1,354,409 research outputs found
Elision of /h, ?/ in the Shirazi Dialect of Persian (SHDP): An Optimality Theory Based Analysis
Get PDFMnogi su se znanstvenici do danas bavili proučavanjem lenicije (oslabljivanja) kao jednog od najučestalijih fonoloških procesa. Elizija (ispuštanje) grkljanika (grkljanskog frikativa /h/ i grkljanskog prekidnika /?/) jedna je od najčešćih fonoloških alternacija u perzijskom Shirazi dijalektu (SHDP) koja je do danas, koliko je znanstvenicima poznato, neistražena. U radu se nastoje opisati činjenice o toj čestoj fonološkoj alternaciji u spomentom perzijskom regionalnom dijalektu te se naglašavaju osnovne razlike u nastupanju tih procesa u Shirazi dijalektu i standardnom perzijskom jeziku (SP). Analiza je rađena prema okviru optimalne teorije (Optimality theory) (McCarthy and Prince 1995., 2001.) prema kojoj su jezični oblici rezultat međudjelovanja prekršivih općih ograničenja. Istraživanjem se pokazalo da su spomenuti procesi brisanja suglasnika u Shirazi dijalektu ograničeni položajem u slogu te su uvjetovani položajem u kodi, između dvaju vokala ili u suglasničkom skupu. Uglavnom se ne ostvaruju u pristupu, iako postoje primjeri u kojima je gubljenje dopušteno i u pristupu naglašenog sloga. Stoga ovo istraživanje Shirazi dijalekt svrstava među jezike koji dopuštaju oslabljivanje u pristupu naglašenog sloga. Spomenuti procesi ispuštanja ne događaju se na početku riječi, a nakon ispuštanja grkljanika uvijek slijedi kompenzacijsko produljivanje (Compensatory lengthening – CL), čak i nakon ispuštanja u pristupu naglašenog sloga.Until recently, many researchers have shown interest in studying lenitions, which are examples of the most common universal types of phonological processes. Elision of laryngeals (glottal fricative /h/ and glottal stop /?/) is one of the most common phonological alternations exhibited in the Shirazi dialect of Persian (SHDP) which to the knowledge of the researchers, has not been studied to date. This paper seeks to provide a description of the facts about this common phonological alternation in the addressed regional dialect of Persian and points out some main differences between the behavior of these processes in SHDP and Standard Persian (SP). The analysis is cast in an Optimal Theoretic (OT) framework (McCarthy and Prince 1995, 2001), which holds that linguistic forms are the outcome of interaction among violable universal constraints. The present study shows that the addressed processes of consonant deletion in SHDP are restricted by syllabic position and are conditioned by coda position, intervocalic position or consonant clusters. They are usually blocked in the onset, but there are cases where reduction is allowed in the onset of the stressed syllable. Thus, the study adds SHDP to the list of languages which permit lenition in the onset of the stressed syllable. The addressed processes of elision are always blocked in word-initial position and laryngeal elision is always followed by Compensatory lengthening (CL), even after deletion from the onset of the stressed syllable
A syntactic and semantic study of the tense and aspect system of modern Persian
Get PDFA survey of previous shcolarship has shown that there is no satisfactory description of the tense and aspect system of Modern Persian. This dissertation is the first attempt to study the syntax and semantics of Modem Persian verb forms in the light of recent discussions of tense and aspect.
This study falls into six chapters. Chapter 0 reviews the literature on the tense and aspect system of Modern Persian and shows that the former treatments of Modern Persian tense-aspect forms are inaccurate and incomprehensive. They are inaccurate in that the characterizations presented therein for some of the Persian verb forms are wrong, and are incomprehensive in that they do not investigate the semantics of all of the Persian verb forms.
Chapter 1 is the study of the syntax of Persian verb forms, with special reference to verb formation.
Chapter 2 discusses the theoretical assumptions and the methodology.
Chapter 3 is an attempt to establish the meanings of the morphological markers of tense, i. e. the past tense marker /-D/ and the non-past tense marker /-0/, and to
investigate the temporal values of Modern Persian verb forms. This chapter defines the meaning of the past tense marker /D/ as indicating that there is a time point
subsequent to the time of the situation referred to which is the deictic centre of the context of the communication, and that of the non-past tense marker /0/ as the absence
of any time point subsequent to the time of the situation. The chapter also establishes that Modern Persian verb forms grammaticalize the semantic notions of anteriority, simultaneity and posteriority. The other major outcomes are as follows: the major tense split in Modern Persian as in many other languages is between the past and the non-past. The Modern Persian perfect forms are tense rather than aspectual categories.
Chapter 4 attempts to assign a single invariant meaning to each of the Modern Persian aspect markers (i. e. mi-, 0-, and be- ), and to investigate their interactions with other categories associated with the verb, i. e. with the categories of tense and Aktionsart. This chapter establishes that Modem Persian has three aspects: the perfective, the imperfective, and the progressive, and that the perfective markers O and be- present the situation referred to as a single unanalysable whole, the imperfective marker mi- presents the situation referred to as continuous at a given time
point, and finally the progressive auxiliary dash. t. oen 'have' presents the situation as in progress at a given time point. The chapter also illustrates that the imperfective and the progressive verb forms simply express the situation referred to as continuous and as in progress at a given time point, and as such are non-committal to the completion vs. the incompletion of the situation in question.
Finally, chapter 5 summarizes the results of the research and presents some notes with regard to the opportunities for further research
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Atish-e Zaban: The Intercultural Musical Language of Sandeep Bhagwati and the Modalities of the Human Voice
No full textThis article is a musical analysis and formal study of Sandeep Bhagwati’s piece, Atish-e Zaban (composed and premiered in 2006). It touches on modalities of composing vocal music and, in particular, aspects of Bhagwati’s methods for creating intercultural encounters and sonic situations. Atish-e Zaban is a comprovisation piece scored for six a capella new music singers based on a series of poems in Urdu by the Pakistani poet, Faiz Ahmad Faiz (1911-1984). This text uncovers layers of Bhagwati’s overall approach to vocal composition, providing an analytic guide for listening and performing, and describing the comprovisation methods used to express the connotations of the poems.Cet article propose une analyse musicale ainsi qu’une étude formelle d’une oeuvre de Sandeep Bhagwati, Atish-e Zaban (composée et créée en 2006), tout en abordant les modalités de composition propres à la musique vocale dont, plus particulièrement, certains aspects spécifiques aux méthodes de Bhagwati quant à la création de rencontres interculturelles et de situations sonores. Atish-e Zaban est une pièce de comprovisation pour six chanteurs de musique nouvelle a capella, basée sur une série de poèmes en ourdou du poète pakistanais Faiz Ahmad Faiz (1911-1984). L’objectif de cet article est de découvrir les différentes facettes de l’approche globale de Bhagwati en matière de composition vocale, de fournir un guide analytique pour l’écoute et l’interprétation, et de décrire les méthodes de comprovisation du compositeur en relation avec les connotations littérales des poèmes
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Author, publisher and bookseller : a tripartite synergy in Nigerian book industry
Get PDFThis work is about the roles of Author, Publisher and Bookseller in Book development in
Nigeria. The paper started by delving into the history of Book Publishing in Nigeria after
which it proceeded by defining who an author, a publisher, and a bookseller is and
expatiated on the indispensable roles of these key actors in Nigerian Book Industry and in
the emerging Information Society. Furthermore, the various constraints to book
development were identified while the paper advised on how the Book Industry can be
further promoted in Nigeria. However, the paper concluded and made recommendations
on how the Book sector can help in enhancing scholarship in the country
The Thursday Murder Club: Launching a megabrand author - a publishing case study
Get PDFIn 2020, the Christmas book charts in the UK made headlines: Barack Obama’s eagerly awaited autobiography, The Promised Land, was beaten to the top spot by The Thursday Murder Club by Richard Osman, a debut cosy crime novel set in a retirement village. Not only did Osman’s book beat the former US president’s expected bestseller, it also broke records, becoming the fastest-selling debut crime novel of all time. Although Osman has a certain level of fame in the UK from his TV appearances on shows such as Pointless, his celebrity status does not entirely explain the novel’s huge sales. This article tracks the acquisition, publication, and promotion journey of The Thursday Murder Club in order to understand the industry and cultural context of its success and to interrogate the role of celebrity in the creation of author brands. The findings suggest that the unexpected scale of the success of the book owed to a number of factors, including in-depth editing by the novel’s agent, editor, and author to tighten up the plot, an extensive and strategic promotional campaign, the pandemic (which drove interest in the book’s genre and themes), and the quality of the writing. We find that the book’s success was accentuated by Osman’s celebrity status rather than being entirely reliant on it. This research adds to the growing scholarship on celebrity authorship by means of an in-depth case study and provides insight into the processes behind publishing a ‘celebrity’ book and launching a megabrand author
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