1,720,970 research outputs found
18-0197_Supplemental_Material – Supplemental material for Treatment Strategies and Outcomes of Symptomatic Spontaneous Isolated Superior Mesenteric Artery Dissection: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
No full textSupplemental material, 18-0197_Supplemental_Material for Treatment Strategies and Outcomes of Symptomatic Spontaneous Isolated Superior Mesenteric Artery Dissection: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis by Yating Zhu, Yanghong Peng, Mingyue Xu, Yingqi Wei, Shanshan Wu, Wei Guo, Zhongyin Wu and Jiang Xiong in Journal of Endovascular Therapy</p
The Role of Language in Bilateral FDI: A Forgotten Factor?
No full textThe rapid development of modern transportation information and communication technologies has accelerated the pace of globalization. Multinational enterprises (MNEs) have increasingly broadened their use of foreign direct investment (FDI), and as a result they often need to deal with multiple languages and the associated administrative and transactions costs that come with language differences (Luo and Shenkar, 2006; Welch et al., 2001). FDI involves production, organization and management of business activities. The key to the success often lies in effective interactions and communications within MNEs and between MNEs and economic agents in host countries. To this end, language distance (LD) between home and host countries tends to influence FDI location choice
Does language matter to foreign subsidiary performance?
No full textPurpose This paper examines the role of language in foreign subsidiary performance. Design/methodology/approach We develop hypotheses relating to the effects of language difference and its interplay with cultural distance and market size. Considering languages that can be directly used and that can be acquired by MNEs, we employ language variables representing major languages and a population of 60 home and 57 host countries to study the performance of a sample of 1,751 subsidiaries between 2002 and 2013. Findings Language difference is found to have a negative impact on subsidiary performance. The positive effects of cultural distance on performance become stronger when the language difference is smaller. The language effects are also more pronounced in small markets. Practical implications This study reveals that subsidiary success depends on language difference, and such effects are more pronounced in small markets. The results also suggest that MNEs need to give more attention to bridging language barriers when they invest in culturally distant countries so that they can benefit from the positive effects of cultural distance. Originality/value Given that there is no systematic research investigating the role of language in the foreign subsidiary performance of MNEs, we make an important contribution by presenting a quantitative investigation of the language–performance relationship. The novelty of the paper also lies in examining the interplay of language difference with cultural distance and market size
Foreign direct investment as a catalyst for domestic firm development: the case of Sri Lanka
No full textForeign direct investment (FDI) carried out by multinational enterprises (MNEs) is recognized as a mechanism through which domestic firms can learn and improve competitiveness. Different from the extant literature which tends to focus on the aggregate effects of FDI in Sri Lanka, we investigate the role of FDI for domestic firm development at the firm level. Using World Bank Enterprise Survey data supplemented by industry data, preliminary investigation reveals that, compared to domestic firms, MNEs are larger, more productive, more profitable, and more active in R&D. MNEs hire higher proportion of skilled workers and undertake more in-house training programs. They are also more export-oriented but rely more on inputs of foreign origin. The gaps between foreign and domestic firms indicate the potential that Sri Lankan firms can learn from MNEs/FDI. The econometric study on firm-level productivity indicates positive direct effects and negative spillover effects of FDI on domestic firms. The findings have important policy implications
The complementarity of human capital and language capital in foreign direct investment
No full textIntegrating the literature on language-MNEs (multinational enterprises) in international business and economic theory of human capital (HC), we establish an analytical framework to systematically examine how HC and language capital (LC) jointly determine foreign direct investment (FDI). We contend that the extent to which MNEs can leverage HC in a host country for FDI depends on LC. Based on an extensive bilateral dataset covering 3315 country pairs during 1995–2008, we reveal clear evidence on the moderating role played by LC in HC-FDI relationship and such evidence is robust to different measures used for different variables, the inclusion of more control variables and different samples
The role of language in bilateral FDI: a forgotten factor?
No full textThe rapid development of modern transportation information and communication technologies has accelerated the pace of globalization. Multinational enterprises (MNEs) have increasingly broadened their use of foreign direct investment (FDI), and as a result they often need to deal with multiple languages and the associated administrative and transactions costs that come with language differences (Luo and Shenkar, 2006; Welch et al., 2001). FDI involves production, organization and management of business activities. The key to the success often lies in effective interactions and communications within MNEs and between MNEs and economic agents in host countries. To this end, language distance (LD) between home and host countries tends to influence FDI location choice
The complementarity of human capital and language capital in foreign direct investment
Full text linkIntegrating the literature on language-MNEs (multinational enterprises) in international business and economic theory of human capital (HC), we establish an analytical framework to systematically examine how HC and language capital (LC) jointly determine foreign direct investment (FDI). We contend that the extent to which MNEs can leverage HC in a host country for FDI depends on LC. Based on an extensive bilateral dataset covering 3315 country pairs during 1995–2008, we reveal clear evidence on the moderating role played by LC in HC-FDI relationship and such evidence is robust to different measures used for different variables, the inclusion of more control variables and different samples
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Does language matter to foreign subsidiary performance?
No full textPurpose:
This paper examines the role of language in foreign subsidiary performance.
Design/methodology/approach:
We develop hypotheses relating to the effects of language difference and its interplay with cultural distance and market size. Considering languages that can be directly used and that can be acquired by MNEs, we employ language variables representing major languages and a population of 60 home and 57 host countries to study the performance of a sample of 1,751 subsidiaries between 2002 and 2013.
Findings:
Language difference is found to have a negative impact on subsidiary performance. The positive effects of cultural distance on performance become stronger when the language difference is smaller. The language effects are also more pronounced in small markets.
Practical implications:
This study reveals that subsidiary success depends on language difference, and such effects are more pronounced in small markets. The results also suggest that MNEs need to give more attention to bridging language barriers when they invest in culturally distant countries so that they can benefit from the positive effects of cultural distance.
Originality/value:
Given that there is no systematic research investigating the role of language in the foreign subsidiary performance of MNEs, we make an important contribution by presenting a quantitative investigation of the language–performance relationship. The novelty of the paper also lies in examining the interplay of language difference with cultural distance and market size
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