1,720,953 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Інтенсивність та тривалість фаз загоєння рани після хірургічного втручання при спонтанному пародонтиті на тлі різної реактивності організму
No full textThe usage of the principle of optimal management, namely such effects on complicated forms, when the course of the disease is close to that of uncomplicated course of the disease is very promising in drug therapy of patients with generalized periodontitis.
The aim is to study the intensity and duration of the phases of wound healing of the mucosa after spontaneous periodontitis surgery accompanied by normo-, hyper- and hyporeactivity of the body by cytological examination of smear-imprints of wound exudate.
Materials and methods: The experiments were performed on 24 adult mongrel dogs divided into three equal groups. In the first group, drugs that disrupt the reactivity of the organism were not used (normoreactivity of the organism). In the second group, the animals were simulated a сondition of hyperreactivity, in the third group – the hyporeactivity of the organism. All the animals with spontaneous periodontitis underwent a patchwork surgery. In the period after surgery, cytological examination was performed on the 1st, 4th, 6th and 9th day of the experiment.
Results: It has been revealed that in cases of the normal reactivity of the organism the following periods of cellular reactions during the healing of the gums mucous membrane can be differentiated within the appropriate terms: the period of degenerative-inflammatory changes (1st day), active granulocyte-macrophage reaction (4th day), reparations (6th day) and the period of increase of reparative processes with a decrease in the overall cellular response (9th day).
Examination of smear-imprints after surgical treatment in animals with spontaneous periodontitis with hyper- and hyporeactivity of the body allowed to identify the same periods of cellular reactions during the healing of the gingival mucosa, as in cases of normoreaction with hyperreation.Tthe intensity and duration of the wound healing phases differed from those which are typical for normoreactivity of the body: granulocyte-macrophage reaction was more pronounced and lasted longer until the 6th day, so later only on the 9th day there were cellular signs of regeneration.
With hyporeaction, the intensity and duration of the wound healing phases differed from those which are typical for normoreactivity of the body: granulocyte reaction occurred later (only on the 6th day) and lasted longer, signs of active regeneration appeared later on the 9th day. Therefore, postoperative wound healing in animals with impaired body reactivity was delayed for 3-4 days.
Conclusions: Thus, direct medical correction with transforming intensity and duration of the phases of the wound process which are characteristic for impaired reactivity of the body into the phases which are typical for normoreaction is essential. It provides synchronization of necrotic and reparative processes and creates conditions for normal uncomplicated healing of periodontal soft tissuesПерспективным является применение при медикаментозной терапии больных генерализованным пародонтитом принципа оптимального управления, тоесть такого влияния на осложненные формы, когда течение заболевания.
Цель изучить интенсивность и длительность фаз течения заживления раны слизистой оболочки после проведенного хирургического лечения при спонтанном пародонтите на фоне нормо-, гипер- и гипореактивности организма путем цитологического исследования мазков-отпечатков раневого экссудата.
Материалы и методы: Исследования выполнены на 24 взрослых беспородных собаках, разделенных на три равные группы. В первой группе препараты, нарушающие реактивность организма, не применялись (нормореактивность организма). Во второй группе животным моделировали состояние гиперреактивности, в третьей - гипореактивности организма. Всем животным со спонтанным пародонтитом выполняли лоскутную операцию. В период после проведенного хирургического вмешательства цитологическое исследование проводили на 1-е, 4-е, 6-е и 9-е сутки эксперимента.
Результаты: Установили, что при нормореактивности организма можно виделить: период дегенеративно-воспалительных изменений (1-е сутки), активная гранулоцитарно-макрофагальная реакция (4-е сутки) и появление клеточных признаков репарации (6-е сутки), а также период наростания репаративных процессов со снижением общей клеточной реакции (9-е сутки). Указанные сроки фаз заживления раны формируют нормореактивный ответ на повреждение с синхронизацией некротических и репаративных процессов, в конечном итоге, обеспечиваются условиядля нормального неосложненного заживления мягких тканей пародонта.
Исследование мазков-отпечатков после хирургического лечения у животных со спонтанным пародонтитом при гиперр- и гипореактивности организма позволило виделить такие же периоды клеточных реакций напротяжении заживления слизистой оболочки десны, как и при нормореакции. При гиперреакции интенсивность и длительность фаз заживления раны отличались от таких при нормореактивности организма: гранулоцитарно-макрофагальная реакция была более выраженной и длительной до 6-х суток, поэтому позже только на 9-е сутки появлялись клеточные признаки регенерации. Поэтому заживление послеоперационной раны у животных с повышенной реактивностью организма было отсроченным на 3-4 суток, то есть осложненным.
При гипореакции интенсивность и длительность фаз заживления раны отличались от таких при нормореактивности организма: гранулоцитарная реакция наступала позже (только на 6-е сутки) и была более длительной, признаки активной регенерации появлялись позже на 9-е сутки. Поэтому заживление послеоперационной раны у животных с нарушеной реактивностью организма было отсроченным на 3-4 суток.
Выводы: Таким образом, целесообразной является направленная медикаментозная коррекция с приведением интенсивности и длительности фаз раневого процесса при нарушенной реактивности организма к таким при нормореакции, что обеспечивет синхронизацию некротических и репаративных процессов и создает условия для нормального неосложненного заживления мягких тканей пародонтаПерспективним є застосування при медикаментозній терапії хворих на генералізований пародонтит принципу оптимального управління, тобто такого впливу на ускладнені форми, коли перебіг захворювання (стан зони пошкодження, систем регулювання, термінів розвитку) наближається до такого при неускладненому.
Мета вивчити інтенсивність та тривалість фаз перебігу загоєння рани слизової оболонки після проведеного хірургічного лікування при спонтанному пародонтиті на тлі нормо-, гіпер- та гіпореактивності організму шляхом цитологічного дослідження мазків-відбитків раневого ексудату.
Матеріали та методи: Досліди виконані на 24 дорослих безпородних собаках, розподілених на три рівні групи. У першій групі препарати, що порушують реактивність організму, не застосовувалися (нормореактивність організму). У другій групі тваринам моделювали стан гіперреактивності, в третій - гіпореактивності організму. Всім тваринам зі спонтанним пародонтитом виконували клаптеву операцію за Цешинським-Відманом-Нейманом. У період після проведеного хірургічного втручання цитологічне дослідження здійснювали на 1-у, 4-у, 6-у і 9-у добу експерименту.
Результати: Встановили, що при нормореактивності організму можна виділити період дегенеративно-запальних змін (1-а доба), активну гранулоцитарно-макрофагальна реакцію (4-а доба) і появу клітинних ознак репарації (6-а доба) та період наростання репаративних процесів зі зниженням загальної клітинної реакції (9-а доба). Дослідження мазків-відбитків після хірургічного лікування у тварин зі спонтанним пародонтитом при гіпер- та гіпореактивности організму дозволило виділити такі ж самі періоди клітинних реакцій протягом загоєння слизової оболонки ясен, як і при нормореакції. При гіперреакції інтенсивність та тривалість фаз загоєння рани відрізнялись від таких при нормореактивності організму: гранулоцитарно-макрофагальна реакція була більш вираженою і тривала довше до 6-ї доби, тому пізніше тільки на 9-у добу з'являлися клітинні ознаки регенерації. При гіпореакції, інтенсивність та тривалість фаз загоєння рани відрізнялись від таких при нормореактивності організму: гранулоцитарна реакція наступала пізніше (лише на 6-у добу) і тривала довше, ознаки активної регенерації з'являлися пізніше на 9-у добу. Тому загоєння післяопераційної рани у тварин з порушеною реактивністю організму було відстроченим на 3-4 доби.
Висновки: Таким чином, доцільною є спрямована медикаментозна корекція з приведенням інтенсивності та тривалості фаз раневого процесу при порушеній реактивності організму до таких при нормореакції, що забезпечує синхронізацією некротичних і репаративних процесів та створює умови для нормального неускладненого загоєння м'яких тканин пародонт
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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