247 research outputs found
Folio
No full textPrincipal's Message; Sajjad Zafar Irfani-Editorial. pp. 1; Amar Bin Adil-Article-A Poet's Search for Values. pp. 2-6; Arif A. Khan-Article-The House of God. pp. 7-10; Sajjad Zafar Irfani-Article-On Education. pp. 11-15; Tanvir Mohsin Khan-Essay-Success. pp. 16-17; Muhammad Asif-Ah! Exam. pp. 18-19; Mohayuddin Abu Bakar-Disillusionment. pp. 20-21; Gohar Majid Sheikh-Good Temper. pp. 22-23; Shahid Imtiaz-Poetry-Aspiration of Freedom. pp. 25; Sports: 96th Annual Athletic Championship, February 15-16, 1983. pp. 26-27; Dr. E. J. Sinclair Passes Away. pp. 30-31; Literacy. pp. 32-33; Folio '83 [Urdu-Punjabi]. 199 p.Quaid-e-Azam. after title; Prof Nasim Zakaria, Principal. after Principal's Message; Editors. before editorial; Dr E. J. Sinclair. before page 31; Prof Mir Muhammad Yaquib. after page 33; Department of Political Science. after page 33; Rana Iftikhar Ahmad, President Student Union. after page 33; Members of Student Union. after page 33; Editors (Urdu). before Urdu content
Hydraulic simulations to evaluate and predict design and operation of the Chashma Right Bank Canal
No full textIrrigation systems / Irrigation canals / Flow control / Velocity / Canal regulation techniques / Hydraulics / Simulation models / Design / Operations / Crop-based irrigation / Distributary canals / Water delivery / Policy / Protective irrigation / Water allocation / Water requirements / Sedimentation / Water distribution / Equity / Water conveyance / Pakistan / Chashma Right Bank Canal
Conversion of African Americans to Islam : a sociological analysis of the Nation of Islam and associated groups
No full text'Conversion of African Americans to Islam: A Sociological Analysis of the Nation of
Islam Associated groups' is an empirical study of the religious experience of people
who had/have distinctive features in terms of race, ethnicity and historical experience.
The purpose of this thesis is to demonstrate how African Americans' (AAs) conversion
experience in general, and the Nation of Islam associated groups' conversion in
particular, differ from the studies of recruitment and conversion in the sociology of
religion and New Religion Movements (NRMs). More specifically, their recruitment
and conversion experiences to Islam diverge from those who converted to mainstream
Islam. The study investigates how AAs' historical experience, soci-economic
difficulties and the racism they encountered shaped and influenced their religious
understanding.
Research methods involved participant observations, a survey questionnaire, interviews,
conversations, personal communications and correspondence. To collect ethnographic
data eleven months field research was conducted mainly in the Chicago area and on two
short visits to Detroit, and three years continued communications with Muslim officials
and academics in the area. During the field research and afterwards through personal
communication 181 survey questionnaire responses were received, and 23 Muslim
officials, academics and ordinary Muslims were interviewed through semi-structured,
unstructured interviews, conversation and correspondence.
The thesis begins with a brief history of Islam and Muslims in general and the African
American Muslims (AAMs) in particular. More emphasis is given on the historical
development of the Nation of Islam (NOl). Then in Chapter III, discussions of schisms
in the history of the NOT are examined from sociological perspectives of social and
religious movements. In Chapter IV I aimed to formulate my own perspective to
analyse and study the conversion experiences of AAMs to Islam. I used a multivariate
approach, considering selectively widely held conversion and recruitment theories in the
sociology of the religion. I consider in Chapter V the predisposing conditions for AAMs
that influence their decision-making to join in the NOT, for example, political and
nationalistic sentiments and socio-economic deprivations. In Chapter VI I have applied
different terms to describe their religious experiences, such as conversion, alteration and
reversion. I have analysed further their encounters with the NOT, the methods of
recruitment they used and their major motives for joining the NOT and converting to
Tslam. In the concluding chapters (Chapter VII VTTT) I describe the different responses
of AAMS to Islam following the death of Elijah Muhammad. It is found out that the
Islamic appeal has polarised. While Farakhan's NOT appeared to continue the tradition
and style of the old NOI with the emphasis on nationalistic and socio-economic factors,
Tmam W. D. Mohammed's community turned more to the religious and spiritual aspects
of Tslam. These different approaches led to a polarisation of the appeal of Tslam to
AAMS.
This thesis contributes to knowledge in four key areas; the sociology of religion and
religious movements, the sociology of social and nationalistic movements, religious and
Islamic studies
Biomass for renewable energy production in Pakistan: current state and prospects [Latest Articles]
No full textDiscrimination in Algorithmic Decision Making: From Principles to Measures and Mechanisms
No full textThe rise of algorithmic decision making in a variety of applications has also raised concerns about its potential for discrimination against certain social groups. However, incorporating nondiscrimination goals into the design of algorithmic decision making systems (or, classifiers) has proven to be quite challenging. These challenges arise mainly due to the computational complexities involved in the process, and the inadequacy of existing measures to computationally capture discrimination in various situations. The goal of this thesis is to tackle these problems. First, with the aim of incorporating existing measures of discrimination (namely, disparate treatment and disparate impact) into the design of well-known classifiers, we introduce a mechanism of decision boundary covariance, that can be included in the formulation of any convex boundary-based classifier in the form of convex constraints. Second, we propose alternative measures of discrimination. Our first proposed measure, disparate mistreatment, is useful in situations when unbiased ground truth training data is available. The other two measures, preferred treatment and preferred impact, are useful in situations when feature and class distributions of different social groups are significantly different, and can additionally help reduce the cost of nondiscrimination (as compared to the existing measures). We also design mechanisms to incorporate these new measures into the design of convex boundary-based classifiers.Die Vielzahl der Anwendungen, die Algorithmen immer stärker an Entscheidungsprozessen beteiligen, wächst stetig. Dadurch werden Bedenken über die potenzielle Diskriminierung bestimmter gesellschaftlicher Gruppen aufgeworfen. Die Aufnahme von Nichtdiskriminierungszielsetzungen bei der Gestaltung algorithmischer Entscheidungs- bzw. Klassifizierungssysteme hat sich jedoch als grosse Herausforderung herausgestellt. Zum einen sind die nötigen Berechnungen komplex und zum anderen sind die existierenden Metriken unzureichend, um Diskriminierung in bestimmten Situationen rechnerisch zu erfassen. Das Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es, diese Problematik anzugehen. Als erstes stellen wir einen Decision Boundary-basierten Kovarianzmechanismus vor, der genutzt werden kann, um existierende Diskriminierungsmetriken (also Disparate Treatment und Disparate Impact) beim Entwurf von gängigen Klassifizierungsalgorithmen einzusetzen. Der Ansatz kann für jeden konvexen Boundary-basierten Klassifizierungsalgorithmus in Form konvexer Constraints formuliert werden. Als nächstes definieren wir neue Diskriminierungsmetriken. Unsere erste Metrik namens Disparate Mistreatment kommt in Situationen zum Einsatz, in denen die Referenzdaten nicht zugunsten einer sozialen Gruppe verzerrt sind. Die übrigen beiden Metriken namens Preferred Treatment und Preferred Impact sind für Situationen konzipiert, in denen die Feature- und Klassenverteilungen unterschiedlicher sozialer Gruppen stark voneinander abweichen. Sie können dabei helfen, die Kosten von Nichtdiskriminierung im Vergleich zu bestehenden Metriken zu reduzieren. Wir zeigen ebenfalls, wie diese neuen Metriken in konvexen Boundary-basierten Klassifizierungsalgorithmen genutzt werden können
A reliable, delay bounded and less complex communication protocol for multicluster FANETs
No full textAbstractRecently, Flying Ad-hoc Networks (FANETs), enabling ad-hoc networking between Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) is gaining importance in several military and civilian applications. The sensitivity of the applications requires adaptive; efficient; delay bounded and scalable communication network among UAVs for data transmission. Due to communication protocol complexity; rigidity; cost of commercial-off-the-shelf (COT) components; limited radio bandwidth; high mobility and computational resources; maintaining the desired level of Quality of Service (QoS) becomes a daunting task. For the first time in this research we propose multicluster FANETs for efficient network management; the proposed scheme considerably reduces communication cost and optimizes network performance as well as exploit low power; less complex and low cost IEEE 802.15.4 (MAC) protocol for intercluster and intracluster communication. In this research both beacon enabled mode and beaconless modes have been investigated with Guaranteed Time Slots (GTS) and virtual Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) respectively. The methodology plays a key role towards reserving bandwidth for latency critical applications; eliminate collisions and medium access delays. Moreover analysis ad-hoc routing protocols including two proactive (OLSR, DSDV) and one reactive (AODV) is also presented. The results shows that the proposed scheme guarantees high packet delivery ratios while maintaining acceptable levels of latency requirements comparable with more complex and dedicatedly designed protocols in literature
ANALYSIS OF CHANNEL AND FLOODPLAIN HYDRODYNAMICS AND FLOODING ON THE MISSISSIPPI RIVER
No full textFlooding poses a significant threat to communities, ecosystems, and infrastructure, necessitating acomprehensive understanding of hydrological dynamics for effective mitigation and management. Flood prediction and hydrological modeling stand at the forefront of addressing contemporary challenges in water resources management. Against the backdrop of escalating climate variability and landscape modifications, the accurate prediction of floods becomes paramount. Unprecedented rainfall, changing river discharges, and evolving topographical features contribute to the challenges of predicting and managing floods. This research delves into the complex dynamics of flood modeling, presenting a comprehensive analysis of model performance, sensitivity to key parameters, and the impact of various environmental factors with a focus on the Mississippi River. A highresolution hydrodynamic model was developed and tested using field observations and aerial images of flood inundation extent for the Middle Mississippi River focusing on simulating significant flooding events in 2019, 2018, and 2020. The research establishes the model\u2019s temporal consistency, showcasing its reliability across multiple years. A systematic analysis of model sensitivity to data and mesh resolution, turbulence model choice, and Manning\u2019s roughness on predictive accuracy is reported. The study unravels the complex interplay of increased rainfall, river discharge, and dynamic landscape changes, emphasizing their influence on the precision of flood prediction. Model performance related to the choice of bottom roughness and the varying impacts of different topo-bathy resolutions on location-specific hydrological dynamics are notable observations. The investigation into the effects of levee construction at St. Louis, MO provides valuable insights into the dynamic impact of levees on gauge height and discharge patterns. The research recommends strategies for model optimization, including the meticulous selection of hydrological parameters and enhanced spatial resolution. The need for continuous model refinement and validation against realworld data is stressed. In addition to advancing hydrodynamic modeling and providing practical guidelines for flood management and infrastructure development, the research underscores the significance of collaborative decision-making with stakeholders and a comprehensive understanding of the spatial and temporal dynamics of levee impacts on hydrological processes.Thesis (M.S.)--Michigan State University. Civil Engineering - Master of Science, 2023Includes bibliographical reference
تفسیر المیزان ۔عصر حاضر کی ایک جدید فلسفیانہ تفسیر
No full textTafsīr-ul-Mīzan is by Shia cleric Allama Muhammad Hussain al-Tabatabai (1903-1981), a moderate thinker associated with the contemporary Shia school of thought.
Tafsīr has a special significance among Shia and Sunni scholars due to its scholarly demands. And every just researcher and scholar can benefit from this collection of guidance.
Tafsīr-ul-Mīzan discusses all the topics that are common among contemporary scholars and researchers. These topics are discussed in detail in Tafsīr-ul-Mīzan, such as freedom, social relations, and women's social responsibilities. And rights, issues related to governance in human society, philosophical views on human birth, and imitative aspects of social customs and traditions have been discussed in a very scholarly manner.
In this short article, I have highlighted the author, Tafsīr-ul-Mīzan and its features, and in particular his philosophical discussions. So that it can be beneficial for researchers, teachers, students and the general public
Various messages of Muhammad in Moustapha Akkad’s the message 1977 and Idrus Shahab’s sesungguhnya dialah Muhammad
No full textThis study discusses the comparison of the way disclosure of the Apostle messages through two authors point of view that exist in both research objects with different genre types, namely the film The Message 1977 and the novel Sesungguhnya Dialah Muhammad. Then the Apostle's messages are analyzed according to the views of each author. Researchers used several literary devices to uncover the similarities and differences of the messages conveyed by the characters in the two literary works. The literary devices, such as character, point of view, narrator, figure thinking, dialogue, camera techniques, symbol, allusion, metaphor, scene and action, and the message as a topic of discussion. In this study, to compare the way of message disclosure apostle, researchers used Comparative Literature from Susan Bassnett and Sapardi Djoko Damono as a theory or method to find and comparing similarities and differences in discussion topic. Then in this study also, researchers used several other theories in literary device. This research was formulated into two problems, namely: 1) How are Muhammad's message revealed in movie The Message 1977 and the novel Sesungguhnya Dialah Muhammad? And 2) What are the equation disclosure of message built by the literary device in the movie The Message 1977 and the novel Sesungguhnya Dialah Muhammad? This study aims to find the similarity of messages conveyed from different points of view in the two objects of research. This study also uses a qualitative approach to get a subjective assessment through source of data, data collection techniques, data analysis techniques, time and place. The results of this study, showed that there were some similarities and differences in conveying the message of the apostle. In the film the message is expressed through the character Zaid, Jafar, Bilal, Hamzah, and other companions of the Apostle. While in the novel, the message is expressed through the character of Shaykh Jamaluddin. Then in the two objects this research, shows the similarity of messages delivered using some of the same literary devices.While the difference both of these objects indicate the viewpoint of each delivery
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