1,721,228 research outputs found
Development of nanoscale delivery systems for breast cancer treatment
No full textNanoparticle (NP) assisted diagnosis and drug delivery for antitumor applications have been widely investigated in the past few decades. To date, some of them have been approved for clinical applications and many more of them are under clinical trials. Although some progress has been achieved, it is still necessary to explore novel materials for antitumor applications. The work summarized in this thesis focused on organic NPs, and evaluated engineered polymer NPs and protein-lipid NPs as antitumor drug delivery systems in vitro. And a multifunctional fluorinated NP system was also assessed as theranostic (the combination of therapy and diagnosis) platform.In paper I, two types of 2,2 bis(hydroxymethyl) propionic acid (bis-MPA) based dendritic- linear (DL) polymers were synthesized. One type has the hyperbranched (HB) dendritic structure while the other has dendrons (perfectly branched structures). HBDL and DL materials were compared as drug delivery systems in respect to their synthesis difficulty, quality of micelle formation and efficiency in drug delivery. It was found that HBDL can be synthesized in large scales and drug loaded HBDL tended to have stronger efficacy compared to DL, therefore it is a promising alterative to DL in anticancer drug delivery.Further, in paper II, a detailed study regarding the uptake profile of a bis-MPA based hyperbranched copolymer micelle was conducted. The NP consisted of a Boltorn-H30 core (hyperbranched polyester) and PEG10k hydrophilic tails. It was found that the hyperbranched NP can be internalized into breast cancer cells via clathrin-dependent and macropinocytosis-mediated pathway through a time, concentration and energy dependent process.In paper III, fluorinated copolymers micelles were synthesized and evaluated as theranostic system, which has both diagnostic and therapeutic functions. The consequent micelles were able to load and release doxorubicin (DOX) and demonstrated similar efficacy compared to free (non- formulated) DOX. Also these NPs could generate a detectable signal for 19F-MRI in vitro.In paper IV, unimolecular NPs were developed from polyester based hyperbranched dendritic- linear polymers (HBDLPs). Such micelles were homogenous and did not have critical micelle concentration (CMC). And they were able to load DOX and delivery the drug into breast cancer cells. One HBDLP based NP containing a fluorinated polymer fragment was also synthesized to prove that these unimolecular systems are potentially useful as theranostic platforms.In paper V, histamine functionalized copolymer micelles were developed in order to introduce pH responsive property to NPs and achieve endo-lysosomal escape. These NPs were non-toxic and capable of loading and release DOX. Drug loaded NPs exhibited significant enhanced inhibition of mitochondria function in breast cancer cells during short periods (12 h) compared to free DOX. Although the expected pH responsive behaviour was not observed for the in vitro drug release model, NPs with histamine functionalization demonstrated partly endo-lysosomal escape property, in particular for those with 50% histamine modification. Intracellular tracking of NPs revealed that they could escape from endo-lysosomes and relocate DOX into mitochondria and the nuclei.In paper VI, lipoprotein like NP systems were developed by incorporating Saposin A, phospholipids and selected hydrophobic cargos. Such systems were shown to have promise as drug delivery platforms and to serve as NP based vaccine stabilizers.List of scientific papersI. Yvonne Hed, Yuning Zhang, Oliver C.J. Andren, Xianghui Zeng, Andreas M. Nyström, Michael Malkoch. Side-by-side comparison of dendritic-linear hybrids and their hyperbranched analogs as micellar carries of chemotherapeutics. Journal of Polymer Science part A: Polymer Chemistry, 2013, 51, 3992-3996. https://doi.org/10.1002/pola.26825 II. Xianghui Zeng, Yuning Zhang, Andreas M. Nyström. Endocytic uptake and intracellular trafficking of bis-MPA-based hyperbranched copolymer micelles in breast cancer cells. Biomacromolecules, 2012, 13, 3814-3822. https://doi.org/10.1021/bm301281k III. Christian Porsch, Yuning Zhang, Åsa Östlund, Peter Damberg, Cosimo Ducani, Eva Malmström, Andreas M. Nyström. In vitro evaluation of non- protein adsorbing breast cancer theranostics based on 19F-polymer containing nanoparticles. Particle & Particle Systems Characterization, 2013, 30, 381-390. https://doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.201300018 IV. Christian Porsch, Yuning Zhang, Cosimo Ducani, Francisco Vilaplana, Lars Nordstierna, Andreas M. Nyström, Eva Malmström. Toward unimolecular micelles with tunable dimensions using hyperbranced dendritic-linear polymers. Biomacromolecules, 2014, 15, 2235-2245. https://doi.org/10.1021/bm5003637 V. Yuning Zhang, Pontus Lundberg, Maren Diether, Christian Porsch, Caroline Janson, Nathaniel A. Lynd, Cosimo Ducani, Michael Malkoch, Eva Malström, Craig J. Hawker, Andreas M. Nyström. Histamine-functionalized copolymer micelles as a drug delivery system in 2D and 3D models of breast cancer. Journal of Materials Chemistry B, 2015, 3, 2472-2486. https://doi.org/10.1039/c4tb02051k VI. Jens Frauenfeld, Robin Löving, Yuning Zhang, Lin Zhu, Caroline Jegerschöld, Fatma Guettou, Per Moberg, Christian Löw, Andreas M. Nyström, Henrik Garoff, Pär Nordlund. A multi-functional nanoparticle system based on a small human protein. [Manuscript]</p
Author Correction: A shared neural basis underlying psychiatric comorbidity
No full textCorrection to: Nature Medicine. Published online 24 April 2023. In the version of this article initially published, the STRATIFY data also included cohort data from the ESTRA consortium, though this was not acknowledged in the author list and the section in Methods on the Stratify dataset. The Methods are now updated, and the author list is amended to combine the STRATIFY and ESTRA consortium names and to include the following authors: Marina Bobou, M. John Broulidakis, Betteke Maria van Noort, Zuo Zhang, Lauren Robinson, Nilakshi Vaidya, Jeanne Winterer, Yuning Zhang, Sinead King, Hervé Lemaître, Ulrike Schmidt, Julia Sinclair, Argyris Stringaris and Sylvane Desrivières. The STRATIFY and ESTRA consortia are now combined to list Marina Bobou, M. John Broulidakis, Betteke Maria van Noort, Zuo Zhang, Lauren Robinson, Nilakshi Vaidya, Jeanne Winterer, Yuning Zhang, Sinead King, Gareth J. Barker, Arun L. W. Bokde, Hervé Lemaître, Frauke Nees, Dimitri Papadopoulos Orfanos, Ulrike Schmidt, Julia Sinclair, Argyris Stringaris, Henrik Walter, Robert Whelan, Sylvane Desrivières and Gunter Schumann as members, and the IMAGEN consortium is updated to also include Sylvane Desrivières. Affiliations, author contributions and acknowledgements have been updated to reflect the new authorship, and all changes have been made in the HTML and PDF versions of the article
Author Correction: A shared neural basis underlying psychiatric comorbidity
No full textCorrection to: Nature Medicine https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-023-02317-4. Published online 24 April 2023. In the version of this article initially published, the STRATIFY data also included cohort data from the ESTRA consortium, though this was not acknowledged in the author list and the section in Methods on the Stratify dataset. The Methods are now updated, and the author list is amended to combine the STRATIFY and ESTRA consortium names and to include the following authors: Marina Bobou, M. John Broulidakis, Betteke Maria van Noort, Zuo Zhang, Lauren Robinson, Nilakshi Vaidya, Jeanne Winterer, Yuning Zhang, Sinead King, Hervé Lemaître, Ulrike Schmidt, Julia Sinclair, Argyris Stringaris and Sylvane Desrivières. The STRATIFY and ESTRA consortia are now combined to list Marina Bobou, M. John Broulidakis, Betteke Maria van Noort, Zuo Zhang, Lauren Robinson, Nilakshi Vaidya, Jeanne Winterer, Yuning Zhang, Sinead King, Gareth J. Barker, Arun L. W. Bokde, Hervé Lemaître, Frauke Nees, Dimitri Papadopoulos Orfanos, Ulrike Schmidt, Julia Sinclair, Argyris Stringaris, Henrik Walter, Robert Whelan, Sylvane Desrivières and Gunter Schumann as members, and the IMAGEN consortium is updated to also include Sylvane Desrivières. Affiliations, author contributions and acknowledgements have been updated to reflect the new authorship, and all changes have been made in the HTML and PDF versions of the article.</p
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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