1,720,965 research outputs found
Who cares for the children? Family social position and childcare arrangements in Italy, 2002–12
No full textCura dei figli, scelte lavorative delle madri e sviluppo cognitivo dei bambini
No full textQuesto studio offre un’analisi degli effetti della disponibilità di child care pubblico sulla probabilità di lavoro della madre e la prima analisi sul caso italiano per quanto riguarda la relazione tra politiche per l’infanzia e gli outcomes cognitivi dei bambini. Infatti, valutiamo gli effetti della disponibilità di asili nido pubblici (per bambini in età 0-2) sia sulla probabilità che la madre lavori che sui risultati scolastici dei bambini che frequentano la seconda classe della scuola primaria.Usando dati INVALSI per l’anno scolastico 2009-2010, insieme a dati relativi alla disponibilità di asili nido pubblici relativi all’anno 2005, troviamo un effetto positivo sulla probabilità che la madre lavori e sui risultati in Italiano, mentre non troviamo nessun effetto su Matematica
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Mother's time allocation, childcare and child cognitive development
No full textThis paper analyzes the effects of maternal and non-parental time on a child's cognitive development. Using data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics, we estimate a model that allows the mother’s time productivity to depend on her education level, and that distinguishes between formal and informal care. The results show that child-care time of high-educated mothers is more productive than that of low-educated mothers and that of non-parental care. The simulation of policies subsidizing mothers’ wages or regulating the non-parental care market indicates that children with low-educated mothers benefit more from replacing maternal time with non-parental time
How raising the full retirement age affects women’s early retirement choices: insights from the interaction of two policies
Full text linkThis paper assesses how a reform that increased statutory retirement age from 60 to 64 years has changed the incentives for early retirement among women. In the Italian context that we consider, women can anticipate retirement after age 57, if they have obtained 35 years of contributions. By using Italian administrative data, the analysis employs a novel identification strategy based on a Differences-in-Differences design, in which assignment to treatment is estimated in a Regression Discontinuity setting. By comparing women who are eligible for the early retirement scheme before and after the reform, we find that those eligible retire earlier by about 2 months after the reform is implemented. We also f ind that women eligible for the early retirement scheme after the reform implementation receive a 900 Euros lower annuity compared to those not affected by the reform. This effect corresponds to a 5% lifetime reduction in annuity. The effects are stronger for women with low labor market attachment and without a college education
Public investments in children's human capital : evidence from the literature on non-parental child care
No full textThis paper analyzes the most recent empirical research on social investments in children's human capital, focusing on policies providing non-parental child care. The empirical findings are conceptualized in a theoretical framework showing how policy interventions can shape parents' non-parental child care choices; this framework is also used to discuss the econometric issues arising for the identification of the child care effects. The results from both European and American contributions are presented, taking into account the institutional context where the policy has been implemented and the timing of the intervention. The majority of large-scale policies providing non-parental child care have positive effects on children's cognitive outcomes, both in the short and in the medium run, and on adult outcomes. Results also show that, in countries with scarce availability of public child care services, whether or not child care has an impact on children's development depends on the population at which the service is targeted
Rethinking the crime reducing effect of education: the role of social capital and organized crime *
Full text linkAbstract This paper estimates the causal effect of education on adolescent crime by exploiting a compulsory education reform implemented in 1999 in Italy. To identify the causal relation we use the reform as an instrument for adolescent high school enrollment, and compare the offending rates of the cohorts affected by the reform with the ones not affected. We find that one percentage point increase in the enrollment ratio reduces adolescent crime by 2.47 percent, and that the effect is highly heterogeneous across areas and mostly influenced by the degree of social capital and by the presence of organized crime. In areas characterized by pervasive organized crime, preventing adolescents from staying on the streets, by keeping them at school, is not enough to ensure the same crime reduction effect as in areas where organized crime is not pervasive. JEL Classification: I20, I28, J13, K4
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