1,334 research outputs found
Comparative analysis of the alien vascular flora of Sardinia and Corsica
No full textThis article provides a comparison of the vascular alien flora of Sardinia (Italy) and that of Corsica (France), both territories belonging to the Western Mediterranean biogeographic subregion. The study has recorded 598 (90 doubtful) alien taxa in Sardinia (18% of the total flora) while 553 (87 doubtful) in Corsica (17%); six are new report to Sardinia and 27 to Corsica. A total of 234 taxa are common to both islands. Neophytes are 344 taxa (68% of the total) in Sardinia and 399 taxa (73%) in Corsica. The invasive component includes 64 taxa in Sardinia (13% of the alien flora) and 99 taxa (21%) in Corsica, 33 of them common to both territories. The total 740 alien taxa of Sardinia and Corsica are included in 93 families; being Fabaceae the richest. The comparison of the biological spectrum reveals that phanerophytes (202 taxa, 40%) are the most
represented in Sardinia and therophytes (149 taxa, 32%) in Corsica. A study of the geographical origin shows supremacy of the American element in Sardinia (170 taxa, 34%) and in Corsica (136 taxa, 29%). The majority of taxa arrived as a result of
intentional human introductions, mainly for ornamental use (247 taxa, 49% in Sardinia; 208 taxa, 45% in Corsica). Seminatural, agricultural and synanthropic are the most occupied habitats. These data show the need for joint action to stem the increasingly worrying phenomenon of the alien flora in order to reduce the negative effects on natural habitats and native flora
FIGURE 5 in Lovell Augustus Reeve (1814-1865): malacological author and publisher
No full textFIGURE 5. Photographic portrait of Reeve taken by Ernest Edwards in 1865. Reproduced through the courtesy of Mr. Basil Harley and Guildhall Library, City of London.Published as part of Petit, Richard E., 2007, Lovell Augustus Reeve (1814-1865): malacological author and publisher, pp. 1-120 in Zootaxa 1648 (1) on page 12, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1648.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/510392
FIGURE 1 in Lovell Augustus Reeve (1814-1865): malacological author and publisher
No full textFIGURE 1. Lithograph portrait of Lovell Reeve by T. H. Maguire, dated 1849. Reproduction courtesy of the Ewell Sale Library, Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia.Published as part of Petit, Richard E., 2007, Lovell Augustus Reeve (1814-1865): malacological author and publisher, pp. 1-120 in Zootaxa 1648 (1) on page 8, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1648.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/510392
Seed Germination Ecophysiology of Acacia dealbata Link and Acacia mearnsii De Wild.: Two Invasive Species in the Mediterranean Basin
No full textAcacia dealbata and A. mearnsii are two invasive species found in coastal, mountain, and riparian Mediterranean habitats. Seed biology and germination traits are important drivers of the competitive performance of plants and may significantly contribute to biological invasions. The seeds of Acacia s.l. have physical dormancy due to an impermeable epidermal layer. The aim of this study was to assess the germination capacity of scarified and non-scarified seeds of A. dealbata and A. mearnsii from different areas of the Mediterranean Basin. To test the seed imbibition capacity, the increase in mass was evaluated. Non-scarified seeds were tested at 15, 20, and 25 °C in light conditions. Scarified seeds were tested at 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 °C and 25/10 °C in light and dark conditions. Scarified seeds increased in mass more than non-scarified seeds. Both species showed a higher germination capacity at 25 °C in non-scarified seeds; A. dealbata reached a germination maximum of 55%, while A. mearnsii reached 40%, showing a difference among these populations. Scarified seeds of both species reached germination percentages >95% at all temperatures except at 5 °C in dark conditions. Scarification was necessary to break dormancy and promote germination. The present study provides new knowledge about the seed ecology and germinative behaviour of the two Acacia species under different pre-treatment, temperature, and photoperiod regimes, contributing to the understanding of their invasive behaviour
A study of the issues surrounding the understanding of historic military artefacts as primary source documents with particular emphasis on the sword
No full textAcacia saligna and Vachellia karroo: germination ecophysiology of two invasive species in the Mediterranean Basin
No full textL'amendement ou l'entreprise de réforme morale des prisonniers en France au XIXe siècle
No full textL'amendement ou l'entreprise de réforme morale des prisonniers en France au XIXe siècle. G. Petit.
Der Verfasser untersucht die Vortellungen über die Ziele der Freiheitsstrafe aus der Sicht von vier typischen Vertretern der verschiedenen Bewegungen, die im Frankreich des 19. Jahrhunderts dazu Stellung bezogen haben. Als Schlüsselbegriff dient dem Author dabei "die Besserang" : Moreau-Christophe, Beaumont, Tocqueville und Lucas werden jeweils im Hinblick auf ihre Stellungnahme zu diesem Begriff dargestellt : Soll — bzw. kann — Gefängnis zur Besserung des Häftlings führen oder dazu beitragen ?L'amendement ou l'entreprise de réforme morale des prisonniers en France au XIXe siècle. G. Petit.
The author describes the objectives of imprisonment, promoted by four protagonists of XIX th Century -France : Moreau-Christophe, Beaumont, Tocqueville and Lucas. These writers and practitioners are quite representative of the main ideological trends of this period. The key-concept chosen by the author is that of improvement : can or must prison be a factor of or lead to the improvement of the inmate ?L'amendement ou l'entreprise de réforme morale des prisonniers en France au XIXe siècle. G. Petit.
L'auteur examine les conceptions défendues, en matière d'objectifs poursuivis par la peine privative de liberté, par quatre personnages, représentatifs des divers courants d'idées que connaît en cette matière la France du XIXe siècle. Le concept-clef choisi par l'auteur est celui d'amendement. Moreau-Christophe, Beaumont, Tocqueville et Lucas sont décrits en fonction de leur prise de position par rapport à ce concept : l'emprisonnement doit-il, peut-il servir ou conduire à l'amendement du détenu ?L'amendement ou l'entreprise de réforme morale des prisonniers en France au XIXe siècle. G. Petit.
Schrijver onderzoekt de begrippen m.b.t. de door de vrijheidsberoving nagestreefde doeleinden, zoals die werden ontwikkeld door vier persoonlijkheden, representatief voor de verschillende gedachtenstromingen in het Frankrijk van XIXe eeuw.
Het sleutelbegrip door de auteur gekonen is dat van de "verbe-tering". Moreau — Christophe, Beaumont, Tocqueville en Lucas worden beschreven in functie van hun stellingname t.a.v. dit begrip : moet, kan de opsluiting dienen of leiden tot de verbetering van de gevangene ?Petit J.G. L'amendement ou l'entreprise de réforme morale des prisonniers en France au XIXe siècle. In: Déviance et société. 1982 - Vol. 6 - N°4. pp. 331-351
La flore vasculaire de l’île de Cavallo (archipel des Lavezzi, Corse) : diversité, intérêt biogéographique et conservation
No full textThis study provides the first detailed assessment of the vascular flora of the Cavallo Island and its three satellite islands or islets (Corsica, Bouchesde-Bonifacio). It is the Corsican island which has the highest floristic richness with 440 taxa (species and subspecies), all inventories combined. The current flora (i. e. occurring after 1990) includes 426 taxa, of which 371 indigenous and 55 exotic plants, introduced voluntarily or not by man. Of this total, 155 taxa (109 indigenous and 46 exotics) were never been reported on the Lavezzi archipelago. This high floristic richness, compared to other west-Mediterranean islands of similar size, is explained by the area of Cavallo island, the largest of the peri-corsican islands, and to the diversity of environments, including the presence of a permanent lake, the Greco lake. Cavallo Island and its islets contain 70 plant species of importance (i. e. endemic, rare, protected or threatened), eight of which were not currently inventoried. These surveys performed in 2013–2015 highlight the presence of some very rare plants in Corsica (Anacamptis morio subsp. longicornu, Callitriche brutia, Limonium bonifaciense, Limonium strictissimum) and infrequent endemics (Acis rosea, Bryonia marmorata, Crocus minimus, Serapias nurrica, Silene velutina) that were not known to the island. The strong human impact explains the presence of 55 introduced taxa and at least subspontaneous in the «natural environment», of which 50 had not yet been reported on the island. The results of this study are discussed in terms of (1) specific richness compared to other western Mediterranean islands of similar surface, (2) functional diversity (analysis of demographic strategies of Grime), (3) biogeographic originality and conservation issues in order to better preserve in the future this exceptional floristic heritage but for too long unrecognized.Cette étude dresse le premier bilan détaillé de la flore vasculaire de l’île Cavallo et de ses trois îles ou îlots annexes (Corse, Bouches-de-Bonifacio). Il s’agit de l’île satellite corse qui comporte la plus forte richesse floristique avec 440 taxons (espèces et sous-espèces) signalés, tous inventaires confondus. La flore actuelle (présence postérieure à 1990) s’élève à 426 taxons, dont 371 indigènes et 55 exotiques introduits volontairement ou non par l’homme. Parmi ce total, 155 taxons (109 indigènes et 46 exotiques) n’avaient jamais encore été signalés sur l’archipel des Lavezzi. Cette forte richesse floristique, comparée à celle d’autres îles ouest-méditerranéennes de taille voisine, est liée à la superficie de Cavallo, la plus vaste des îles péri-corses, et à la diversité des milieux dont la présence d’un plan d’eau permanent, l’étang du Greco. L’île Cavallo et ses îlots comportent 70 végétaux «patrimoniaux» (endémiques, rares, protégés ou menacés) dont 8 non revus actuellement. Les inventaires de 2013-2015 mettent notamment en évidence la présence de certains végétaux très rares en Corse (Anacamptis morio subsp., longicornu, Callitriche brutia, Limonium bonifaciense, Limonium strictissimum) et d’endémiques peu fréquents (Acis rosea, Bryonia marmorata, Crocus minimus, Serapias nurrica, Silene velutina) qui n’étaient pas connus de l’île. Les impacts anthropiques forts expliquent la présence de 55 taxons introduits et au moins subspontanés dans le «milieu naturel», dont 50 n’avaient pas été encore signalés sur l’île. Les résultats de cette étude sont discutés en terme (1) de richesse spécifique par rapport à des îles ouest-méditerranéennes de surfaces voisines, (2) de diversité fonctionnelle (analyse des stratégies démographiques de Grime), (3) d’originalité biogéographique et d’enjeux de conservation afin de mieux préserver à l’avenir ce patrimoine floristique exceptionnel mais resté trop longtemps méconnu.Médail Frédéric, Petit Yohan, Delage Alain, Paradis Guilhan, Hugot Laetitia. La flore vasculaire de l’île de Cavallo (archipel des Lavezzi, Corse) : diversité, intérêt biogéographique et conservation. In: Ecologia mediterranea, tome 43 n°2, 2017. Le patrimoine naturel de l'île de Cavallo (archipel des Lavezzi, Corse) : écologie, biogéographie et conservation. pp. 103-158
L’affaire Doeblin : Alfred, Wolfgang et quelques autres. Regards croisés sur l’expérience créatrice
No full textDans ces pages, Marc Petit – romancier et germaniste, auteur de L’équation de Kolmogoroff, vie et mort de Wolfgang Doeblin – rend hommage à Bernard Bru dont l’apport, comme introducteur à l’histoire des mathématiques probabilistes et spécialiste de Wolfgang Doeblin, fut décisif dans le travail de préparation de cet ouvrage. Dans ce texte qui inclut un certain nombre de réflexions sur l’intuition et l’invention mathématiques comparées à leur équivalent poétique et littéraire (en référence à la figure du grand romancier Alfred Döblin, père du mathématicien), l’auteur cite plusieurs extraits de lettres que lui adressa Bernard Bru, touchant ces divers sujets, dans le cadre d’une correspondance qui de circonstancielle, ne tarda pas à devenir amicale.In this essay, Marc Petit, a novelist and professor of German literature, who wrote the main biography of the German probabilist Wolfgang Doeblin, son of the great novelist Alfred Döblin, pays tribute to Professor Bernard Bru, who introduced him to the history of mathematics in the XXth Century and especially to the amazing figure of Wolfgang Doeblin. In these pages, the reader will find some reflexions and comparisons dealing with the problem of intuition and invention in mathematics and poetry or literature and also several extracts of letters on this subject sent to the author by the well-known history of science specialist
Noble gas and carbon isotopic compositions of petit-spot lavas from southeast of Marcus Island
No full textWe measured noble gas isotopic compositions of quenched lavas sampled from seamounts, so-called petit-spot volcanoes, on the 160-million-year-old northwestern Pacific Plate. The samples He-3/He-4 and Ar-40/Ar-36 ratios were, respectively, 2.5-8.3 Ra and up to 1735, where Ra stands for atmospheric He-3/He-4, which are analogous to or lower than those of MORB. Considering narrow sampling regions, a secondary effect might be responsible for variation of the data. During ascent and subsequent cooling of magma in the oceanic lithosphere, chemical components in the magma will be assimilated with those in the lithosphere. Correlation between CO2/He-3 ratios and carbon isotopic ratios suggests that carbon was affected by the incorporation of seafloor carbonate. The same would be true of noble gases. The mixing of noble gases among a mantle source, an atmospheric component dissolved in seawater and a radiogenic component can explain the data distribution. No He-3/He-4 ratio exceeds the MORB-like value. The mantle source of the petit-spot magma was likely to have had a MORB-like He-3/He-4 ratio originally. The eruption of petit-spot magma shows a close relation with the bending of subducting oceanic plates. The MORB-like He-3/He-4 ratio supports the hypothesis that the petit-spot magma is derived from the lithosphere-asthenosphere boundary. (C) 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
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