327 research outputs found
Economic factors affecting obesity: an application in Italy
No full textThe World Health Organization has stated that obesity is spreading around the world like a “global epidemic”. In 2004 the percentage of obese people in the Italian population was 9%, but the trend s increasing in recent years. Focusing on this country, the purpose of the paper is to analyze the socio-economic variables affecting obesity by means of a survey conducted in a consumer sample. Our analysis is based on a survey conducted in Italy, and the sample was composed of 999 consumers. We used a binary logit model and the dependent variable is body mass index (BMI), expressed in a dichotomic way (seriously overweight and obese, value 1, and normal weight, value 0). The results show that the condition of the seriously overweight and obese increases with age, especially in people over 65 of age. Also gender is correlated with the pathology: being seriously overweight and obese is far more likely for men than for women. An inverse relation was shown between obesity and education, and between obesity and the level of food knowledge. The results highlight that disadvantaged social categories are more susceptible to the problem of overweight and obesity. A policy implication of the analysis, to limit the spread of obesity, could lie in programs aimed at improving health and food awareness and focused on these minority groups.economics of obesity, BMI and consumer, logit model, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, Health Economics and Policy,
Author response
No full textDetecting pathogens and mounting immune responses upon infection is crucial for animal health. However, these responses come at a high metabolic price (McKean and Lazzaro, 2011, Kominsky et al., 2010), and avoiding pathogens before infection may be advantageous. The bacterial endotoxins lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are important immune system infection cues (Abbas et al., 2014), but it remains unknown whether animals possess sensory mechanisms to detect them prior to infection. Here we show that Drosophila melanogaster display strong aversive responses to LPS and that gustatory neurons expressing Gr66a bitter receptors mediate avoidance of LPS in feeding and egg laying assays. We found the expression of the chemosensory cation channel dTRPA1 in these cells to be necessary and sufficient for LPS avoidance. Furthermore, LPS stimulates Drosophila neurons in a TRPA1-dependent manner and activates exogenous dTRPA1 channels in human cells. Our findings demonstrate that flies detect bacterial endotoxins via a gustatory pathway through TRPA1 activation as conserved molecular mechanism.sponsorship: Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie Alessia Soldano Luis Franco Guangda Liu Natalia Mora Emre Yaksi Bassem A Hassanr Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek G.0702.12 Alessia Soldano Yeranddy A Alpizar Brett Boonen Alejandro Lopez-Requena Natalia Mora Thomas Voets Rudi Vennekens Bassem A Hassan Karel Talaverar Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek G.0077.15 Alessia Soldano Yeranddy A Alpizar Brett Boonen Alejandro Lopez-Requena Natalia Mora Thomas Voets Rudi Vennekens Bassem A Hassan Karel Talaverar Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek G.0680.10 Alessia Soldano Yeranddy A Alpizar Brett Boonen Alejandro Lopez-Requena Natalia Mora Thomas Voets Rudi Vennekens Bassem A Hassan Karel Talaverar Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek G.0681.10 Alessia Soldano Yeranddy A Alpizar Brett Boonen Alejandro Lopez-Requena Natalia Mora Thomas Voets Rudi Vennekens Bassem A Hassan Karel Talaverar Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek G.0503.12 Alessia Soldano Yeranddy A Alpizar Brett Boonen Alejandro Lopez-Requena Natalia Mora Thomas Voets Rudi Vennekens Bassem A Hassan Karel Talaverar Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek G.0654.15 Alessia Soldano Yeranddy A Alpizar Brett Boonen Alejandro Lopez-Requena Natalia Mora Thomas Voets Rudi Vennekens Bassem A Hassan Karel Talaverar Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek G.0761.10N Alessia Soldano Yeranddy A Alpizar Brett Boonen Alejandro Lopez-Requena Natalia Mora Thomas Voets Rudi Vennekens Bassem A Hassan Karel Talaverar Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek G.0596.12 Alessia Soldano Yeranddy A Alpizar Brett Boonen Alejandro Lopez-Requena Natalia Mora Thomas Voets Rudi Vennekens Bassem A Hassan Karel Talaverar Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek G.0565.07 Alessia Soldano Yeranddy A Alpizar Brett Boonen Alejandro Lopez-Requena Natalia Mora Thomas Voets Rudi Vennekens Bassem A Hassan Karel Talaverar KU Leuven GOA/14/011 Alessia Soldano Yeranddy A Alpizar Brett Boonen Luis Franco Alejandro Lopez-Requena Guangda Liu Natalia Mora Emre Yaksi Thomas Voets Rudi Vennekens Bassem A Hassan Karel Talaverar European Commission IUAP P7/13 Alessia Soldano Yeranddy A Alpizar Brett Boonen Luis Franco Alejandro Lopez-Requena Guangda Liu Natalia Mora Emre Yaksi Thomas Voets Rudi Vennekensr KU Leuven OT/12/091 Alessia Soldano Yeranddy A Alpizar Brett Boonen Luis Franco Alejandro Lopez-Requena Guangda Liu Natalia Mora Emre Yaksi Thomas Voets Rudi Vennekens Bassem A Hassan Karel Talaverar KU Leuven PF-TRPLe Alessia Soldano Yeranddy A Alpizar Brett Boonen Luis Franco Alejandro Lopez-Requena Guangda Liu Natalia Mora Emre Yaksi Thomas Voets Rudi Vennekens Bassem A Hassan Karel Talavera (Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie, Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek|G.0702.12, Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek|G.0077.15, Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek|G.0680.10, Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek|G.0681.10, Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek|G.0503.12, Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek|G.0654.15, Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek|G.0761.10N, Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek|G.0596.12, KU Leuven|GOA/14/011, KU Leuven|OT/12/091, European Commission|IUAP P7/13, KU Leuven PF-TRPLe)status: Publishe
Regenerative Surgery with Dental Implant Rehabilitation in a Haemophiliac Patient
No full textThis study aimed to describe the first case of regenerative surgery in haemophiliac implant. Patients with haemophilia often present dental problems. A multidisciplinary approach is suggested in case of dental surgeries to reduce the high bleeding risk. A 41-year-old male patient with mild haemophilia A (FVIII 8.4%), presenting previous epistaxis, noncomplicated tooth extractions and traumatic haemartroses, all treated with single infusions of coagulation factor concentrates, was referred to the dental clinic of the Padua University Hospital based on the recommendation of his attending dentist. At first dental visit the patient reported intense pain in the right lower second molar, with impaired chewing function. After an endodontic unsuccessful treatment the element was judged as no longer recoverable. In agreement with the patient the dental element was then extracted, after a combined administration of recombinant factor VIII 3000 IU (35 IU/kg), and tranexamic acid 1,000 mg. The extraction was performed under local anaesthesia, paraperiosteal and truncular, moderate sedation, elevation of an envelope flap. After extraction, a preservation of the alveolus was carried out with bovine matrix bone graft covered with a resorbable membrane. Three months after the surgery a flapless implant was placed after a single infusion of factor VIII 2000 IU, tranexamic acid 1,000 mg, and a local para-periostal anaesthesia, without any complication. Oral surgeon and haematologist expert in coagulation diseases must therefore collaborate together to define a shared protocol for managing surgery in those patients
Levofloxacin Versus Ciprofloxacin-Based Prophylaxis during the Pre-Engraftment Phase in Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Pediatric Recipients: A Single-Center Retrospective Matched Analysis
No full textInfectious complications are the most common and significant cause of mortality and morbidity after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Antibacterial prophylaxis in pediatric cancer patients is a controversial issue. Our study compared the outcomes of levofloxacin versus ciprofloxacin prophylaxis in allogeneic HSCT pediatric recipients treated for hematological malignancies. A total of 120 patients received levofloxacin prophylaxis, and 60 patients received ciprofloxacin prophylaxis. Baseline characteristics such as age, gender, primary diagnosis, type of conditioning, donor type, stem cell source, and supportive care of the patients were similar, and duration of antibiotics prophylaxis was similar. Both prophylaxis regimens demonstrated the same efficacy on the risk of febrile neutropenia and severe complications such as sepsis, the same rate of overall mortality, hospital readmission, and length of hospital stay. Levofloxacin prophylaxis was associated with significantly lower cumulative antibiotic exposure. The median of Gram-positive infection-related antibiotic days was 10 days in the levofloxacin group versus 25 days in the ciprofloxacin group (p < 0.0001). The median of Gram-negative infection-related antibiotics was 10 days in the levofloxacin group compared with 20 days in the ciprofloxacin group (p < 0.0001). The number of days with body temperature ≥38 °C was significantly less in the levofloxacin group (p < 0.001)
HER2 status in sinonasal intestinal-type adenocarcinoma
No full textGiven that the prognosis of patients with sinonasal intestinal-type adenocarcinoma (ITAC) has not significantly changed recently, there is a desire for new therapeutic approaches to improve clinical management. HER2-targeted therapy has remarkably improved the overall survival of patients with HER2 amplified tumors. To date, HER2 assessment has produced contradictory results in ITAC. The aim of this study was to assess HER2 status at both protein and DNA levels in a large series of ITAC. HER2 status was assessed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and chromogenic in situ hybridization (CISH) in forty-three patients that underwent surgical resection for ITAC at the Otorhinolaryngology Section, Padua University Hospital, between 2007 and 2016. IHC was evaluated using the four-tier score developed for gastroesophageal cancer. As for IHC, 83.7% (36/43) of ITAC were scored 0, 14% (6/43) 1+, and 2.3% (1/43) 2+. No HER2 amplification was detected by CISH. The present is the largest study of sinonasal ITAC tested with both IHC and CISH confirmation for HER2 status. No HER2 overexpression/amplification was detected. Contrary to previous studies, our findings seem to rule out any oncogenetic role of HER2 in ITAC pathogenesis
A scale for assessing Italian schools and classes inclusiveness
No full textIl contributo presenta in dettaglio le procedure di costruzione e validazione di uno
strumento per valutare i processi inclusivi riferiti ai contesti scolastici, chiamato “Scala di
Valutazione dei Processi Inclusivi”. Frutto del lavoro congiunto svolto dagli autori, la Scala
si pone come uno strumento valutativo e autovalutativo utile a consentire da un lato, la
realizzazione di specifiche forme di misurazione e, dall’altro, la promozione di processi di
riflessione sugli indicatori di qualità dell’educazione inclusiva, per contribuire alla
progettazione e alla regolazione in itinere del progetto educativo della scuola e della classe.
Lo strumento, anche nella sua versione digitale, consente di pianificare ricerche, che
possono raccogliere evidenze in grado di avvalorare l’organizzazione scolastica italiana di
full inclusion
Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment: Imaging Assessment
No full textAt present, oncologic imaging is crucial for clinical decision-making [...]
Copyleft & internauti pirati. Editoriale di Engramma 222
No full textThis issue of Engramma, titled Copyleft & internauti Pirati, critically examines the contemporary state of digital resource accessibility, the economic and legal frameworks governing knowledge infrastructures, and advocates for the unrestricted dissemination of knowledge. The editorial introduces the pirate as a symbol of resistance against traditional legal confines, drawing upon Carl Schmitt’s The Nomos of the Earth. The issue opens with two contributions that outline the theoretical and militant framework. Peppe Nanni, in ©Tutti i diritti riservati. Proprio tutti?Per un diritto costituente, critiques the contradictions of copyright in digital spaces, calling for a foundational rethinking of law; Engramma Open Access. Aperta origine by the Engramma editorial board, outlines the journal’s long-standing commitment to genuine, non-institutional open access.The issue is then divided in three sections: “Invenzione”, “Chiusura”, “Apertura”. The Section “Invenzione” presents Riprodurre il patrimonio culturale. Quando l’abuso diventa (la) regola in which Mirco Modolo traces the historical control over artistic reproduction; Lorenzo Gigante in Per un’iconografia della noia. Dal Cinquecento al meme: i notai e la xilografia, tra appropriazione e trasgressione explores early visual appropriation by notaries as a proto-meme culture; Maurizia Paolucci in A Tale of Two Misfits. The Sabbath/Shabbat across William Hogarth’s A Harlot’s Progress Series examines copyright’s origins via Hogarth’s fight against pirate copies; Bernardo Prieto presents the volume Yan Thomas, Il valore delle cose, Quodlibet [2002] 2022 with critical glosses. The section “Chiusura” includes Giorgiomaria Cornelio’s No logo? Sul plagio e la vita dei segni, da Melania Trump ai magazzini criminali del Medioevo, a reflection on the irreducibility of signs to ownership; in Il potere segreto. Wikileaks e la digitalizzazione dell’informazione Alessandro Visca interviews Stefania Mauriz about WikiLeaks, Assange, and freedom of information; Museums and the Enclosure of the Public Domain in the Digital Age by Douglas McCarthy denounces digital restrictions by museums on public domain art; Barbara Pasa in Piracy Shield, diritto d’autore e monopoli intellettuali: il caso italiano reconstructs Italy's anti-piracy system as reinforcing monopolies and limiting cognitive justice; in Note su alcune aperture giurisprudenziali al principio del “libero utilizzo” e sugli effetti nelle culture del riuso, Alessia Brandoni explores the jurisdictional horizons supporting creative reuse and transformative citation. In the section “Apertura”, Copyright e Copyleft nell’era dell’intelligenza artificiale. Scenari tecnologici e risposte normative, by Alessandro Del Ninno, analyzes how AI challenges outdated copyright frameworks; Contro il copyright. Pirateria, disobbedienza civile e creatività collettiva by Francesco D’Isa defends piracy and civil disobedience as collective cultural practices; Christian Toson and Elizaveta Kozina present Anna, the Universal Library, presenting Anna’s Archive, the project of a universal digital library; Per una liberazione della retorica dell’archivio. Verso una pratica dell’immagine come relazione is a dialogue with the artist Alessandro Gagliardo on rethinking the archive as a space of relation, not preservation. The “Dalla cambusa” appendix presents a selection of exemplary texts, with a particular focus on open access and copyleft: Corrispondenza con un editore, the epistolar exchange between the International Situationist and the publisher Feltrinelli; Guerilla Open Access Manifesto by the American scholar and activist Aaron Swartz; Elogio de la piratería by the Bolivian film critic Mauricio Souza Crespo; and 10 tesi sull’archivio by the pad.ma collective. This issue of Engramma is dedicated to the memory and work of Aaron Swartz
Una scala per valutare l'inclusività delle scuole e delle classi italiane
No full textIl contributo presenta in dettaglio le procedure di costruzione e validazione di uno
strumento per valutare i processi inclusivi riferiti ai contesti scolastici, chiamato “Scala di
Valutazione dei Processi Inclusivi”. Frutto del lavoro congiunto svolto dagli autori, la Scala
si pone come uno strumento valutativo e autovalutativo utile a consentire da un lato, la
realizzazione di specifiche forme di misurazione e, dall’altro, la promozione di processi di
riflessione sugli indicatori di qualità dell’educazione inclusiva, per contribuire alla
progettazione e alla regolazione in itinere del progetto educativo della scuola e della classe.
Lo strumento, anche nella sua versione digitale, consente di pianificare ricerche, che
possono raccoglier
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