1,720,959 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
A Preparation and Characterization of Chitosan-Silica Membranes and Applications for Creatinine and Urea Transport
Full text linkThe main organ that of the urinary system after the main organ functions to filter waste products from the body's metabolism that must be removed through the excretion process is the kidneys. The remaining metabolite compounds that accumulate in the blood are caused by the kidneys being unable to filter and remove uremia toxin compounds such as urea and creatinine from the body. One indication of kidney damage can be seen from levels of creatinine and urea in the blood that exceed normal limits. Urea and creatinine levels can be lowered by improving kidney function, namely by the blood washing process (hemodialysis). In the hemodialysis technique, the price of an artificial kidney or hemodialyzer is very expensive so that kidney failure sufferers require very large costs for treatment. To overcome this problem, alternative natural materials are needed to make membrane artificial kidneys. The aim of the research is (1) to analyze the synthesis and characteristics of membranes and, (2) to apply them for the transport of creatinine and urea using silica chitosan membranes. Characterization includes functional group testing using an Fourier-Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectrophotometer, water absorption test (swelling test), tensile test, and morphology with Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The membranes were applied for creatinine transport with varying concentrations of 70, 100, and 130 mg/L. It was also used for transporting urea at various concentrations of 500, 1000, and 1500 mg/L. This study disclosed a window of opportunity to produce novel hemodialysis membranes using bio-based materials.
Keywords: Biocompatibility, chitosan, creatinine, hemodialysis, membrane, silica, ure
Estimation of Greenhouse Gas Emission from Organic Fraction of Municipal Solid Waste Treatment
Full text linkThis study aims to estimate greenhouse gas emissions from urban organic waste management. Three management system scenarios were considered as the basis for the analysis. Scenario 1, centralized composting part of the organic waste and the rest being stockpiled in a controlled landfill as a representation of current conditions. In scenario 2, apart from increasing the amount of waste being managed, it also involves home composting. In scenario 3, part of landfill gas in scenario 2 is burned openly. Operational data on municipal solid waste (MSW) management by Buleleng Regency Environmental Office (DLH) by Buleleng Regency was used in this study in addition to the databases available in the IPCC model and other literatures. In scenario 1, 2562 Gg CO2-e comes from gas landfills emission. The centralized composting can only contribute to the avoidance of emissions by 0.158 Gg. In scenario 2, emissions were generated from landfills are 5896 Gg CO2-e with avoided emissions obtained from the application of compost of 0.252 and 0.044 Gg CO2-e respectively for compost produced from centralized composting and home composting. The contribution from landfills is greater in scenario 2 compared to scenario 1 in line with the amount of waste collected and managed. If 50% of landfill gas from scenario 2 is collected from gas collection facilities and then burned (scenario 3), then the avoided GHG emission from this system is 2929.5 Gg CO2-e. This shows that the avoidance contribution of burning or utilizing landfill gas is much greater than that of composting. Keywords: Greenhouse gas, organic fraction of municipal solid waste, landfill, composting DOI: 10.7176/JEES/13-5-02 Publication date:July 31st 202
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Kajian Transpor Kreatinin Menggunakan Membran Kitosan-Alginat Tertaut Silang Polivinil Alkohol (PVA)
Full text linkA B S T R A C TThe objective of this research was to determine the efficiency of the creatinine transport using chitosan alginate cross linked by polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) 0.1% with 70, 100, and 130 mg/L of creatinine concentration. The subject of this study was the membranes of chitosan alginate PVA, while the object of this study was the efficiency of the creatinine transport. The PVA 0.1% cross-linking chitosan-alginate membrane (1:0.15) was successfully synthesized. The membrane synthesized was characterized by FTIR, as well as tensile and strain test. The FTIR spectra showed that there is a new peak of the amino group of chitosan and carboxyl group of alginate at ca. 1651 cm-1. The hydroxyl group appears at ca. 1088 cm-1 while ester groups at ca. 1088 cm-1 and ca. 1265 cm-1 which indicate the cross binding between alginate and PVA. The water uptake test of the chitosan alginate PVA membrane reaches 257.76% for 6 hours. The tensile test results of the membrane before and after creatinine transport are 2.77 MPa and 12.56 MPa while the strain tests yield 14.24% and 18.51%, respectively. The maximum efficiency of the creatinine transport using the chitosan-alginate cross linked by PVA is 51.02% at 130 mg/L creatinine. This creatinine transport result using the PVA cross linking chitosan-alginate membrane are more efficient than chitosan-pectin membrane (25.24%) with the same creatinine concentration.Keywords: chitosan-alginate PVA membrane; creatinine; cross-link; synthesis; transportA B S T R A KPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan nilai efisiensi transpor kreatinin menggunakan membran kitosan-alginat tertaut silang polivinil alkohol (PVA) 0,1% dengan konsentrasi kreatinin 70, 100 dan 130 mg/L. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah membran kitosan-alginat PVA, sedangkan objek penelitian ini adalah pengaruh efisiensi transpor pada variasi konsentrasi kreatinin. Membran kitosan alginat (1:0,15) tertaut silang PVA 0,1% telah berhasil disintesis. Karakterisasi membran kitosan-alginat tertaut silang PVA diperoleh untuk spektra FTIR membran menunjukkan bahwa telah terjadi pergeseran serapan gugus amino dari kitosan dan gugus karboksil dari alginat pada puncak sekitar 1651 cm-1. Pada bilangan gelombang 3363,86 cm-1 terdapat serapan gugus –OH serta pada bilangan gelombang sekitar 1088 cm-1 dan 1265 cm-1 berasal dari gugus ester yang menunjukkan ikatan silang antara alginat dan PVA. Hasil uji serapan air pada membran kitosan-alginat PVA selama 6 jam mencapai rata-rata 257,76%. Hasil uji tarik membran sebelum dan setelah transpor masing-masing: 2,77 MPa dan 12,56 MPa dan untuk hasil uji regang membran sebelum dan setelah transpor masing-masing: 14,24% dan 18,51%. Efisiensi transpor kreatinin pada membran kitosan-alginat tertaut silang PVA mencapai efisiensi transpor maksimal pada konsentrasi 130 mg/L (51,02%). Efisiensi transpor kreatinin ini lebih tinggi jika dibandingkan menggunakan membran kitosan-pektin (25,24%) pada konsentrasi yang sama.Kata kunci: kreatinin; membran kitosan-alginat PVA; sintesis; taut silang; transpo
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
- …
