180,221 research outputs found
Diabetes-linked zinc transporter ZnT8 is a homodimeric protein expressed by distinct rodent endocrine cell types in the pancreas and other glands
No full textCopyright © 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Background and aimsZinc is abundant in pancreas, being required by endocrine islet cells for hormone secretion and by exocrine acinar cells as pancreatic juice component. ZnT8 is a member of the SLC30A family of zinc transporters whose overexpression in cultured pancreatic beta cells leads to increased insulin secretion in response to glucose, suggesting a possible role in regulating glycemia. ZnT8 was therefore proposed as a therapeutic target for diabetes, and recent genome-wide association studies identified polymorphisms in the ZNT8 gene conferring increased type 2 diabetes risk.Methods and resultsAs limited information was available on the biochemical properties of ZnT8 and on its endogenous expression, we have raised a specific polyclonal antibody and immunostained protein extracts, cell lines and tissue sections. We show that ZnT8 forms a very stable dimer that requires biological membranes to properly assemble. We demonstrate localization of murine ZnT8 to the secretory granules in pancreatic beta and alpha islet cells. Moreover, we show that ZnT8 is also expressed in other secretory cell types, namely the cubical epithelium that lines thyroid follicles and the cortex of the adrenal gland, suggesting a more widespread role in endocrine secretion.ConclusionWe provide novel insights into the features of the ZnT8 transporter, of special relevance in light of its proposed role as therapeutical target for diabetes treatment.C. Murgia, C. Devirgiliis, E. Mancini, G. Donadel, P. Zalewski and G. Perozz
Hypoxia-induced reduction in no signalling as well as increased oxidative stress and inflammation are associated with dysregulated zinc homeostasis in endothelial cells
No full textTran, H., Maiolo, S, Abdo, A, Jacobczak, R, Beltrame, J, Reynolds, P, Zalewski, P, Hodge,
Dysregulation of zinc and s1p signalling in pulmonary artery hypotension is alleviated by bmpr2 upregulation
No full textOral Abstracts TO 051Tran H, Maiolo S, Harper R, Liu H Zalewski P, Reynolds P, Hodge
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Zinc in health and chronic disease
No full textZinc is a trace element essential for the optimal function of a variety of biochemical and physiological processes. Its role in healthy aging is particularly important as it prevents neoplastic cell growth, is involved in mitotic cell division, DNA and RNA repair. Although zinc is widely available in food, the daily intake in many persons may be suboptimal. Other causes of low zinc concentrations may be due to small bowel conditions that cause mucosal damage and thus decrease absorption. Chronic diseases associated with alterations in zinc status are bronchial asthma, rheumatoid arthritis and Alzheimer disease. At present, it is uncertain if therapy with zinc would assist in the management of these chronic diseases. In view of the important cellular functions of zinc in the human body, a diet with an adequate zinc content is beneficial in promoting healthy aging and maintaining good health.Tudor, R., Zalewski, P. D. and Ratnaike, R. N
"Closing the R&D Gap, Evaluating the Sources of R&D Spending"
No full textBoth spending and tax policies have been implemented in the United States with the goal of stimulating private sector research and development (R&D). Karier questions whether current R&D policy, especially the research and experimentation tax credit, can contribute to closing the gap between nondefense expenditures on R&D in the United States and such expenditures in other countries, such as Japan and Germany. He also explores possible changes to our current R&D policy to make it more effective.
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Zinquin Ester - A reagent for the investigation of the role of available Zn(II) in living systems
No full textDavid Ward, Stephen Lincoln, Henry Betts, Peter Zalewski, Ian Forbes, Indumathy Mahadevan, Marc Kimber and Kym Hendricksonhttp://www.springer.com/life+sci/food+science/book/978-0-306-46378-
Letter from R. R. Zellick, Assistant Trust Officer, Anglo California National Bank of San Francisco, to Joseph R. Goodman, October 2, 1942
No full textLetter from R. R. Zellick, Assistant Trust Officer at The Anglo California National Bank of San Francisco, to Joseph R. Goodman, regarding property owned by Dave Tatsuno. Zellick mentions a dispute between current tenants and Tatsuno, and that Tatsuno has asked Goodman to help locate trustworthy tenants.Personal correspondence, organizational records, government documents, publications, and other papers created or collected by Joseph R. Goodman documenting the forced removal and incarceration of Japanese Americans during World War II, as well as organized resistance to incarceration. Included in the collection are records of the Japanese Young Men's Christian Association and the Japanese American Citizens' League in San Francisco, including papers of the Japanese YMCA's executive secretary Lincoln Kanai; Sakai family papers; Goodman's correspondence to and from Japanese American incarcerees, organizations opposing forced removal and incarceration of Japanese Americans, the War Relocation Authority, and others; publications, photographs, and ephemera from the Topaz Relocation Center, where Goodman taught high school; War Relocation Authority records and publications; and newspaper clippings, pamphlets, and reports about forced removal and incarceration created by various government, religious, and civic organizations, in California and nationwide
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