1,720,965 research outputs found
Model-based System Testing of Safety-Critical Embedded Software
No full textSystem-level testing of safety-critical embedded systems is complex and costly. MBT has shown promising results in terms of fault detection effectiveness and efficiency of test generation and execution. However, the industrial adoption of MBT approaches is slow and limited to specific industries and domains. Moreover, the strengths and weaknesses of MBT in industrial settings need to be thoroughly evaluated to find an optimal testing strategy. The objective of this thesis is to adapt, compare, and evaluate the effectiveness and efficiency of MBT to help industrial practitioners in the testing of safety-critical embedded software. We have divided this objective into three subgoals. To achieve the first subgoal, we have explored multiple state-of-the- art MBT tools and evaluated the selected tool, GraphWalker (GW), in terms of modeling notations, generation algorithm, stopping conditions, and model completeness. To achieve the second subgoal, we have proposed a Model-Based Test scrIpt GenEration fRamework (TIGER), based on GW, to generate system-level test artifacts (i.e., test cases and test scripts). Based on the proposed framework, we implemented two test script generation tools for combinatorial testing (CT) and MBT. Finally, to achieve the last subgoal, we performed a comparative analysis between test suites developed using MBT, CT, and manual industrial practices. The results showed that the MBT-generated test suites using the edge coverage criterion tend to cover each requirement multiple times while achieving the same level of requirement coverage as the manually written test suites. Moreover, MBT provided higher Modified Decision and Condition Coverage (MC/DC) than CT and manual testing. On the other hand, CT came out as the most efficient technique in terms of the time required to generate and execute tests as well as achieving the highest fault detection rate with 3-ways and 4-ways interaction strength. Hence, based on the results, we conclude that manual industrial testing will benefit from MBT and CT for improved coverage and fault detection.Testning på systemnivå av säkerhetskritiska inbyggda system är komplext och kostsamt. MBT har visat lovande resultat när det gäller feldetekteringseffektivitet och effektivitet i testgenerering och testutförande. Den industriella utvecklingen av MBT-metoder är dock långsam och begränsad till specifika branscher och domäner. Dessutom måste styrkorna och svagheterna hos MBT i industriella miljöer utvärderas noggrant för att hitta en optimal teststrategi. Syftet med denna avhandling är att anpassa, jämföra och utvärdera effektiviteten hos MBT för att hjälpa industriutövare att testa säkerhetskritisk inbyggd programvara. Vi har delat in detta mål i tre delmål. För att uppnå det första delmålet har vi utforskat flera av de främsta MBT-verktygen och utvärderat det valda verktyget, GraphWalker (GW), i termer av modelleringsnotationer, genereringsalgoritm, stoppförhållanden och modellfullständighet. För att uppnå det andra delmålet har vi föreslagit ett Model-Based Test ScrIpt Generation Framework (TIGER), baserat på GW, för att generera testartefakter på systemnivå (d.v.s. testfall och testskript). Baserat på det föreslagna ramverket implementerade vi två testskriptgenereringsverktyg för kombinatorisk testning (CT) och MBT. Slutligen, för att uppnå det sista delmålet, utförde vi en jämförande analys mellan testsviter utvecklade med MBT, CT och manuell industriell praxis. Resultaten visade att de MBT-genererade testsviterna som använder kanttäckningskriteriet tenderar att täcka varje krav flera gånger samtidigt som de uppnår samma nivå av kravtäckning som de manuellt skrivna testsviterna. Dessutom gav MBT högre Modified Decision and Condition Coverage (MC/DC) än CT och manuell testning. Å andra sidan kom CT ut som den mest effektiva tekniken när det gäller den tid som krävs för att generera och utföra tester samt att uppnå den högsta feldetekteringshastigheten med 3-vägs och 4-vägs interaktionsstyrka. Baserat på resultaten drar vi därför slutsatsen att manuell industriell testning kommer att dra nytta av MBT och CT för förbättrad täckning och feldetektering
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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