1,720,982 research outputs found
Formation of GaN porous structures with improved structural controllability by photoassisted electrochemical etching
Get PDFWe aimed to develop a photoassisted electrochemical etching process for the formation of GaN porous structures. Pore linearity and depth controllability were strongly affected by the anode voltage. In addition, the use of light with an energy below the band gap played an important role in controlling the pore diameter. Spectro-electrochemical measurements revealed that the high electric field induced at the GaN/electrolyte interface caused a redshift of the photoabsorption edge. This specific phenomenon can be explained by a theoretical calculation based on the Franz-Keldysh effect. On the basis of the results of our experimental and theoretical analyze, we propose a formation model for GaN porous structures. We also note that the application of the Franz-Keldysh effect is useful in controlling the structural properties of GaN porous structures
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Large photocurrent-response observed at Pt/InP Schottky interface formed on anodic porous structure
Get PDFA photoelectric-conversion device-based on an InP porous structure utilizing the large surface area inside pores and the low reflectance on the porous surface-is proposed. The InP walls inside the pores are covered with thin platinum films that form a Schottky barrier yielding an electric field that separates photo carriers generated under illumination. The coverage of the platinum film and its optical reflectance depended largely on the surface morphology of the porous structure. Removal of the irregular top layer formed at the initial stage of the pore formation effectively improved the coverage of the platinum film, which showed a very low optical reflectance (i.e., below 3.2%). According to current-voltage measurements under illumination, the platinum/porous InP showed larger photocurrents and higher responsivity than those of a reference planar sample
Investigation on optical absorption properties of electrochemically formed porous InP using photoelectric conversion devices
Get PDFWe investigated the optical absorption properties of InP porous structures formed by the electrochemical process using photoelectric conversion (PC) devices formed on p-n junction substrates. The photocurrent measurements revealed that the current from PC devices changed in response to the incident light power and the thickness of the top layer on the p-n interface. Since the photocarriers contributing to the observed photocurrents are excited by the photons reaching the p-n interface through the top layer, the photocurrents give us information on the optical absorption properties of the top layer. The photocurrents observed on a porous device with a porous structure in the top layer were lower than that of a non-porous device, indicating that the absorption properties of InP were enhanced after the formation of porous structures. This phenomenon can be explained in terms of absorption coefficient, α, increased by the light scattering and the sub-bandgap absorption in the porous layer. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
Interface trap states in Al2O3/AlGaN/GaN structure induced by inductively coupled plasma etching of AlGaN surfaces
Get PDFWe have investigated the effects of the inductively coupled plasma (ICP) etching of AlGaN surface on the resulting interface properties of the Al2O3/AlGaN/GaN structures. The experimentally measured capacitance-voltage (C-V) characteristics were compared with those calculated taking into account the interface states density at the Al2O3/AlGaN interface. As a complementary method, photoassisted C-V method utilizing photons with energies less than the bandgap of GaN was also used to probe the interface state density located near AlGaN midgap. It was found that the ICP etching of the AlGaN surface significantly increased the interface state density at the Al2O3/AlGaN interface. It is likely that ICP etching induced the interface roughness, disorder of chemical bonds and formation of various type of defect complexes including nitrogen-vacancy-related defects at the AlGaN surface, leading to poor C-V curve due to higher interface state density at the Al2O3/AlGaN interface
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