2,634 research outputs found
Erratum: 3D bioprinted in vitro secondary hyperoxaluria model by mimicking intestinal-oxalatemalabsorption-related kidney stone disease (Applied Physics Reviews (2022) 9 (041408) DOI: 10.1063/5.0087345)
No full text© 2023 Author(s).This article was originally published online on 21 November 2022 with an incorrect affiliation identifier for author Dong-Woo Cho. It is correct as it appears above. All online versions of this article were corrected on 23 November 2022. AIP Publishing apologizes for this error.11Nsciescopu
Unimodality of Betti numbers for Hamiltonian circle actions with index-increasing moment Maps
No full textThe unimodality conjecture posed by Tolman in [L. Jeffrey, T. Holm, Y. Karshon, E. Lerman and E. Meinrenken, Moment maps in various geometries, http://www.birs.ca/workshops/2005/05w5072/report05w5072.pdf] states that if (M,ω) is a 2n-dimensional smooth compact symplectic manifold equipped with a Hamiltonian circle action with only isolated fixed points, then the sequence of Betti numbers {b0(M),b2(M),...,b2n(M)} is unimodal, i.e. bi(M) ≤ bi+2(M) for every i < n. Recently, the author and Kim [Y. Cho and M. Kim, Unimodality of the Betti numbers for Hamiltonian circle action with isolated fixed points, Math. Res. Lett. 21(4) (2014) 691-696] proved that the unimodality holds in eight-dimensional case by using equivariant cohomology theory. In this paper, we generalize the idea in [Y. Cho and M. Kim, Unimodality of the Betti numbers for Hamiltonian circle action with isolated fixed points, Math. Res. Lett. 21(4) (2014) 691-696] to an arbitrary dimensional case. We prove the conjecture in arbitrary dimension under the assumption that the moment map H : M → R is index-increasing, which means that ind(p) < ind(q) implies H(p) < H(q) for every pair of critical points p and q of H, where ind(p) is the Morse index of p with respect to H. © World Scientific Publishing Company1111sciescopu
Systems biology for reverse aging
No full textCellular senescence is an irreversible and permanent cell cycle arrest in response to internal and external stresses. Its unresponsiveness to growth factor signals distinguishes it from a potentially reversible state, quiescence. Cellular senescence can inhibit tumor development by blocking proliferation of damaged cells, but as senescent cells become accumulated in a tissue, they can contribute to the promotion of agerelated diseases such as cancer by secreting inflammatory cytokines [1]. © 2021 Cho et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited
The antihypertensive effects of the Jamaican Cho-Cho (Sechium edule)
No full textThe experiments reported in this study constitute a preliminary investigation into the possible hypotensive effect of the Jamaican Cho-Cho (Sechium edule). Experiments were conducted in a random and blind fashion on two sub species of Sechium edule. Both the pulp and the peel were examined for hypotensive activity. Water-soluble extracts were prepared from these components of the fruit and injected into anaesthetised rats. Various cardiovascular parameters were measured including heart rate, mean arterial pressure (MAP) and several ECG intervals. We report that all extracts tested produced a fall in blood pressure with little change in ECG intervals. Extract B produced the least change in heart rate with a fall in MAP of approximately 23 mmHg. Changes in heart rate with all extracts appeared to be minimal as an ED25 value could only be determined for extract A, and ED10 values could not be evaluated for extracts C and D. The mechanism(s) by which these extracts produce their hypotensive effects could not be determined in these preliminary experiments. However, it appears not to involve direct effects on cardiac tissue. This conclusion is based on the finding that it took a minimum of 10 to 15 seconds for the hypotensive action to manifest post bolus. Future experiments will be aimed at delineating the mechanism(s) involved in decreasing MAP.Peer reviewedfinal article publishe
Nota su Eschilo, Cho. 65
No full textThe author defends the reading ἄκραντος in the sense of “unfinished” in Aesch. Cho. 65
An ‘omics approach towards CHO cell engineering
No full textBiotechnology and Bioengineering, 110, 1255–1271Note : if this item contains full text it may be a preprint, author manuscript, or a Gold OA copy that permits redistribution with a license such as CC BY. The final version is available through the publisher’s platform.Chinese hamster ovarian cells (CHO) cells have been extensively utilized for industrial production of biopharmaceutical products, such as monoclonal antibodies, human growth hormones, cytokines, and blood-products. Recent advances in recombinant DNA technology have resulted in the bioengineering of CHO cells that have robust gene amplification systems and can also be adapted to grow in suspension cultures. In parallel, recent advances in techniques and tools for decoding the CHO cell genome, transcriptome, proteome, and glycome have led to new areas of study for better understanding the metabolic pathways in CHO cells with the long-term goal of developing new biologics. This review paper discusses the recent advances in bioengineering strategies in CHO cell lines and the impact of the knowledge gained by CHO cell genomics, transcriptomics, and glycomics on the future of CHO-cell engineering.National Institute of General Medical Scienceshttps://login.libproxy.rpi.edu/login?url=https://doi.org/10.1002/bit.2484
Considering spurious timeout in proxy for improving TCP performance in wireless networks
No full textIn this paper, we introduce a new proxy that effectively prevents unnecessary retransmissions of Transmission Control Protocol data segments from flowing over a wireless link on a path with sudden delay. The proposed Spurious Timeout Detection (STD) algorithm detects spurious timeout based on the data and acknowledge sequence number. It responses to spurious timeout by filtering unnecessary data transmissions that can cause spurious fast retransmission. Simulation result shows that proposed STD algorithm performs better than, or as well as, other end-to-end mechanisms in a certain range of data rate. (C) 2003 Published by Elsevier B.V.
Intracellular trehalose via transporter TRET1 as a method to cryoprotect CHO-K1 cells
No full textTrehalose is a promising natural cryoprotectant, but its cryoprotective effect is limited due to difficulties in transmembrane transport. Thus, expressing the trehalose transporter TRET1 on various mammalian cells may yield more trehalose applications. In this study, we ran comparative cryopreservation experiments between the TRET1-expressing CHO-K1 cells (CHO-TRET1) and the CHO-K1 cells transfected with an empty vector (CHO-vector). The experiments involve freezing under various trehalose concentrations in an extracellular medium. The freeze-thawing viabilities of CHO-TRET1 cells are higher than those of CHO-vector cells for most freezing conditions. This result differs from control experiments with a transmembrane type cryoprotectant, dimethyl sulfoxide (Me2SO), which had similar viabilities in each condition for both cell types. We conclude that the trehalose loaded into the cells with TRET1 significantly improves the cryoprotective effect. The higher viabilities occurred when the extracellular trehalose concentration exceeded 200 mM, with 250-500 mM being optimal, and a cooling rate below 30 K/min, with 5-20 K/min being optimal
Onset of reversal and chaos thermally driven cavity flow
No full textWe investigate the onset of chaotic reversals of thermal convection cell in a two–dimensional square cavity using direct numerical simulation. To our knowledge, the chaotic reversal motion at the lowest Rayleigh number is related to the unicellular motion in this system. As Rayleigh number increases, the two antisymmetric attractors, which arise from the supercritical Hopf bifurcation, approach each other. However, because the basin boundaries of these attractors have multiple unstable directions, the behavior of the global changes seems to be complex for the small range of Rayleigh number around the onset of the chaotic reversal. On the other hand, period–doubling cascade from periodic reversal solutions leads to chaotic reversal as Rayleigh number decreases. At the conference we will report observation about the beginning of reversal and the quantities of the chaotic attractor
Gonioctena (Gonioctena) jolantae Cho 2022, new species
No full textGonioctena (Gonioctena) jolantae new species (Figs 1–2, 7, 12) Type locality. Laos: Houaphanh Province, Phou Pan Mountain. Type material. Holotype: ♂ (NHM), “NE LAOS, Hua Phan prov. Ban Saleui, Phou Pan (Mt.) - N 20°12’ E 104°01’ 1300-1900m, 3-30.iv.2014 C. Holzschuh leg. // BMNH{E} 2015-38 C. Holzschuh // NHMUK 010899434 // HOLOTYPUS Gonioctena jolantae sp. nov. des. H.W. Cho 2021”. Paratypes: 3 ♂♂, 1 ♀ (NHM), same data as holotype plus “NHMUK 010901079 // NHMUK 010901419 // NHMUK 010901067 // NHMUK 010901080 // PARATYPUS Gonioctena jolantae sp. nov. des H.W. Cho 2021”. Diagnosis. This new species is similar to G. fujiana and G. kamikawai, in that the pronotum has nine black spots and elytral punctures are arranged in irregular single or double rows. However, G. jolantae new species can be distinguished by the following characters: irregularly outlined yellowish-brown markings on the elytral humeri extend to 3/5 of the elytral base (to 1/2 of base in G. fujiana, and 1/3 to 3/5 of base in G. kamikawai); median lobe subparallel-sided with apical process narrower than median lobe shaft, the sides rounded (parallel-sided with apical process broader than median lobe shaft and sides angulate in G. fujiana; subparallel-sided with apical process narrower than median lobe shaft and sides angulate in G. kamikawai). Description. Measurements in mm (n = 3): Length of body: 5.60–6.55 (mean 6.01); width of body: 3.36–3.98 (mean 3.57); height of body: 2.13–2.66 (mean 2.36); width of head: 1.56–1.78 (mean 1.68); interocular distance: 1.02–1.18 (mean 1.09); width of apex of the pronotum: 1.76–2.10 (mean 1.93); width of base of the pronotum: 2.58–3.19 (mean 2.87); maximum width of pronotum: 2.58–3.19 (mean 2.87); length of pronotum along midline: 1.31–1.45 (mean 1.38); length of elytra along suture: 4.18–4.95 (mean 4.44). Body oblong-ovate and moderately convex (Figs 1, 2). Head dark reddish-brown with two black spots on the vertex. Mouthparts dark reddish-brown with apices of mandibles black. Antennomeres I–V yellowish-brown; VI–VII darkened; VIII–XI blackish-brown. Pronotum reddish-brown with nine black spots. Elytra coppery-brown, lateral margins yellowish-brown, with feeble metallic greenish-black lustre; humeri with black spots surrounded by irregularly defined yellowish-brown markings. Venter and legs entirely reddish-brown. Head. Vertex weakly convex, covered with moderately dense punctures, becoming denser toward the sides. Frontal suture V-shaped, coronal suture weak. Frons flat, strongly depressed at the anterior margin, covered with dense punctures. Clypeus rather narrow and trapezoidal. Anterior margin of labrum weakly concave. Mandibles with two sharp apical teeth and deep lateral excavations for maxillary palpomeres. Maxillary palpi four-segmented with apical palpomeres moderately widened, truncate apically. Antennae reaching pronotal base in male, almost reaching base in female; antennomere I robust and longest; II longer than III; III longer than IV; VI–X widened; XI about 1.54 times as long as wide. Pronotum. In dorsal view widest at or near base, moderately convexly narrowed anteriorly, anterior angles strongly produced. Anterior and lateral margins bordered; lateral margins usually distinct in dorsal view. Trichobothria absent from anterior angles, present on posterior angles. Disc covered with sparse to dense punctures; lateral sides covered with much larger and denser punctures; interspaces covered with fine and sparse punctures. Scutellum. Slightly wider than long, narrowed posteriorly. Elytra. In dorsal view moderately widened posteriorly, widest beyond middle, roundly narrowed posteriorly. Humeral calli well developed. Disc with irregular large punctures arranged in 11 irregular single or double rows, including short scutellar row; interspaces with finer sparse punctures. Epipleura mostly visible (except the apical 2/5) in lateral view. Hind wings well developed. Venter. Pronotal hypomera weakly rugose with coarse punctures on anterior 1/5. Prosternum with coarse and dense punctures bearing long setae; prosternal process enlarged apically, bordered laterally, with sparse punctures. Metaventrite with minute and sparse punctures medially, large and dense punctures laterally. Abdominal ventrites with sparse to dense punctures bearing short setae; apex of last visible abdominal ventrite weakly depressed in male. Legs. Moderately robust. Tibiae widened apically, each with tooth-like projection. Forelegs with tarsomere I slightly narrower than III in male; distinctly narrower than III in female. Tarsal claws appendiculate. Genitalia. Median lobe in dorsal view long, subparallel-sided, moderately constricted from apical 1/4 to expanded arcuate apex with rounded lateral angles (Fig. 7); in lateral view entirely thin, moderately curved, with pointed apex; distal tip of flagellum trifurcated. Spermatheca absent. Etymology. Dedicated to the well-known chrysomelidist, Professor Jolanta Świętojańska (University of Wrocław, Poland), who has always kindly supported the work of the author. Distribution. Laos: Houaphanh (Fig. 12). This species is disjunct in distribution with respect to other members of the species-group, being over 1,500 km distant from the nearest species in East China.Published as part of Cho, Hee-Wook, 2022, Two new species of the nominotypical subgenus Gonioctena Chevrolat, 1836, from China and Laos, and a proposed new species-group (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Chrysomelinae), pp. 111-120 in Zootaxa 5150 (1) on page 113, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5150.1.6, http://zenodo.org/record/661011
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