1,720,956 research outputs found
The microbiome of bats
No full textŠišmiši su jedini leteći sisavci, pa kao takvi imaju vrlo specifične prilagodbe. Vrlo su dinamične i pokretljive vrste, a kako bi mogli letjeti, potrebno je bilo izgubiti na masi. Gubitkom mase izgubili su i određen dio genoma. Zbog gubitka dijelova genoma razvijena je mogućnost zaraze patogenima, ali bez upale. Zbog toga šišmiši mogu biti vrlo nezgodni jer bez simptoma prenose bolesti na druge vrste, kao što se pokazalo u raznim pandemijama uzrokovanim koronavirusima (SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2).U ovom je radu opisan život šišmiša i njihove navike, opisan je mikrobiom šišmiša koji je još nedovoljno opsežno istražen i navedeni su neki patogeni koji mogu biti štetniji za druge vrste nego za njih same. Šišmiši predstavljaju vrlo interesantne organizem koji se po raznim karakteristikama razlikuju od ostalih sisavaca i stoga bi trebali biti opsežnije istraženi.Bats are the only flying mammals, taking that into account, they have very specific adaptations. They are very dynamic and active, but, in order to fly, they had to lose weight. With losing weight, they lost a part of their genome. Because they lost parts of their genome, they created a possibility to get infected by pathogens, but without the inflammation. Because of this, bats can be very inconvinient, as they transmit pathogens onto other species without showing signs of infection themselves, like it was shown with different pandemics caused by coronaviruses (SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2). In this work, we described the life of a bat and his habits, the microbiome that is unfortunately, still insufficiently explored, and we listed some pathogens that can be more harmful for other species, than bats. Bats represent a very interesting organism, which doesnt follow the norm set by the other mammals, and being like that, they should be more thoroughly explore
Analysis of mitochondrial genome in patients with severe COVID-19
No full textCijeli svijet je zahvaćen pandemijom virusa SARS-CoV-2 koji uzrokuje bolest COVID-19. To
je uzrokovalo širok spektar društvenih problema poput zdravstvenih i financijskih. Stoga se
ovaj rad usredotočio na pronalazak novih metoda detekcije te otkrivanja rizičnih čimbenika iz
aspekta mitohondrijskog genoma. Mitohondriji su često zahvaćeni virusnim infekcijama i zbog
toga se postavlja pitanje postoji li mitohondrijska makrohaplogrupa koja svoje nositelje stavlja
pod veći rizik od razvijanja težih simptoma. Korištenjem naprednog sekvenciranja, analizirani
su uzorci mitohondrijske DNA zaraženih osoba oboljelih od teških simptoma. Nije dobivena
statistički važna distribucija makrohaplogrupa u usporedbi s uzorcima opće populacije
Republike Hrvatske. Osim distribucije makrohaplogrupa provjerena je prisutnost nesinonimnih
mutacija i heteroplazmijskih mutacija, ali ni tamo nisu dobiveni podatci koji uvelike odstupaju
od opće populacije Republike Hrvatske. Otkrivene su izrazito malo istražene mutacije koje se
u budućnosti trebaju detektirati u drugim istraživanjima kako bi se mogla provesti detaljna
analiza učinka tih mutacija na mitohondrijske proteine. Unatoč manjku novih otkrića,
analizirani uzorci su izrazito vrijedni zbog vremenskog razdoblja u kojemu su prikupljeni te
mogu dati korisne podatke u budućim studijama.The entire world has been caught in the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, which causes COVID-19. It
caused a wide spectrum of social problems ranging from financial to public health issues.
Because of this, the master thesis focused on discovering new methods of detecting the virus
and discovering new risk factors regarding the mitochondrial genome. Mitochondria are
commonly targeted by viral infections and because of this the question becomes, are some
mitochondrial macrohaplogroups more susceptible to developing more severe symptoms.
Using advanced sequencing, we have analysed the mitochondrial DNA samples of patients with
severe COVID-19. There was no statistical significance detected regarding the distribution of
macrohaplogroups compared to the samples of the general population in Croatia. Besides the
distribution of macrohaplogroups we also analysed non-synonimous mutations and
heteroplasmic mutations. There was also no significant difference detected in that regard. We
found some mutations that have never been described and have to be detected in different
studies in order to conduct a thorough analysis on their impact on the mitochondria. Despite
there being no new discoveries, these samples are very valuable because of the time period they
were obtained in and these results can prove to be very helpful in future studie
Analysis of mitochondrial genome in patients with severe COVID-19
No full textCijeli svijet je zahvaćen pandemijom virusa SARS-CoV-2 koji uzrokuje bolest COVID-19. To
je uzrokovalo širok spektar društvenih problema poput zdravstvenih i financijskih. Stoga se
ovaj rad usredotočio na pronalazak novih metoda detekcije te otkrivanja rizičnih čimbenika iz
aspekta mitohondrijskog genoma. Mitohondriji su često zahvaćeni virusnim infekcijama i zbog
toga se postavlja pitanje postoji li mitohondrijska makrohaplogrupa koja svoje nositelje stavlja
pod veći rizik od razvijanja težih simptoma. Korištenjem naprednog sekvenciranja, analizirani
su uzorci mitohondrijske DNA zaraženih osoba oboljelih od teških simptoma. Nije dobivena
statistički važna distribucija makrohaplogrupa u usporedbi s uzorcima opće populacije
Republike Hrvatske. Osim distribucije makrohaplogrupa provjerena je prisutnost nesinonimnih
mutacija i heteroplazmijskih mutacija, ali ni tamo nisu dobiveni podatci koji uvelike odstupaju
od opće populacije Republike Hrvatske. Otkrivene su izrazito malo istražene mutacije koje se
u budućnosti trebaju detektirati u drugim istraživanjima kako bi se mogla provesti detaljna
analiza učinka tih mutacija na mitohondrijske proteine. Unatoč manjku novih otkrića,
analizirani uzorci su izrazito vrijedni zbog vremenskog razdoblja u kojemu su prikupljeni te
mogu dati korisne podatke u budućim studijama.The entire world has been caught in the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, which causes COVID-19. It
caused a wide spectrum of social problems ranging from financial to public health issues.
Because of this, the master thesis focused on discovering new methods of detecting the virus
and discovering new risk factors regarding the mitochondrial genome. Mitochondria are
commonly targeted by viral infections and because of this the question becomes, are some
mitochondrial macrohaplogroups more susceptible to developing more severe symptoms.
Using advanced sequencing, we have analysed the mitochondrial DNA samples of patients with
severe COVID-19. There was no statistical significance detected regarding the distribution of
macrohaplogroups compared to the samples of the general population in Croatia. Besides the
distribution of macrohaplogroups we also analysed non-synonimous mutations and
heteroplasmic mutations. There was also no significant difference detected in that regard. We
found some mutations that have never been described and have to be detected in different
studies in order to conduct a thorough analysis on their impact on the mitochondria. Despite
there being no new discoveries, these samples are very valuable because of the time period they
were obtained in and these results can prove to be very helpful in future studie
Analysis of mitochondrial genome in patients with severe COVID-19
No full textCijeli svijet je zahvaćen pandemijom virusa SARS-CoV-2 koji uzrokuje bolest COVID-19. To
je uzrokovalo širok spektar društvenih problema poput zdravstvenih i financijskih. Stoga se
ovaj rad usredotočio na pronalazak novih metoda detekcije te otkrivanja rizičnih čimbenika iz
aspekta mitohondrijskog genoma. Mitohondriji su često zahvaćeni virusnim infekcijama i zbog
toga se postavlja pitanje postoji li mitohondrijska makrohaplogrupa koja svoje nositelje stavlja
pod veći rizik od razvijanja težih simptoma. Korištenjem naprednog sekvenciranja, analizirani
su uzorci mitohondrijske DNA zaraženih osoba oboljelih od teških simptoma. Nije dobivena
statistički važna distribucija makrohaplogrupa u usporedbi s uzorcima opće populacije
Republike Hrvatske. Osim distribucije makrohaplogrupa provjerena je prisutnost nesinonimnih
mutacija i heteroplazmijskih mutacija, ali ni tamo nisu dobiveni podatci koji uvelike odstupaju
od opće populacije Republike Hrvatske. Otkrivene su izrazito malo istražene mutacije koje se
u budućnosti trebaju detektirati u drugim istraživanjima kako bi se mogla provesti detaljna
analiza učinka tih mutacija na mitohondrijske proteine. Unatoč manjku novih otkrića,
analizirani uzorci su izrazito vrijedni zbog vremenskog razdoblja u kojemu su prikupljeni te
mogu dati korisne podatke u budućim studijama.The entire world has been caught in the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, which causes COVID-19. It
caused a wide spectrum of social problems ranging from financial to public health issues.
Because of this, the master thesis focused on discovering new methods of detecting the virus
and discovering new risk factors regarding the mitochondrial genome. Mitochondria are
commonly targeted by viral infections and because of this the question becomes, are some
mitochondrial macrohaplogroups more susceptible to developing more severe symptoms.
Using advanced sequencing, we have analysed the mitochondrial DNA samples of patients with
severe COVID-19. There was no statistical significance detected regarding the distribution of
macrohaplogroups compared to the samples of the general population in Croatia. Besides the
distribution of macrohaplogroups we also analysed non-synonimous mutations and
heteroplasmic mutations. There was also no significant difference detected in that regard. We
found some mutations that have never been described and have to be detected in different
studies in order to conduct a thorough analysis on their impact on the mitochondria. Despite
there being no new discoveries, these samples are very valuable because of the time period they
were obtained in and these results can prove to be very helpful in future studie
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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