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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Genealogical method and self-care in Michel Foucault
No full textFoucault'nun felsefesinin üç dönemi - arkeoloji, soykütük ve etik - araştırma alanları ve metodolojik ayrımlarla ayırt edilir. Foucault 1980'de dikkatini, özellikle özne sorunu hakkında pek çok tartışma yaratan etiğe çevirmiştir. Söylem ve iktidar analizinden etiğe bu geçiş, Foucault'nun özne ve hakikat meselesini, özgürlüğün kullanılması sorunuyla birlikte ele aldığı bir süreçtir. Bu tezdeki öncelikli ilgi alanım, Foucault'nun etik alanındaki çalışmalarının eleştirisi dışında, özne ve hakikat meselesinde soykütük kavramından kendilik bakımı pratiklerine uzanan analizidir. Kabul edilmiş ve dayatılmış hakikatlerin ve öznelliklerin değişebilirliğini göstermek için anlatımımı, Foucault'nun "şimdinin ontolojisi" olarak soykütük ve bir "olay" olarak söylem fikrinden yararlanarak kurdum. Modern iktidar, yaşamın her alanına yayılan ve buralarda işleyen karmaşık bir ilişkiler ağı olarak kabul edildiği için, aynı anlatı akışını kullanarak, Foucault'nun, biyoiktidarı cinsellik söylemi aracılığıyla incelerken modern iktidarı nasıl değerlendirdiğini de göstermeye çalıştım. Foucault'nun entelektüel yolculuğunda önceden belirlenmiş bir rota izlemek, onun fikirlerini tamamen reddetmek olacaktır. Bu nedenle Foucault'nun dolambaçlı düşüncesini, metodolojik dönemselleştirmeleri vurgulamadan, özne ve hakikat anlatısı temelinde açımlamaya çalışacağım. Foucault'nun etiğinin, kendini bilme ve ifşaya dayanan herhangi bir ahlâkın aksine, politik ve estetik bir bileşenle nasıl ilişkili olduğunu görmek olanaklıdır. Bunun nedeni, Foucault'nun etiğinin, benlik kaygısı ve bakımının bir sonucu olarak bilgi ve varoluşla örtüşen bir özgürlük pratiği olmasıdır. Ayrıca Foucault'nun şimdinin ontolojisine odaklanmasının, etik alanla nasıl bir bağlantısı olduğunu ve bilginin olanaklılığından ziyade kendini dönüştürme koşullarını araştıran eleştirel felsefesiyle nasıl birlikte işlediğini göstermek üzere, anlatının son bölümünde Antik Yunan etiği ve Sokratik Parrhesia'yı ele aldım.The three periods of Foucault's philosophy—archeology, genealogy, and ethics—are distinguished by research areas and methodological distinctions. In 1980, he turned his attention to ethics, which has generated a lot of debate, particularly on the problem of the subject. This transition from the analysis of discourse and power to ethics is a process in which Foucault addresses the issue of the subject and truth together with the question of the exercise of freedom. My primary interest in this thesis, apart from the critique of Foucault's work in the field of ethics, is his analysis of the subject and truth, ranging from the concept of genealogy to the practices of self-care. To illustrate the mutability of accepted and imposed truths and subjectivities, I constructed my narrative utilizing Foucault's exposition of the idea of genealogy as an "ontology of the present" and discourse as an "event." Since modern power is considered to be a complex network of relations that pervades and works in all domains of life, using the same narrative thread I will also try to show how Foucault regarded modern power while examining biopower through the discourse of sexuality. To pursue a predetermined route through Foucault's intellectual journey would be to reject his ideas entirely. Therefore, I will try to explicate Foucault's winding thought, without emphasizing the methodological periodizations, but rather on the ground of the narrative of the subject and truth. It could be possible to see how Foucault's ethics relates to a political and aesthetic component as well, in contrast to any morality, which is based on self-knowledge and revelation. This is because Foucault's ethics is a practice of freedom that overlaps with knowledge and existence as a result of self-concern and care. Furthermore, in the last part of the narrative I have taken up Ancient Greek ethics and Socratic Parrhesia to show how Foucault's focus on the ontology of the present is linked to the ethical field and how it works together with his critical philosophy, which explores the conditions of self-transformation rather than the possibility of knowledge
Critical thought and ethics in Foucault: Socratic parrhesia and Sapere Aude
No full textKullandığı yöntem ve analiz ettiği konuların farklılık göstermesinin yanında Foucault’nun felsefesinin başlıca problemi, evrensel ve zorunlu olduğu düşünülen öznel deneyimlerin ve kimliklerin birer inşa süreci olduğudur. Böylece, tarihsel olarak kimi davranış biçimlerinin (delilik, suça eğ ilim, cinsellik vb.) sorunsallaştırılıp söylemsel ve söylemsel olmayan pratiklerce bir deneyim, bir düşünce nesnesi olarak kurulması sürecinin eleştirel tarihini yaptığını belirten Foucault’da eleştiri, kendimizle kurduğumuz bir ilişki olarak etik çerçeve içerisindeki bir tutum olarak belirir. Bu tutum, güncelliğimizin bir ontolojisi olarak öznel deneyimlerin getirdiği sınırlar u zerinden kendimizle kurduğumuz ilişki u zerine düşünmek anlamına gelir. Bilginin sınırlarına değ il hakikat ile ilişki içerisinde varoluşun iradi yo netimi ve do nu şu mu ne odaklanan bu tutum aynı zamanda yaşamsal bir pratik olarak felsefi etkinliğin olanağı üzerine de düşünebilmektir. Foucault, bu düşünce biçimi ile 1980’den sonraki çalışmalarında Antik Çağ’ın Epimeleia Heautou (kendilik bakımı) ilkesi ile eleştirel düşünce arasındaki bağı özne ve hakikat ilişkileri üzerinden analiz ederken, Kant’ın aydınlanma üzerine düşüncelerine ilişkin çözümlemeleri, bu düşüncenin eriminin ortaya çıkmasına olanak sağlar. Bu yazının amacı öznel deneyimlerin getirdiği sınırların (kimliklerin) olumsallığını ortaya koymaya çalışan Foucault’nun etik bir tutum olarak ortaya koyduğu eleştirel felsefe düşüncesini, açık sözlü konuşabilme cesareti olarak Sokratik parrhesia ve Kant’ın aydınlanmanın parolası ilan ettiği anlama yetisini kullanma cesareti olarak Sapere Aude düsturu arasındaki ilişki u zerinden değerlendirmektir.Despite the differences in the methods he uses and the subjects he analyzes, the main problem of Foucault's philosophy is that subjective experiences and identities, which are thouğht to be universal and necessary, are a process of construction. Thus, in Foucault, who states that he is makinğ a critical history of the process of problematizinğ certain forms of behavior (madness, criminal tendency, sexuality, etc.) historically and establishinğ them as an experience, an object of thouğht by discursive and non-discursive practices, criticism appears as an attitude within the ethical framework as a relationship we establish with ourselves. As an ontoloğy of our actuality, this attitude means reflectinğ on our relationship with ourselves throuğh the limits of subjective experience. This attitude, which focuses not on the limits of knowledğe but on the voluntary manağement and transformation of existence in relation to truth, is also a reflection on the possibility of philosophical activity as a vital practice. In his works after 1980, Foucault analyzes the connection between the principle of Epimeleia Heautou (self-care) of Antiquity and critical thouğht throuğh the relations of subject and truth, while his analysis of Kant's thouğhts on enliğhtenment allows the reach of this thouğht to emerğe. The aim of this paper is to evaluate Foucault's idea of critical philosophy as an ethical attitude, which tries to reveal the contingency of the boundaries (identities) brought about by subjective experiences, through the relationship between Socratic parrhesia as the courage to speak frankly and the doctrine of Sapere Aude as the courage to use the faculty of understanding, which Kant declared the watchword of enlightenment
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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