178,471 research outputs found
Filsafat sejarah substantif Yuval Noah Harari dalam buku Sapiens : A Brief History of Humankind perspektif R. G. Collingwood
No full textPenelitian ini bertujuan meneliti ide Yuval Noah Harari dalam buku Sapiens: A Brief History of Humankind terkait ide tentang Imajinasi dan Kekuatan. Permasalahannya ialah Pertama, dia hanya memandang dunia menggunakan kacamata biological perspective. Kedua, Harari tidak melakukan komparasi dengan pemikiran yang lain. Ketiga, Harari tidak menguji pemikirannya tentang dunia. Keempat, Harari menyempitkan persoalan dunia ke dalam satu sudut pandang saja. Kelima, sebagai tambahan, Harari tidak menawarkan alternatif dari semua kekacauan dunia. Analisis ini menggunakan pemikiran R. G. Collingwood tentang Re-enactment. Studi kasusnya mengambil ide dalam buku Sapiens: A Brief History of Humankind. Metode yang digunakan ialah metode penelitian sejarah dan studi deskriptif-analisis. Beberapa sumber seperti jurnal-jurnal ilmiah karya Yuval Noah Harari dan beberapa bukunya menjadi sumber utama dalam meneliti hal ini dan juga situs ynharari.com menjadi sumber dalam penelitian ini juga. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ide imajinasi yang ditawarkan oleh Yuval Noah Harari masih cenderung kurang dari segi teoritik
Approximating Sparsest Cut in Low Rank Graphs via Embeddings from Approximately Low Dimensional Spaces
No full textWe consider the problem of embedding a finite set of points x_1, ... , x_n in R^d that satisfy l_2^2 triangle inequalities into l_1, when the points are approximately low-dimensional. Goemans (unpublished, appears in a work of Magen and Moharammi (2008) ) showed that such points residing in exactly d dimensions can be embedded into l_1 with distortion at most sqrt{d}. We prove the following robust analogue of this statement: if there exists a r-dimensional subspace Pi such that the projections onto this subspace satisfy sum_{i,j in [n]} norm{Pi x_i - Pi x_j}_2^2 >= Omega(1) * sum_{i,j \in [n]} norm{x_i - x_j}_2^2, then there is an embedding of the points into l_1 with O(sqrt{r}) average distortion. A consequence of this result is that the integrality gap of the well-known Goemans-Linial SDP relaxation for the Uniform Sparsest Cut problem is O(sqrt{r}) on graphs G whose r-th smallest normalized eigenvalue of the Laplacian satisfies lambda_r(G)/n >= Omega(1)*Phi_{SDP}(G). Our result improves upon the previously known bound of O(r) on the average distortion, and the integrality gap of the Goemans-Linial SDP under the same preconditions, proven in [Deshpande and Venkat, 2014], and [Deshpande, Harsha and Venkat 2016]
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Yxilon – a Modular Open-Source Statistical Programming Language
No full textStatistical research has always been at the edge of available computing power. Huge datasets, e.g in DataMining or Quantitative Finance, and computationally intensive techniques, e.g. bootstrap methods, always require a little bit more computing power than is currently available. But the most popular statistical programming language R, as well as statistical programming languages like S or XploRe, are interpreted which makes them slow in computing intensive areas. The common solution is to implement these routines in low-level programming languages like C/C++ or Fortran and subsequently integrate them as dynamic linked libraries (DLL) or shared object libraries (SO) in the statistical programming language.statistical programming language, XploRe, Yxilon, Java, dynamic linked libraries, shared object libraries
"Closing the R&D Gap, Evaluating the Sources of R&D Spending"
No full textBoth spending and tax policies have been implemented in the United States with the goal of stimulating private sector research and development (R&D). Karier questions whether current R&D policy, especially the research and experimentation tax credit, can contribute to closing the gap between nondefense expenditures on R&D in the United States and such expenditures in other countries, such as Japan and Germany. He also explores possible changes to our current R&D policy to make it more effective.
Editorial Parts Feeding system for Assembly:macro and micro logistics
No full textAssembly is the last phase in the process of production and involves hundreds and even thousands of different parts. Even the
omission of a single part is enough to make the product defective. Therefore, an inventory is made for each part type. Acquiring,
handling and managing a multitude of inventories is a significant burden with significant cost, both ofwhich are much higher in cases
where multiple productversions are assembled on the same assembly line.
In today's market, the intense competition drives producers to cater to different market segments by offering a larger variety of
products. This growth in product variety is broad, but applies slronglyto the assembled products. Changes in demand, volume and
product mix, as well as the appearance of new product models and components, require a proper, flexible assembly system.
Therefore, successful assembly systems design and management must deliver efficient, flexible systems that can deal with product
variety and changes in product volume and mix. A crucial part of such a system is the part supply and part feeding.
With an increasing productvariely, thousands of different parts need to be delivered just-in-time (JIT) to a multitude of assembly
stations. Some of the issues which have to be addressed are: high number of parts managed, mixed-model production, variety of
Darts' sha~esan d sizes, limited sDace at assemblv stations and mani~ulationo f a wide varietv of ~ a r t t v ~deusri ng the assemblv.
Forming efficient part-supply and'part-feeding mechanisms presents an important challenge kced by today's assembly systems.
These are crucial factors in making an assembly business sustainable and competitive
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Insertion and deletion tolerance of point processes
No full textWe develop a theory of insertion and deletion tolerance for point processes. A process is insertion-tolerant if adding a suitably chosen random point results in a point process that is absolutely continuous in law with respect to the original process. This condition and the related notion of deletion-tolerance are extensions of the so-called finite energy condition for discrete random processes. We prove several equivalent formulations of each condition, including versions involving Palm processes. Certain other seemingly natural variants of the conditions turn out not to be equivalent. We illustrate the concepts in the context of a number of examples, including Gaussian zero processes and randomly perturbed lattices, and we provide applications to continuum percolation and stable matching
The Influence of Outside Directors' Stock-Option Compensation on Firms' R&D
No full textUsing a sample of S&P 1500 firms between 1997 and 2000, this paper examines the effects of outside directors' stock-option compensation on firms' R&D intensity. Results suggest that including stock options in outside directors' compensation enhances firms' R&D. Moreover, stock-option compensation moderates the relationship between board composition and R&D intensity. These results suggest that outside directors' compensation schemes do matter. The results also highlight the need to re-evaluate previous findings that addressed the effects of board composition on both firms' performance and strategic decisions. Copyright (c) 2007 The Author; Journal compilation (c) 2007 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
Michel Callon, Michel Foucault and the « dispositif »
No full textI n recent years, many important studies have focused on performativity or performation of economics (among others, see Callon, Milo & Muniesa, 2007; MacKenzie, Muniesa & Siu, 2007). Together with authors such as Yuval Millo, Fabian Muniesa, Donald MacKenzie, or Lucia Siu, Michel Callon has played an important role in this field. Most of these scholars have highlighted the way in which economics performs real world. We will, in contrast, focus on the opposite. Drawing on the case of air traffic management (ATM) in Europe, a case we have been working on for about ten years, we will attempt to show how economics failed to perform this industry. Our purpose is not to offer a kind of refutation or falsification of the performativity theory from a Popperian stance. Obviously, this theory acknowledges the fact that economics does not always perform the economy. Rather our aim is to refine the theory, to pinpoint some paradoxes related to performativity or performation, and to bring forward thinkable promising research perspectives. We shall begin by examining what, in Michel Callon‟s perspective, constitutes and does not constitute the performativity of economics. Then, we will have a look at Michel Foucault‟s notion of « dispositif » (apparatus or device), to explore how Callon relies on Foucault, but also how Foucault can still be useful when approaching the notion of device. After that, we will present the selected case, air traffic management (ATM) in Europe. Finally, we will discuss this case in connection with the theoretical framework.Performativity; dispositif (device); European Air Traffic Management
- …
