1,720,987 research outputs found
The challenge of meeting international data collection standards within national constraints: some examples from the fieldwork for PIAAC in Germany
Full text link"The Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies (PIAAC) is an international OECD study that compares key competencies of adults (16-65 years) in the participating countries. In order to obtain high quality data and to ensure equivalence of measurement across countries, the international PIAAC Consortium produced a very detailed and elaborate set of standards and guidelines for all aspects of the national implementations. In Germany, a comprehensive set of measures and procedures was put in place for the PIAAC fieldwork. Some of the international requirements for data collection were not meaningful within the national context and required certain adaptations. This article describes various key fieldwork measures in Germany and discusses how specific measures relate to central international data collection standards. Reflecting on this national experience, some of the possibilities and limitations of national compliance to international standards are discussed." (author's abstract
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Documenting Survey Translation (Version 1.0)
Full text linkSurvey documentation is an integral part of methodically sound survey research. These
guidelines aim at providing the persons coordinating survey translations (e.g., researchers
responsible for survey translation in a larger study, or those wishing to translate and adapt an
existing instrument for their own research) with a framework within which they can plan and
document survey translations both for internal as well as for external purposes (publications or
technical reports). It summarizes different aspects of translation documentation and reviews
elements to be included in such a documentation.Die Dokumentation von Umfragen gehört als zentraler Bestandteil zur Umfrageforschung. Mit dieser Guideline erhalten Personen, die Fragebogenübersetzungen koordinieren (z.B. Wissenschaftler*innen, die für die Übersetzung von Messinstrumenten in einer größeren Studie verantwortlich sind, oder diejenigen, die ein bestehendes Instrument für ihre eigene Forschung übersetzen), Informationen, wie sie diese Übersetzungen sowohl für interne als auch für externe Zwecke (Publikationen oder technische Berichte) planen und dokumentieren können. Die Guideline bietet einen Überblick über verschiedene Arten von Übersetzungsdokumentation und stellt Aspekte vor, die in eine solche Dokumentation aufgenommen werden sollten
Documentation of Face-to-Face Surveys (Version 1.0)
Full text linkDocumentation is an integral element of good scientific practice. Transparent and reproducible research with survey data requires a comprehensive and careful documentation of the data collection process and data processing. This guideline gives an overview of key information on the survey, data collection, and data processing that should be included in the documentation of face-to-face surveys. The guideline is most useful when read and incorporated already in the planning phase of a survey to ensure all relevant information for the final documentation is collected during survey implementation.Dokumentation ist ein integraler Bestandteil guter wissenschaftlicher Praxis. Transparente und reproduzierbare Forschung mit Umfragedaten erfordert eine umfassende und sorgfältige Dokumentation des Datenerhebungsprozesses und der Datenaufbereitung. Diese Survey Guideline gibt einen Überblick über alle wichtigen Informationen zur Studie, zur Datenerhebung und zur Datenaufbereitung, die die Dokumentation einer Face-to-Face-Erhebung beinhalten sollte. Es ist empfehlenswert, den Leitfaden schon während der Planungsphase einer Umfrage zu lesen und zu berücksichtigen. So kann sichergestellt werden, dass alle relevanten Informationen für die endgültige Dokumentation während der Durchführung der Umfrage gesammelt werden
Converting Nonrespondents in PIAAC Germany 2012 Using Responsive Measures
Full text linkUsing paradata to modify design features during fieldwork is the earmark of responsive designs (Groves &
Heeringa, 2006). One objective of responsive approaches is to improve the composition of the final sample by
gaining the participation of nonrespondents. A simple but innovative attempt at realizing such a response
intervention was undertaken during the fieldwork of PIAAC Germany 2012. Different groups of
nonrespondents were identified for follow-up efforts. With a view to the outcome measures of PIAAC, basic
skills of the adult population, two groups were focused: Non-nationals and sample persons with low
educational attainment. To identify these groups, different sources of auxiliary data were used (sampling
frame, interviewer observations, and a commercial vendor database). Non-nationals were identified using
information from the sampling frame. The challenge was to identify sample persons with (presumably) low
levels of education. This was achieved by selecting a set of auxiliary variables, and subsequently using
classification trees to model and predict sample persons with low levels of education. The sample persons
were sent carefully crafted tailored letters during the re-issue phase. Overall, the cost-benefit balance of this
intervention is rather disproportionate: A high level of effort with little apparent impact on the final sample
composition. Nevertheless, this explorative endeavour was worthwhile and informative. In particular, the
model-based prediction of different types of sample persons can be regarded as a promising approach
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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