3,806 research outputs found
Neomedaura Ho 2020
No full textGenus Neomedaura Ho, 2020 Neomedaura Ho, 2020: 112. Type species. N. yokdonensis Ho, 2020: 112, figs. 17–20, 61–68 (type locality: Vietnam; holotype in CAU), by original designation. Distribution. China (Yunnan); Vietnam. Generic characteristics. Small to Medium-sized for Medaurini. Apterous. ♀ body robust, ♁ body slender; unarmed, slender and long. Head oblong. ♀ vertex with a pair of minute horns, ♀ vertex unarmed; Occiput flat. Antennae distinctly segmented, shorter than profemora. Thorax slender. Abdomen cylindrical. ♀ seventh sternum with distinct preopercular organ. ♀ anal segment with a small emargination on posterior margin, ♁ anal segment distinctly dilated into two semitergites. supra-anal plate small indistinct. Cerci short and flattened. Legs unarmed. profemora distinctly curved basally.Published as part of Xie, Chong-Xin, Wen, Jun, Chen, Wang, Wang, Zhao-Zi & Qian, Yu-Han, 2023, Two new combinations of Medaurini (Phasmatodea: Phasmatidae: Clitumninae) from Yunnan Province, China, pp. 567-576 in Zootaxa 5323 (4) on page 572, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5323.4.7, http://zenodo.org/record/822522
Effect of ultra-high injection pressure and micro-hole nozzle on diesel spray characteristics under evaporating condition
No full textc-Jun reprograms Schwann cells of injured nerves to generate a repair cell essential for regeneration.
No full textThe radical response of peripheral nerves to injury (Wallerian degeneration) is the cornerstone of nerve repair. We show that activation of the transcription factor c-Jun in Schwann cells is a global regulator of Wallerian degeneration. c-Jun governs major aspects of the injury response, determines the expression of trophic factors, adhesion molecules, the formation of regeneration tracks and myelin clearance and controls the distinctive regenerative potential of peripheral nerves. A key function of c-Jun is the activation of a repair program in Schwann cells and the creation of a cell specialized to support regeneration. We show that absence of c-Jun results in the formation of a dysfunctional repair cell, striking failure of functional recovery, and neuronal death. We conclude that a single glial transcription factor is essential for restoration of damaged nerves, acting to control the transdifferentiation of myelin and Remak Schwann cells to dedicated repair cells in damaged tissue
Adaptive motion vector resolution based on the rate-distortion cost and coding unit depth
No full textIn current research on high-efficiency video coding (HEVC), motion vector resolution is always fixed to 1/4 pixel for the entire video sequence. Inter-coding with a fixed motion vector resolution can decrease the coding efficiency because the statistical properties of the local image are not considered. In this paper, we propose an adaptive decision scheme for motion vector resolution to improve the coding efficiency. The proposed scheme capitalizes on the tendency for a high-pel-precision level to be beneficial in terms of coding efficiency as the coding unit (CU) depth decreases. Also, we determined the strength with a rate-distortion (RD) cost and selected a predefined threshold set per slice level. Simulation results with respect to HM7.0 show that the proposed scheme provides a coding gain of 2.4% for a low-delay structure. Moreover, it was found that the average encoding time is reduced by 5%. The proposed scheme can also improve the coding efficiency at a slightly increased encoding time compared to conventional methods
Ion aggregation in high salt solutions. VI. Spectral graph analysis of chaotropic ion aggregates
No full textCarrying out molecular dynamics simulations and graph theoretical analyses of high salt solutions, and comparing numerically calculated vibrational spectroscopic properties of water with femtosecond IR pump-probe experimental data, we have recently found that ions in high salt solutions can form two morphologically different ion aggregate structures. In the cases of NaCl solutions, Na+ and Cl- tend to form compact cluster-like ion aggregate in high NaCl solutions. In contrast, K+ and SCN- form spatially extended network-like ion aggregates that also exhibit a percolating network behavior. Interestingly, a variety of graph theoretical properties of ion network in high KSCN solutions were found to be very similar to those of water H-bonding network. It was shown that spatially extended ion networks in high KSCN solutions are completely intertwined with water H-bonding networks, which might be the key to understand the high solubility of thiocyanate salts in water. Here, we further consider two salts that have been extensively studied experimentally by using femtosecond IR pump-probe technique, which are NaClO4 and NaBF4. Note that ClO 4 - and BF 4 - are well-known chaotropic ions that have been believed to behave as water structure breaker. To understand how such chaotropic ions affect water H-bonding structure, we carried out spectral graph analyses of molecular dynamics simulation data of these aqueous solutions. Graph spectra and degree distribution of ion aggregates formed in high NaBF4 and NaClO4 solutions show that these chaotropic anions also have a strong propensity to form ion networks. The fact that salts containing chaotropic ions like SCN-, BF 4 -, and ClO 4 - have very high solubility limits in water could then be related to our observation that these chaotropic anions with counter cations in high salt solutions are capable of forming intricate ion networks intertwined with water H-bonding networks. We anticipate that the present graph theoretical analysis method would be of use in further studying both various anomalous behaviors of interfacial water and fundamental physical chemistry of mixing and salt solubility in water. © 2016 Author(s)1771sciescopu
sj-docx-1-tag-10.1177_17562848231201728 – Supplemental material for 10 years of biologic use patterns in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: treatment persistence, switching and dose intensification – a nationwide population-based study
No full textSupplemental material, sj-docx-1-tag-10.1177_17562848231201728 for 10 years of biologic use patterns in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: treatment persistence, switching and dose intensification – a nationwide population-based study by Hee Moon Koo, Yu Kyung Jun, Yonghoon Choi, Cheol Min Shin, Young Soo Park, Nayoung Kim, Dong Ho Lee, Young Kee Shin and Hyuk Yoon in Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology</p
Study on methanol reforming-inorganic membrane reactors combined with water-gas shift reaction and relationship between membrane performance and methanol conversion
No full textWhen a methanol reforming-membrane reactor is employed as a hydrogen generator for proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC), three important aims should be simultaneously achieved in one process, which are methanol conversion improvement, high hydrogen recovery, and high CO removal efficiency. To achieve the aims, we investigated five different configurations of a membrane reactor (a methanol reforming-microporous membrane (MMi) reactor, methanol reforming-mesoporous membrane (MMe) reactor, methanol reforming-mesoporous membrane-water-gas shift (MMeW) reactor, methanol reforming-macroporous membrane (MMa) reactor and methanol reforming-macroporous membrane-water-gas shift (MMaW) reactor). As a result, the MMi reactor was not suitable for a hydrogen carrier of PEMFC due to low hydrogen recovery. The MMe and MMa reactor showed low CO removal efficiency due to low permselectivity of the mesoporous and macroporous membrane. In contrast, the MMeW and MMaW reactor gave simultaneously methanol conversion improvement, high hydrogen recovery, and high CO removal efficiency in one process. The low CO removal efficiency due to low permselectivity of the mesoporous and macroporous membrane was significantly enhanced by the water-gas shift reaction in the permeate side of the MMeW and MMaW reactor. In addition, based on the reaction results in the MMi, MMe and MMa reactor, it was confirmed that methanol conversion in a membrane reactor system is higher as a membrane used in a membrane reactor has higher total permeance difference (Sigma permeance of products - Sigma permeance of reactants). (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
Remarkable improvement in hydrogen recovery and reaction efficiency of a methanol reforming-membrane reactor by using a novel Knudsen membrane
No full textWhen a methanol reforming-membrane reactor is employed as a hydrogen generator for a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, we should simultaneously achieve three important aims in one process: methanol conversion improvement, high hydrogen recovery, and high CO removal efficiency. In this paper, the three important aims were successfully achieved in one process by using a methanol reforming-mesoporous membrane reactor combined with water gas shift (WGS) reaction. In this case, higher permeance of the membrane leads to higher hydrogen recovery and methanol conversion. Therefore, we synthesized a stainless-steel-supported Knudsen membrane with remarkably high permeability via the dipping-rolling-freezing fast drying and soaking-rolling-freezing-fast drying method. Using the stainless-steel-supported Knudsen membrane in a methanol reforming-mesoporous membrane-WGS (MMeW) reactor, hydrogen recovery was 78-79%, and methanol conversion increased by 14-20% in comparison with a conventional reactor without a membrane. Moreover, CO permeated through the Knudsen membrane was successfully eliminated via the WGS reaction in the permeate side of the MMeW reactor
Novel synthesis of a porous stainless steel-supported Knudsen membrane with remarkably high permeability
No full textA stainless steel-supported Knudsen membrane (SKM) with remarkably high permeability was successfully synthesized using only 100 nm-sized colloidal silica sol by means of a dipping-rolling-freezing-fast drying (DRFF) and soaking-rolling-freezing-fast drying (SRFF) method. Hydrogen and nitrogen permeances of the SKM were (6.7-8.2) x 10(-6) and (1.8-2.3) x 10(-6) Mol m(-2) S- I Pa-1 with a H-2/N-2 permselectivity of 3.5-3.7, which approaches to a theoretical H-2/N-2 selectivity for the Knudsen diffusion mechanism (3.74). In comparison with a typical mesoporous gamma-alumina membrane supported on a porous stainless steel or a-alumina substrate, the SKM had 20 and 5.5 times permeance with almost same H-2/N-2 permselectivity, respectively. Generally, mesoporous materials such as gamma-alumina and the M41S family with several nm-sized pores are employed to obtain the Knudsen-dominated permeation characteristics. In this case, a decrease in the gas permeance is inevitable due to deposition of a mesoporous skin layer. However, in the case of the SKM, the Knudsen-dominated permselectivity was extraordinarily obtained through modification of porous stainless steel substrates with the colloidal silica particles having relatively large particle size, because a well-densified layer of the 100 nm-sized colloidal silica could be obtained without formation of defects via the freezing procedure. In addition, the large porosity of the 100 nm-sized colloidal silica layer gave rise to the remarkably high gas permeance. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
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