27 research outputs found
Salida de campo a Etang de Fournelet (Francia) el 1 de mayo de 1954
No full textSalida de campo a Etang de Fournelet, seguramente cerca a la reserva natural de La Camarga, en el delta del río Ródano (Provenza), el 1 de mayo de 1954, de la que se anotaron observaciones sobre las siguientes aves: Actitis hypoleucos (Andarríos chico, llamado Actynioides hypoleucus por el autor), Circus aeruginosus (Aguilucho lagunero occidental), Himantopus himantopus (Cigüeñuela común), Motacilla flava (Lavandera boyera), Saxicola rubetra (Tarabilla norteña), Sylvia conspicillata (Curruca tomillera), Sylvia undata (Curruca rabilarga), Tringa glareola (Andarríos bastardo), Tringa nebularia (Archibebe claro) y Vanellus vanellus (Avefría europea). Incluye observaciones adicionales sobre vegetación y peces.Firld trip to Etang de Fournelet (France), probably near the nature reserve of The Camargue, at the delta of the Rhône River (Arles), the 1st of May of 1954, of which there were noted observations about the following birds: Actitis hypoleucos (Common Sandpiper, refered as Actynioides hypoleucus by the author), Circus aeruginosus (Western Marsh-Harrier), Himantopus himantopus (Black-winged Stilt), Motacilla flava (Yellow Wagtail), Saxicola rubetra (Whinchat), Sylvia conspicillata (Spectacled Warbler), Sylvia undata (Dartford Warbler), Tringa glareola (Wood Sandpiper), Tringa nebularia (Common Greenshank) and Vanellus vanellus (Northern Lapwing). Additional observations about vegetation and fishes are included
James Mim
No full textabstract: James left his home in 1988 and reached Etang in Ethiopia in 1989.
“Lost Boys Found” is an ongoing, interdisciplinary project that is collecting, recording and archiving the oral histories of the Lost Boys/Girls of Sudan. The collection is a work-in-progress, seeking to record the oral history of as many Lost Boys/Girls as are willing, and will be used in a future book.Region: BentiwThis picture and bio was donated to the "Lost Boys Found" oral history project from The Arizona Lost Boys Cente
Les mobilisations citoyennes d’arrachement de l’étang de Berre à l’industrialisation
No full textCet article aborde les mobilisations citoyennes pour la réhabilitation écologique de l’étang de Berre de 1988 à 1992. Il décrit ces mobilisations comme un travail d’arrachement de l’étang à sa vocation industrielle. Ce travail comprend trois dimensions : une reterritorialisation de l’étang, un basculement du paradigme économique, enfin une reconstruction des formes de militantisme.Tearing the Etang de Berre lagoon away from industrialization. Citizen mobilizations for making a territory up. This paper deals with the citizen mobilizations for the ecological restoration of the Etang de Berre lagoon from 1988 to 1992. The author describes these mobilizations as an attempt to tear the lagoon away from its industrial vocation. This tearing process has three dimensions: a reterritorialization of the lagoon, a shift of the economic paradigm, finally a reconstruction of forms of activism
The Labor Market and Poverty in Sudan
No full textUsing the most recent household survey
data, this paper examines the characteristics of Sudan’s
labor market as it relates to poverty outcomes. Several
important aspects of the labor market are analyzed,
including the relationship between labor market indicators
and the demographic structure of the population, geographic
location, education, and gender. It highlights the
significant differences in labor market outcomes depending
on the structure and distribution of the population and
Sudan’s labor market’s many challenges across different
dimensions, including demography, gender, and geography. The
four key messages can be summarized as follows: first, Sudan
is at the verge of entering the earl-dividend stage of the
demographic transition. Sudan’s population, while still very
young, is on track to enter into the early-dividend stage of
the demographic transition within just a few years, raising
the stakes for job creation and investment in human capita.
Second, while we find evidence for an increase in employment
and labor force participation at the national level, this
increase seems to be driven by seasonal labor in agriculture
and increasing economic hardship, respectively. In urban
areas, however, unemployment increased sharply, especially
among youth. And despite the overall increase in employment
and labor force participation, Sudan’s labor market still
underperforms in comparison to its peers. Third, Sudan’s
labor market is characterized by large gender disparities,
including in terms of employment opportunities and pay.
Finally, we find no signs of the beginnings of a structural
transformation over the time-period author study;
agriculture remains the mainstay of a large majority of
employed Sudanese. Rather, labor productivity and real wages
outside of agriculture declined markedly between 2009 and
2014, especially in sectors with links to the oil economy.
The paper offers policy insights to enhance the role of the
labor market in reducing poverty and boosting shared
prosperity in Sudan, key among which are 1) encouraging
private sector growth, 2) overcoming gender discrimination
in the labor market, 3) investing in agriculture and
re-storing price incentives, and 4) further expanding access
to quality education
Ventral-subgenual anterior cingulate cortex and self-transcendence
No full text© 2013 Tang and Tang. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.Self-transcendence (ST) is one of specific human experiences often related to harmony with nature or feeling oneness with others or the self as an integral part of the whole universe. The Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) is a widely used personality measure, and ST is one of personality dimensions (Cloninger, 1994; Cloninger et al., 1994). Previous studies showed that ST has significant positive correlation with the sgACC encompassing a ventromedial portion of the prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) using TCI and PET scan (Hakamata et al., 2013). Meanwhile, sgACC/vmPFC activity has been shown to be significantly decreased in patients with anxiety, major depression and mood disorders (Drevets et al., 2008; Shin and Liberzon, 2010; Kühn and Gallinat, 2013). Altogether, these findings suggest that sgACC/vmPFC play an important role in emotion regulation and ST (Hakamata et al., 2013)
Process length variation in cysts of a dinoflagellate, Lingulodinium machaerophorum, in surface sediments: Investigating its potential as salinity proxy
No full text“Many authors have contributed to writing this paper. Those listed in the metadata are: the main/contact author, the first listed author and Brunel University author(s). For a full list of the authors, please see the PDF version.”A biometrical analysis of the dinoflagellate cyst Lingulodinium machaerophorum (Deflandre and Cookson 1955) Wall, 1967 in 144 globally distributed surface sediment samples revealed that the average process length is related to summer salinity and temperature at a water depth of 30 m by the equation (salinity/temperature) = (0.078*average process length + 0.534) with R² = 0.69. This relationship can be used to reconstruct palaeosalinities, albeit with caution. The particular ecological window can be associated with known distributions of the corresponding motile stage Lingulodinium polyedrum (Stein) Dodge, 1989. Confocal laser microscopy showed that the average process length is positively related to the average distance between process bases (R²=0.78), and negatively related to the number of processes (R²=0.65). These results document the existence of two end members in cyst formation: one with many short, densely distributed processes and one with a few, long, widely spaced processes, which can be respectively related to low and high salinity/temperature ratios. Obstruction during formation of the cysts causes anomalous distributions of the processes. From a biological perspective, processes function to facilitate sinking of the cysts through clustering
Parcellaires antiques et histoire du paysage : le cas de la rive orientale de l'étang de Berre
No full textIn 1973-74 the R.A.N. published a systematic inventory of Roman centuriations in Provence. Mrs J. Soyer, author of the article, exposed that numerous remains of Roman cadastration could be detected in current boundaries. According to her, the surroundings of "Etang de Berre" (Bouches-du-Rhône) had kept features of at least four roman centuriations. Since then, a further study of these basic frame- works and settlements around the "Etang de Berre" has been undertaken by a team, in a pluridiciplinary research group context.
An analysis of current boundaries, based upon the cohesive agrarian units, and the relationship between different components of the landscape lead us to reconsider the identifications proposed by earlier studies. The current modern landscape seems to be more the result of a progressive and complex change than issued directly from Roman boundaries.La R.A.N. avait publié en 1973-74 un recensement systématique des centuriations de Provence. L'auteur de l'article, Jacqueline Soyer, proposait de voir, dans un grand nombre de cas, les restes de cadastres antiques dans le parcellaire actuel. Les plaines bordant l'Etang de Berre (Bouches-du-Rhône) auraient conservé des vestiges de quatre centuriations. L'étude de ces structures a été reprise dans le cadre d'un programme de recherche pluridisciplinaire sur l'occupation du sol autour de l'Etang.
Une analyse du parcellaire actuel basée sur l'étude des unités agraires et des relations entre les différents éléments constitutifs du paysage nous a conduit à remettre en cause les identifications proposées. Dans le secteur étudié le paysage moderne n'est pas issu de l'évolution de cadastrations antiques. Son élaboration est plus progressive et complexe.Royet Robert. Parcellaires antiques et histoire du paysage : le cas de la rive orientale de l'étang de Berre. In: Revue archéologique de Narbonnaise, tome 22, 1989. pp. 323-339
Immediate Effects of Smoking on Cardiorespiratory Responses During Dynamic Exercise: Arm Versus Leg Ergometry
No full textPurpose: This study compared the immediate effects of smoking on cardiorespiratory responses to dynamic arm and leg exercises. Methods: This randomized crossover study recruited 14 college students. Each participant underwent 2 sets of arm-cranking (AC) and leg-cycling (LC) exercise tests. The testing sequences of the control trial (participants refrained from smoking for 8 hours before testing) and the experimental trial (participants smoked 2 cigarettes) were randomly chosen. We observed immediate changes in pulmonary function and heart rate variability after smoking and before the exercise test. The participants then underwent graded exercise tests of their arms and legs, respectively, until reaching exhaustion. We compared the peak work achieved and the time to exhaustion during the exercise tests with various cardiorespiratory indices [i.e., heart rate, oxygen consumption (VO2), minute ventilation (VE)]. The main effects of the time and the trial, as well as their interaction effects on outcome measures, were investigated using repeated measure ANOVA.Results: Five minutes after smoking, the participants exhibited reduced forced vital capacities and forced expiratory volumes in the first second (P < .05), in addition to elevated resting heart rates (P < .001). The high-frequency, low-frequency, and the total power of the heart rate variability were also reduced (P < .05) at rest. For the exercise test periods, smoking reduced the time to exhaustion (P = .005) and the ventilatory threshold (P < .05) in the LC tests, whereas there were no significant effects in the AC tests. A trend analysis revealed a significant (P < .001) trial-by-time interaction effect for heart rate, VO2, and VE during the graded exercise test. Lower VO2 and VE levels were exhibited in the exercise response of the smoking trial than in that of the control LC trials, whereas there was no discernable inter-trial difference in the AC trials. Moreover, the differences in heart rate and VE response between the LC and AC exercises were significantly smaller after the participants smoked.Conclusion: This study verified that smoking can significantly decrease performance and cardiorespiratory responses to leg exercises. However, the negative effects of smoking on arm exercise performance were not as pronounced
Natural and anthropogenic sources of copper to organic soils: a global, geochemical perspective
No full textCopper (Cu) is essential for all organisms but is commonly deficient in organic soils or found locally in excess. Natural and anthropogenic inputs of Cu were examined using 32 peat cores from bogs in Europe, North America, New Zealand, Greenland, and Antarctica. The natural abundance of Cu in ombrotrophic (rainwater-fed) peat was studied using (1) samples from pre-industrial periods (representing background values), (2) bromine (Br) concentrations and the background Cu/Br ratio, and (3) cores from remote locations. Etang de la Gruère in Switzerland provides a record of 15 000 yr of peat accumulation. The lowest Cu concentrations (1.0 ± 0.20 mg·kg−1) are found in 18 peat layers dating from ca. 6000 to 9000 cal yr BP, when atmospheric deposition of soil-derived dust was at a minimum. Similar background values occur in peat bogs from other regions. Recent peat layers from bogs in developed areas reveal much greater concentrations. Using the Cu/Br ratio, “excess” Cu in peat profiles can be calculated and attributed either to anthropogenic inputs in recent peats or natural inputs from mineral–water interactions in deeper layers. Peat cores from remote regions of northern Alberta show little or no evidence of anthropogenic Cu.The presentation of the authors' names and (or) special characters in the title of the pdf file of the accepted manuscript may differ slightly from what is displayed on the item page. The information in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript reflects the original submission by the author
A key time point for cell growth and magnetosome synthesis of Magnetospirillum gryphiswaldense based on real-time analysis of physiological factors
No full textPure culture of magnetotactic bacteria with high magnetosome yield has been achieved for only a few strains. The major obstacles involve the nutritional requirements and culture conditions of the cells. To increase cell density and magnetosome production, it is necessary to elucidate the physiological characteristics of a particular strain during cell growth and develop an appropriate artificial control strategy.Large-scale culture of Magnetospirillum gryphiswaldense strain MSR-1 was successfully performed for 48 h in a 42-L autofermentor, and several key physiological parameters were measured in real time. Maximal values of cell density (OD565) (19.4) and cell yield (dry weight) (4.76 g/L) were attained at 40 h. The key time point for cell growth and magnetosome formation was found to be 18-20 h. At this point, cells entered the log phase of growth, the maximal values of Cmag (1.78), iron content (0.47% ), and magnetosome number (26±3 per cell) were observed, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity began to decrease more rapidly, ATP content dropped to an extremely low level (0.17 fmol), and reducing power (NADH/NAD+ ratio) began to increase very rapidly. Excessive levels of dissolved oxygen (≥20 ppb) and lactic acid in the medium caused notable cytotoxic effects after 20 h. Artificial control measures for fermentation must be based on realistic cell physiological conditions. At the key time point (18-20 h), cell density is high and magnetosomes have matured. The process of magnetosome synthesis involves a high consumption of ATP and reducing power, and the cells require replenishment of nutrients prior to the 18-20 h time point. Culture conditions that effectively minimize dissolved oxygen accumulation, lactic acid content, and reducing power at this point will enhance magnetosome yield without obvious inhibition of cell growth
