282 research outputs found
Risk of Cigarette Smoking on Male Fertility in Gaza Governorate, Gaza Strip
Get PDFBackground: Epidemiological studies have shown an association between smoking and increasing risk of male infertility. Aim: To assess the risk of cigarette smoking on male fertility in Gaza Governorate, Gaza Strip. Place of study: Specialized laboratories in Gaza Governorate, Gaza Strip. Time of study: From October, 2010 to June, 2011 Subjects and Methods: The present case control study included 54 smokers (cases) and 54 non smokers (controls) matched with age. Data were collected by questionnaire interview, semen and hormonal analysis. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 18. Results: The mean ages of controls and cases were 33.5±7.6 and 32.7±6.3 years, respectively. The percentage of cases who had children was lower than controls (37.0% v 81.5%, P=0.000). The percentages of cases who had testes surgery, previous semen and hormone analysis were higher than controls (33.3% v 11.1%; 88.9% v 29.9% and 83.3% v 9.3%, P=0.005, P=0.000 and P=0.000, respectively). Passive smoking was significantly associated with male fertility (P=0.000). The majority of cases were cigarette smokers and around half of them smoked more than 20 cigarettes/day. In addition, more than half of the cases smoked for 5-15 years. The longer duration of smoking, the less number of cases having children (P=0.026). Smoking had negative impact on sexual desire and erection in about quarter of cases. The mean sample volume, total count and active sperm were significantly decreased in cases compared to controls (2.7±1.3, 16.7±16.1 and 22.0±16.3 v 4.1±1.9, 52.6±14.6 and 43.3±11.2, with P=0.004, P=0.000 and P=0.000, respectively), whereas the mean abnormalities and dead sperms were markedly increased (23.0±9.9 and 57.9±16.2 v 10.9±6.0 and 35.8±10.2, respectively, P=0.000). When semen parameters were related to the number of smoked cigarettes/day and duration of smoking, there was a significant decrease in the number of active sperms whereas dead sperms were significantly increased with increasing the number of smoked cigarettes/day and smoking duration. In addition, total sperm count was significantly decreased only with increasing smoking duration. The mean levels of testosterone, luteinizing hormone (LH), follicular stimulating hormone (FSH) and prolactin in cases showed no significant decrease compared to controls. Also, the number of smoked cigarettes/day and duration of smoking had no significant effect on hormonal profile. Conclusions: Cigarette smoking affects fertility by its main negative impact on semen parameters rather than hormonal profile at least in our patients
Structural adjustment in Egypt : the case of agriculture
Get PDFThis thesis assesses the appropriateness and effectiveness of the economic reform and structural adjustment programme adopted by Egypt in 1991. It also examines the main political and economic constraints of such policies. It argues that it is unlikely to provide sustainable or equitable growth. It also argues that privatisation
programmes in Egypt have a limited effect on improving levels of investment and growth. It stresses the need to encourage new investment to increase the productive
capacity of the Egyptian economy in order to generate sustainable growth. The thesis examines in particular, economic reforms in the agricultural sector. It focuses
on assessing price reforms so as to enquire how evenly distributed the benefits have been among farmers with different sizes of land holding. Those with big farms are
likely to gain more while very small farmers and the landless are likely to lose. Within agriculture the thesis assesses the impact of structural adjustment on Egypt's
agribusiness community. This sector is economically fragmented, has limited effectiveness and is politically weak regarding its participation and its influence on
economic policy. The thesis argues that the success Df this sector is based on the availability of a strong and effective state to provide the legal and regulatory.
infrastructure needed for an effective market economy, to abolish administrative obstacles and to enhance investors' credibility. In short, the thesis maintains that sustaining the economic reform is based on reviving productive investments and enhancing state capacity and democratisation
Replication data for: Source apportionment of fine particulate matter in Houston, Texas: Insights to secondary organic aerosols
No full textThis dataset contains the data published in figures and tables of the journal article entitled: "Source apportionment of fine particulate matter in Houston, Texas: Insights to secondary organic aerosols". Published in the Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 2018. Author list: Ibrahim M. Al-Naiema, Anusha P. S. Hettiyadura, Henry W. Wallace, Nancy P. Sanchez, Carter J. Madler, Basak Karacurt Cevik, Alexander A. T. Bui, Josh Kettler, Robert J. Griffin, and Elizabeth A. Stone
Replication data for: Source apportionment of fine particulate matter in Houston, Texas: Insights to secondary organic aerosols
No full textThis dataset contains the data published in figures and tables of the journal article entitled: "Source apportionment of fine particulate matter in Houston, Texas: Insights to secondary organic aerosols". Published in the Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 2018. Author list: Ibrahim M. Al-Naiema, Anusha P. S. Hettiyadura, Henry W. Wallace, Nancy P. Sanchez, Carter J. Madler, Basak Karacurt Cevik, Alexander A. T. Bui, Josh Kettler, Robert J. Griffin, and Elizabeth A. Stone
Mohammed Ali, ʿƎmanini (“Trust me”): Linguistic features of a novel in Tigre
No full textThe novel ʿƎmanini (“Trust me”) by Mohammed Ali Ibrahim Mohammed (born 1966) is the first work written in Tigre by a native speaker. This is a true literary and linguistic experiment, which will greatly enrich our knowledge of the Tǝgrāyǝt grammar and vocabulary, specifically its little known variant spoken among the Beni ʿAmǝr. Several phonetic, morphological, syntactical and lexical peculiarities of the text are here examined in order to reveal whether they are dictated by linguistic constraints (lexico-semantic, grammatical or pragmatic), or have been chosen by the author as stylistic devices for reasons of expressiveness. Passages of ʿƎmanini are here published, translated and commented
Waka Al-Ḥaqqu
Get PDFThe entire manuscript is available for download as a single PDF file. Higher-resolution images may
be available upon request. For technical assistance, please contact [email protected]. Fieldwork Team: Dr. Mustapha Hashim Kurfi (Principal Investigator), Malam
Umar Hajji Mustapha (Local Project Manager) and Abdullahi Mohammed (General Field Facilitator).
Technical Team: Prof. Fallou Ngom (Director African Studies Center), and Eleni Castro (Technical Lead, BU Libraries). This collection of Yoruba Anjemi materials are copied as part of the African Studies Center’s African Ajami Library. Access Condition and Copyright: These materials are subject to copyright. All rights reserved to the author. For use, distribution or reproduction contact Professor Fallou Ngom ([email protected]). Citation: Materials in this web edition should be cited as: Kurfi, Mustapha Hashim, Ngom, Fallou, and Castro, Eleni (2019). African Ajami Library: Digital Preservation of Yoruba Anjemi Materials of Southwestern Nigeria. Boston: Boston University Libraries: http://hdl.handle.net/2144/38122. For Inquiries: Please contact Professor Fallou Ngom ([email protected]).Provenance and Condition: This Yoruba Anjemi manuscript is owned by the Markaz Ihyahil Islam Abayawo, Ilorin – Nigeria, an institution which propagates, teaches, and popularizes Yoruba Anjemi knowledge. This manuscript is 12 pages long, and all the pages are numbered using Arabic numerals. It is in good condition and has the name of the translator, al-Ḥājj Ibrahim bn al-Ḥājj Abubakar Yusuf, with the date of publishing (1423 A.H.).This manuscript titled Al-Ḥaqqu bi Al-Ḥaqqi fi Madḥi Sāḥib Al-Ḥaqqi, also known as Waka Al-Ḥaqqu (The Truth with the Truth in Praising the Truthful One) is a short pocket-sized book of poems, proclaiming the truthfulness and glory of Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him. Waka is a generic name for poems eulogizing the Prophet, and various tags are attached to the particular one in question. This one is Waka al-Ḥaqqu. Written in Yoruba Anjemi, using the standard Mashriqi style of writing, the author, Al-Ḥājj Ibrahim as-Sufi opens with a concise introduction in Arabic, setting the stage for the poem. Then he goes on to rhapsodize about the truthful nature of Muhammad, the Messenger of Allah. Famous among the Yoruba Muslim communities, it is mostly chanted during prayer groups, Islamic functions, and other gatherings. Pupils in Islamiyya schools, women in their walimat, and men are all acquainted with the Waka al-Ḥaqqu.The contents of this collection were developed with support of the Title VI National Resource Center grant # P015A180164 from the U.S. Department of Education. However, those contents do not necessarily represent the policy of the U.S. Department of Education, and you should not assume endorsement by the Federal Government
The state and politics of migrant labour in Kuwait
Get PDFThis study examines the relationship between the state in Kuwait and the use of large numbers of migrant workers in the Kuwaiti economy. Migrant labour has become essential not only in every aspect of economic life but also as a means of reproducing state power based on traditional social relations. An understanding of the migrant labour system is thus necessary for any understanding of the nature of political relations and political power. Although imports of foreign labour arose in response to economic,
rather than political, changes (specifically the development of the oil industry) the state has regulated its
presence in such a way as to strengthen its own position by increasin g the loyalty of Kuwaiti citizens. While migrants staff virtually all key sectors of economic and administrative life, oil revenues have been used to guarantee government employment and numerous state welfare benefits to all indigenous workers. The effect of this is an "embourgeoisement" of Kuwaiti labour with a consequence that a significant indigenous working class in the industrial sense does not exist. This situation has, in turn, served to legitimate the political system (and with it the traditional stratum of power holders) in the eyes of Kuwaitis. Migrant labour has also come to serve indigenous capitalists interests. Class fractions such as landlords and import merchants have constructed their prosperity around migrant labour, a factor which has served to lessen tensions between the merchant class and the ruling family and thus further stabilised and legitimised the state. Both Kuwaiti workers and merchants derive numerous state benefits from a legal structure which curtails the civil status of migrants, denying them political rights of expression and association, most social benefits and the right to own property, while simultaneously placing them in relationships of dependence on Kuwaits. The presence of migrants, therefore, makes possible the development
of Kuwait's oil wealth, ensure the profits and privileges of its citizens, and allows the state to use economic development and oil wealth to strengthen its own position and avoid the political challenges which modernisation might otherwise bring through the process of class formation
Itan-Akọọlẹ (Islamic history in Yoruba Anjemi)
Get PDFThe entire manuscript is available for download as a single PDF file. Higher-resolution images may
be available upon request. For technical assistance, please contact [email protected]. Fieldwork Team: Dr. Mustapha Hashim Kurfi (Principal Investigator), Malam
Umar Hajji Mustapha (Local Project Manager) and Abdullahi Mohammed (General Field Facilitator).
Technical Team: Prof. Fallou Ngom (Director African Studies Center), and Eleni Castro (Technical Lead, BU Libraries). This collection of Yoruba Anjemi materials are copied as part of the African Studies Center’s African Ajami Library. Access Condition and Copyright: These materials are subject to copyright. All rights reserved to the author. For use, distribution or reproduction contact Professor Fallou Ngom ([email protected]). Citation: Materials in this web edition should be cited as: Kurfi, Mustapha Hashim, Ngom, Fallou, and Castro, Eleni (2019). African Ajami Library: Digital Preservation of Yoruba Anjemi Materials of Southwestern Nigeria. Boston: Boston University Libraries: http://hdl.handle.net/2144/38122. For Inquiries: Please contact Professor Fallou Ngom ([email protected]).Provenance and Condition: This manuscript is owned by the Markaz Ihyahil Islam Abayawo, Ilorin – Nigeria, an institution which propagates, teaches, and popularizes Yoruba Anjemi knowledge. This manuscript is in good condition and has the name of the translator/author, Mālam Ibrahim Abubakar Yusuf Ṣūfī, along with the date of publication (1423 A.H.), and the full address of the sponsor (Markaz).This 41-page manuscript titled, Islamic History in Yoruba Anjemi, talks about the history of Islam, especially the life history of Prophet Muḥammad, Peace be upon him. On the cover page, which is mostly written in Yoruba Anjemi, there is a Qur’anic verse which roughly translates: "Verily, these stories are the truth of the histories..." Although titled a history book, this work also includes parts on Fiqh – Islamic Jurisprudence, and Tawḥīd -- unification or oneness of God. The author used the standard Mashriqi style of writing, and numbered the pages in Arabic numerals. Unlike most Yoruba Anjemi translated works, the author begins with an introduction in Yoruba Anjemi, instead of Arabic.The contents of this collection were developed with support of the Title VI National Resource Center grant # P015A180164 from the U.S. Department of Education. However, those contents do not necessarily represent the policy of the U.S. Department of Education, and you should not assume endorsement by the Federal Government
Qawā’id al-Ṣalāt (Principles of Ritual Prayers)
Get PDFThe entire manuscript is available for download as a single PDF file. Higher-resolution images may be available upon request. For technical assistance, please contact [email protected]. Fieldwork Team: Dr. Mustapha Hashim Kurfi (Principal Investigator), Mohammed Bara’u Musa & Hauwa Usman (Local Project Managers), Adamu Mohammed, Abacha Kachalla, Abdrra’uf Abdullahi & Falmaa Madu Ibrahim (General Field Facilitators), and Haladu Mamman (Photographer). Technical Team: Prof. Fallou Ngom (Director African Studies Center), and Eleni Castro (Technical Lead, BU Libraries). These Collections of Fulfulde & Kanuri Ajami materials are copied as part of the African Studies Center’s African Ajami Library.
Access Condition and Copyright: These materials are subject to copyright. All rights reserved to the author. For use, distribution or reproduction contact Professor Fallou Ngom ([email protected]).
Citation: Materials in this web edition should be cited as: Kurfi, Mustapha Hashim, Ngom, Fallou, and Castro, Eleni (2019). African Ajami Library: Digital Preservation of Fulfulde & Kanuri Ajami Materials of Northeastern Nigeria. Boston: Boston University Libraries: http://hdl.handle.net/2144/38242. For Inquiries: Please contact Professor Fallou Ngom ([email protected]).Provenance / Custodial history: The owner is Umar Ibrahim who hails from Gamborou-Ngala in Borno State in northeastern Nigeria. The owner, Umar, is a madrasa teacher, who uses the manuscript as instructional material. He said that he teaches three categories of students (students, married women, and adult males) and that he uses the same text for all his students.This manuscript is the Arabic version of Qawā’id al-Ṣalāt with extensive glosses in Kanuri Ajami. The text is popular and it is generally among the very first books that students in madrasa and the traditional Tsangaya schools study. Though, its title suggests ritual prayers, it first addresses the preliminary rituals of ablution, required ritual showers, and then ritual prayers, which is the major subject matter of the rest of the manuscript. The glosses are smaller in font compared to the main Arabic text. The last part of the manuscript deals with monotheism and explains the attributes of Allāh. It concludes with a supplication that is recited in the last segment of ritual prayers. In so doing, the writer illustrates the importance of Islamic ritual prayers and shows his style of writing: starting out with a strong introduction, then logically presenting the sequences of rituals involved in obligatory daily prayers, and concluding with prayers. The manuscript has 15 pages and is a complete unbound copy. It has no signs of damage. It is undated but has page numbers.The contents of this collection were developed with support of the Title VI National Resource Center grant # P015A180164 from the U.S. Department of Education. However, those contents do not necessarily represent the policy of the U.S. Department of Education, and you should not assume endorsement by the Federal Government
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