, Weixin & Tian, Mingyi, 2015, A checklist of millipede genus Hyleoglomeris Verhoeff, 1910 in mainland China, with descriptions of seven new species (Diplopoda, Glomerida, Glomeridae), pp. 103-116 in Zootaxa 4032 (1) on page 107, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4032.1.5, http://zenodo.org/record/24453
Increased aortic calpain-1 activity mediates age-associated angiotensin II signaling of vascular smooth muscle cells.
Get PDFAngiotensin II (Ang II) signaling, including matrix metalloproteinase type II (MMP2) activation, has been linked to an age-associated increase in migration capacity of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC), and to other proinflammatory features of arterial aging. Calpain-1 activation is required for MMP2 expression in fibroblasts and is induced in cardiomyocytes by Ang II. The consequences of engagement of calpain-1 with its substrates, however, in governing the age-associated proinflammatory status within the arterial wall, remains unknown.The present findings demonstrate that transcription, translation, and activity of calpain-1 are significantly up-regulated in rat aortae or early-passage aortic VSMC from old (30-mo) rats compared to young (8-mo). Dual immunolabeling of the arterial wall indicates that colocalization of calpain-1 and Ang II increases within the aged arterial wall. To further explore the relationship of calpain-1 to Ang II, we chronically infused Ang II into young rats, and treated cultured aortic rings or VSMC with Ang II. We also constructed adenoviruses harboring calpain-1 (CANP1) or its endogenous inhibitor calpastatin (CAST) and infected these into VSMC. Ang II induces calpain-1 expression in the aortic walls in vivo and ex vivo and VSMC in vitro. The Ang II mediated, age-associated increased MMP2 activity and migration in VSMC are both blocked by calpain inhibitor 1 or CAST. Over-expression of calpain-1 in young VSMC results in cleavage of intact vimentin, and an increased migratory capacity mimicking that of old VSMC, which is blocked by the MMP inhibitor, GM6001.Calpain-1 activation is a pivotal molecular event in the age-associated arterial Ang II/MMP2 signaling cascade that is linked to cytoskeleton protein restructuring, and VSMC migration. Therefore, targeting calpain-1 has the potential to delay or reverse the arterial remodeling that underlies age-associated diseases i.e. atherosclerosis
Aortic calpain-1 increases with aging, activates matrix metalloproteinase II, and promotes vascular smooth muscle cell migration
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