1,720,962 research outputs found
Effect Of Resveratrol On Proınflamatuar Gene Expressıon In Pancreas Of Streptozotocın Induced Dıabetıc Rats
No full textDiabetes mellitus (DM)`un gelişiminde inflamasyon ve oksidatif stres önemli bir rol oynar. β-hücreler oksidatif strese karşı duyarlı hücrelerdir. β-hücrelerde, artmış reaktif oksijen türlerinin üretim (ROS) seviyeleri insülin salınımında bozulmaya ve tip 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) ve insülin direncine neden olmaktadır. NF-κB, TNFα, IL-6, iNOS ve COX2 genleri inflamatuar düzenleyici genlerdir. Yüksek ROS bu genlerin transkripsiyonuna yol açan inflamasyon sinyal yolaklarını aktive etmektedir. İnflamasyon sinyal yolaklarının aktivasyonu da tip 2 diyabet ve insülin direncine neden olmaktadır. Streptozotosin (STZ), pankreasta serbest radikal temizleyicisi olan superoksit dismutazı inhibe eder ve böylece serbest radikallerin birikmesi sonucu β hücreleri yıkıma uğrar. Resveratrol (RSV), pankreatik β hücrelerinde oluşan bozulmayı inhibe edici etkiye sahiptir. Bu bilgilere dayanarak çalışmamızda, STZ ile diyabet oluşturulmuş sıçanlarda RSV nin pankreasta NF-κB, TNFα, IL-6, iNOS ve COX2 genlerinin ifadelenmesinin DM nin komplikasyonları üzerine etkisini araştırmayı amaçladık. Çalışmamızda, STZ ile diyabet oluşturulmuş ve diyabet oluşturulduktan sonra RSV uygulaması yapılmış sıçanlara ait pankreas dokuları kullanıldı. Elde edilen dokulardan sırasıyla RNA izolasyonu ve cDNA sentezi yapıldı. NF-κB, TNFα, IL-6, iNOS ve COX2 genlerinin mRNA ifadelenme düzeyleri real-time PCR reaksiyonu ile gerçekleştirilerek sonuçlar istatistiksel olarak değerlendirildi. Çalışmamızda kontrol ile sham kontrol ve kontrol+DMSO grupları arasında COX2, iNOS, NF-κB, TNFα ve IL-6 mRNA düzeyinde anlamlı bir fark gözlenmedi. Kontrol ile diyabet grubu karşılaştırıldığında COX2, iNOS, NF-κB, TNFα ve IL-6 genlerinin mRNA düzeylerinde, diyabet grubunda hedef genlerin mRNA ifadelenme düzeylerinde artış olduğu gözlendi ve bu iki grup arasında istatistiksel olarak anlam bulundu. Diyabet ile diyabet+RSV grubu karşılaştırıldığında ise COX2, iNOS, NF-κB, TNFα ve IL-6 genlerinin mRNA düzeylerinde bir azalma gözlenirken, bu azalışın istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı olmadığı gözlendi.Inflammation and oxidative stress has a big influence on diabetes mellitus (DM) improvement. Production levels of increased reactive oxygen species in β-cells cause insulin release corruption and type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and insulin resistance. NF-κB, TNFα, IL-6, iNOS and COX2 genes are inflammation regulatory genes. High reactive oxygen species (ROS) activates inflammatory signaling pathways which cause these genes to transcript. Inflammatory signaling pathways activation cause T2DM and insulin resistance, too. Streptozotocin (STZ) inhibits superoxide dismutase which is free-radical scavenger in pancreas and as a result of cumulation of free-radicals β cells are dispersed. Resveratrol (RSV) has an influence to inhibit corruption which is formed in pancreatic β cells. In light of this information in our study we purpose to investigate in streptozotocin-treated rat with diabetes and the effects of resveratrol in their pancreas to enlargement of NF-κB, TNFα, IL-6, iNOS ve COX2 genes levels complications of DM. In our study pancreatic tissues are used with STZ-induced diabetic rats and RSV induced diabetic rats after application made. RNA isolation and cDNA synthesis are made to obtained tissues. Real-time PCR results are evaluated statistically after the level of expression levels of NF-κB, TNFα, IL-6, iNOS ve COX2 genes are executed with real-time PCR Reaction. In our study no significant difference between control with sham control and control+DMSO groups in levels of COX2, iNOS, NF-κB, TNFα ve IL-6 mRNA. In level of mRNA of genes COX2, iNOS, NF-κB, TNFα ve IL-6 when compared control with diabetes group, it is observed that in the level of mRNA expression level in target gene has increased and the meaning has been found between these two groups statistically. When diabetes and diabetes+RSV group are compared, COX2, İNOS, NF-κB, TNFα and IL-6 genes are decreased in levels of mRNA, but this reduction has no meaning statistically
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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