1,720,959 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Effekte einer Hyperlipidämie
No full textNeurovascular remodeling has been recently recognized as a promising target for neurologic therapies. Hopes have emerged that, by stimulating vessel growth, it may be possible to stabilize brain perfusion, and at the same time promote neuronal survival, brain plasticity, and neurologic recovery. However, the key question remained whether increased vessel density leads to an increase in CBF, promoting recovery. Many studies in the recent past have demonstrated the beneficial effects of therapeutic angiogenesis but had minimum benefits for patients when translated into the clinics. Evaluation of readouts which are less relevant clinically and usage of animal models which sub-optimally mimic clinical situations might be responsible for these discrepancies.
In order to understand whether the concept of induced angiogenesis is feasible from a pathophysiological point of view, we evaluated the temporal profile of capillary formation, after treating mice with VEGF and observed that new vessel formation indeed results in increased CBF and preservation of the brain energy state. Additionally, long term VEGF therapy rendered neuroprotection and better preservation of the BBB integrity. Evaluation of pericyte coverage confirmed the production of physiologically active vessels after VEGF therapy. Due to the potent, pleiotropic effects, VEGF might be a promising candidate for stimulating new vessel formation.
Hyperlipidemia affects at least half the population of stroke patients while most of the experimental investigations are done in young and healthy animals with an intact vasculature. By utilising ApoE-/- mice that exhibit exacerbated atherosclerosis we show that hyperlipidemia compromises new vessel formation resulting in decreased CBF and disruption of brain metabolism after focal cerebral ischemia. Additionally, hyperlipidemia increased matrix disaggregation and counteracted pericyte coverage by decreasing N-cadherin expression. Our data underlines the necessity for experimental stroke investigations utilising clinically relevant animal models that also mimic risk factors such as hyperlipidemia so as to minimise the number of study failures.Die Modulierung der neurovaskulären Einheit ist seit kurzem als interessantes Ziel therapeutischer Eingriffe erkannt worden. Hoffnungen wurden geweckt, dass durch eine Stimulation der Gefäßproliferation sowohl die zerebrale Perfusion wie auch der post-ischämische Gewebeschaden und die funktionelle Einschränkung nachhaltig verbessert werden können. Dennoch bleibt die zentrale Frage, inwiefern eine erhöhte Gefäßdichte den zerebralen Blutfluss (CBF) und die post-ischämische Regenerierung tatsächlich positiv beeinflusst. Eine Vielzahl von Studien konnte unter experimentellen Bedingungen einen positiven Einfluss der stimulierten post-ischämischen Angiogenese beobachten. Ein erfolgreicher translationaler Ansatz dieses Konzeptes in die Klinik ist jedoch nach wie vor nicht gezeigt worden, welches u. a. Folge von nicht geeigneten Untersuchungsparametern bzw. inadäquaten tierexperimentellen Modellen ist.
Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit war es daher zu verstehen, inwiefern das Konzept der induzierten Angiogenese einer pathophysiologischen Betrachtung des ischämischen Schlaganfalls Rechnung trägt. Wir evaluierten daher zunächst das temporale Profil der intrazerebralen Kapillarbildung nach vorausgegangener Behandlung von Mäusen mit VEGF. Es konnte beobachtet werden, dass eine VEGF-induzierte stimulierte Angiogenese nicht nur mit einem erhöhten CBF sondern auch mit einer Konservierung des Energiehaushaltes im Gehirn einhergeht. Des Weiteren ließ sich nach VEGF Behandlung eine Neuroprotektion und eine erhöhte Integrität der Blut-Hirn-Schranke beobachten. Die Analyse des Perizyten-Kontaktes bestätigte die Generierung von physiologisch aktiven Gefäßen nach VEGF Therapie. In Folge dessen scheint VEGF aufgrund seiner pleiotropen Effekte ein vielversprechender Kandidat zur Stimulation der Gefäßneubildung zu sein.
Obwohl Hyperlipidämie wenigstens die Hälfte aller Schlaganfallpatienten betrifft, werden herkömmliche Arbeiten auf dem Gebiet der Grundlagenforschung immer noch an jungen und gesunden Nagern durchgeführt. Unter Verwendung von ApoE-/- Mäusen, welche eine vermehrte Atherosklerose entwickeln, konnten wir zeigen, dass Hyperlipidämie selbst die post-ischämische Gefäßformation und damit den CBF und das Ausmaß der Gewebeschädigung negativ beeinflusst. Darüber hinaus führte Hyperlipidämie zu einer verstärkten Disaggregation der extrazellulären Matrix und wirkte der Perizytenanlagerung durch eine reduzierte N-Cadherin Expression entgegen. Diese Daten untermauern die Notwendigkeit von Modellen in der experimentellen Schlaganfallforschung, welche klinisch relevante Parameter wie eine Hyperlipidämie abbilden
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
- …
