1,720,954 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Therapie und Outcome des Status epilepticus bei Patientinnen und Patienten mit primären Hirntumoren und Hirnmetastasen: Vergleich zweier Studienkohorten an den Universitätskliniken Marburg und Frankfurt am Main
No full textIm Zeitraum zwischen Januar 2011 und Dezember 2017 wurden in Form einer
retrospektiven, multizentrischen Kohortenstudie an den beiden Studienzentren
Universitätsklinikum Marburg und Universitätsklinikum Frankfurt am Main Daten zu
Patientinnen und Patienten erhoben, die aufgrund eines primären oder sekundären
Hirntumors einen Status epilepticus erlitten. Dabei wurden die beiden Studienkohorten
auf Patientenmerkmale, Eigenschaften des Status epilepticus, seiner Behandlung und des
Outcomes für die Betroffenen untersucht und im Rahmen dieser vorliegenden Arbeit
miteinander auf ihre Gemeinsamkeiten und Unterschiede verglichen. Die Marburger
Studienkohorte setzte sich aus 57, die Frankfurter Studienkohorte aus 151 Patientinnen
und Patienten zusammen.
In der Kohorte des Studienzentrums Universitätsklinikum Marburg mit Frauenanteil von
56,1 % und signifikant höherem Alter von durchschnittlich 66,3 Jahren zeigte sich auch
ein signifikant vorteilhafteres Tumorprofil mit 31,6 % an Patientinnen und Patienten mit
hauptsächlich benignen intrakraniellen extraduralen Tumoren. Entsprechend boten hier
mit 52,6 % weniger der Betroffenen einen Tumorprogress und mit 61,4 % mehr der
Patientinnen und Patienten einen guten körperlichen Funktionsstatus bei Aufnahme
gemessen anhand der modifizierten Rankin Skala. In der Kohorte des Studienzentrums
Frankfurt am Main bestand bei Männeranteil von 53,6 % und durchschnittlichem Alter
von 59,7 Jahren ein entsprechend ungünstiges Tumorprofil mit 61,6 % der Patientinnen
und Patienten, die an einem diffusen Gliom litten. Daher boten hier 64,5 % der
Betroffenen einen Tumorprogress und nur 55,0 % einen guten körperlichen
Funktionsstatus bei Aufnahme. Anhand der bestehenden Komorbiditäten jenseits der
Hirntumorerkrankung zeigten beide Kohorten idealerweise keinen Unterschied, bei
jeweils rund zwei Drittel der Patientinnen und Patienten (68,4 % und 69,5 %) bestand ein
vorteilhafter Charlson Komorbiditäts-Index und damit kein erhöhtes Sterblichkeitsrisiko.
Die auf der aktuellen Fachliteratur basierenden Annahmen, dass das Risiko für einen
tumorassoziierten Status epilepticus sich proportional zum Hirntumor-Grad verhält und
eher als Hinweis für einen Tumorprogress auftritt, konnten in beiden Kohorten bestätigt
werden. Mit dem höheren Alter, dem signifikant höheren Anteil an Patientinnen und
Patienten ohne vorbestehende Epilepsie (52,6 % vs. 33,8 %) und dem größeren
zusammengelegten Anteil an refraktären und superrefraktären Fällen (57,9 % vs. 53,0 %)
in der Marburger Kohorte, lässt sich teilweise auch der signifikant niedrigere Anteil an
Patientinnen und Patienten mit einer vorteilhaften Prognose bezüglich des Outcomes
anhand des Status epilepticus Severity Scores von 73,7 % vs. 88,7 % in der Frankfurter
Kohorte erklären. Trotz des höheren Anteils an nicht refraktären Fällen in der Frankfurter
Kohorte (47,0 % vs. 42,1 %) waren hier mit durchschnittlich 3,7 vs. 3,2 mehr
Therapieschritte bis zur Durchbrechung des Status epilepticus notwendig. Auch hatten in
dieser Kohorte die Patientinnen und Patienten vor und signifikant nach erfolgtem Status
epilepticus eine höhere Anzahl an anfallssuppressiven Medikamenten erhalten als in der
Marburger Kohorte (durchschnittlich 1,6 vs. 1,4 Medikamente davor und 2,4 vs. 1,8
Medikamente danach), was Ausdruck eines höher antizipierten Risikos für erneute
Anfallsgeschehen aufgrund von vorbestehender Epilepsie, ungünstigerem Tumorprofil
und höherem Anteil an Patientinnen und Patienten mit Tumorprogress sein kann.
Nach erfolgtem Status epilepticus kam es in beiden Kohorten gleichermaßen zu einem
deutlichen Einbruch des körperlichen Funktionsstatus: Mit 68,4 % in der Marburger
Kohorte und 71,5 % in der Frankfurter Kohorte boten nun mehr als zwei Drittel der
Betroffenen nur noch einen eingeschränkten Funktionsstatus anhand der modifizierten
Rankin Skala. Bei ungünstigerem Tumorprofil und größerem Anteil an Patientinnen und
Patienten mit Tumorprogress in der Frankfurter Kohorte verstarben hier während des
stationären Aufenthaltes prozentual fast doppelt so viele Betroffene wie in der Marburger
Kohorte (19,9 % vs. 10,5 %). War darüber hinaus die Kurzzeitmortalität nach 30 Tagen
in beiden Kohorten noch im mittleren Bereich (17,5 % in der Marburger Studienkohorte
und 26,5 % in der Frankfurter Studienkohorte), so kam es zu einer massiven Zunahme
der 1-Jahres-Mortalitätsraten in beiden Kohorten mit 57,9 % in der Marburger Kohorte
und 68,9 % in der Frankfurter Kohorte. Denkbar ist, dass der erlittene Status epilepticus
über den deutlichen Einbruch des körperlichen Funktionsstatus im Zusammenwirken mit
der eingeschränkten hirntumorassoziierten Prognose langfristig zu einer erhöhten
Mortalität beiträgt.Between January 2011 and December 2017, we conducted a comprehensive
retrospective, multicenter cohort study at the two study centers, University Hospital
Marburg and University Hospital Frankfurt am Main. We collected data on patients who
suffered status epilepticus due to a primary or secondary brain tumor. The two study
cohorts were examined for patient characteristics, characteristics of status epilepticus, its
treatment, and the outcome for those affected. We then compared the cohorts to identify
similarities and differences, ensuring a thorough analysis. The Marburg study cohort
consisted of 57 patients and the Frankfurt study cohort of 151 patients.
In the cohort from the University Hospital Marburg study center, with a 56.1 % share of
women and a significantly higher average age of 66.3 years, there was also a significantly
more advantageous tumor profile with 31.6 % of patients with mainly benign intracranial
extradural tumors. Accordingly, 52.6 % fewer of those affected had tumor progression,
and 61.4 % more patients had a good physical functional status as measured by the
modified Rankin Scale. In the cohort of the Frankfurt am Main study center, with a male
proportion of 53.6 % and an average age of 59.7 years, there was a correspondingly
unfavorable tumor profile, with 61.6 % of patients suffering from diffuse glioma. As a
result, 64.5 % of those affected had tumor progression, and only 55.0 % had a good
physical functional status on admission. Based on the existing comorbidities beyond the
brain tumor disease, both cohorts ideally showed no difference, with around two-thirds
of patients (68.4 % and 69.5 %) having a favorable Charlson Comorbidity Index and thus
no increased mortality risk.
The assumptions based on the current specialist literature that the risk of tumor-associated
status epilepticus is proportional to the degree of brain tumor and is more likely to occur
as an indication of tumor progression was confirmed in both cohorts. The higher age, the
significantly higher proportion of patients without pre-existing epilepsy (52.6 % vs. 33.8
%), and the larger combined proportion of refractory and super refractory cases (57.9 %
vs. 53.0 %) in the Marburg cohort also partly explain the significantly lower proportion
of patients with a favorable prognosis with regard to outcome based on the status
epilepticus severity score of 73.7 % vs. 88.7 % in the Frankfurt cohort. Despite the higher
proportion of non-refractory cases in the Frankfurt cohort (47.0 % vs. 42.1 %), more
treatment steps were necessary here until status epilepticus was terminated, with an
average of 3.7 vs. 3.2. The patients in this cohort had also received a higher number of
seizure-suppressive drugs before and significantly after status epilepticus than in the
Marburg cohort (on average 1.6 vs. 1.4 drugs before and 2.4 vs. 1.8 drugs after), which
may reflect a higher anticipated risk of recurrent seizures due to pre-existing epilepsy, a
less favorable tumor profile and a higher proportion of patients with tumor progression.
After status epilepticus, there was a significant drop in physical functional status in both
cohorts: at 68.4 % in the Marburg cohort and 71.5 % in the Frankfurt cohort, more than
two thirds of those affected now only had a limited functional status based on the modified
Rankin Scale. With a less favorable tumor profile and a larger proportion of patients with
tumor progression in the Frankfurt cohort, almost twice as many patients died during their
inpatient stay as in the Marburg cohort (19.9 % vs. 10.5 %). Furthermore, while short-
term mortality after 30 days was still in the medium range in both cohorts (17.5 % in the
Marburg study cohort and 26.5 % in the Frankfurt study cohort), there was a massive
increase in 1-year mortality rates in both cohorts, with 57.9 % in the Marburg cohort and
68.9 % in the Frankfurt cohort. It is conceivable that the status epilepticus suffered
contributes to increased mortality in the long term via the significant decline in physical
functional status in conjunction with the limited prognosis associated with the brain
tumor
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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