2,089 research outputs found
Analysis and Full-scale Experiment on Energy Consumption of Hotels in Taiwan
No full textBeing located in subtropical area, the weather in Taiwan is constantly hot and humid which imposes huge cooling load on buildings. Especially, the economic booms in Taiwan further boosted power demand, and worsened the power shortage situation.
Dr. H.T. Lin and Dr. K.H. Yang had conducted systematic research since mid-1980s, which constructed a solid ground in this field in Taiwan. Among these results, the ENVLOAD index has become legal binding since 1997 while the PACS index is now under investigation. However, it is in short of analysis and full-scale experimental investigation on energy use of hotels in Taiwan. Therefore, the establishment of the EUI and DUI indexes in Taiwan is the goal of this study.
A simplified calculation method has been established in analyzing the energy use and demand use of hotels in Taiwan, by normalizing experimental data from full-scale tests. The result can be drawn accurately based on a few terms, which are available from daily building operations such as occupancy, and is thus practically straightforward and easy to use.
In addition, the accuracy was validated by experiments performed and data collected through information technology with Internet access in 4 different forms, which yielded successful results.
It is anticipated that the calculation methodology developed in this study on EUI and DUI, and the experimental validation would provide a foundation for the establishment of hotel building energy codes in Taiwan in the future
The effects of increased workload on driving performance and visual behaviour
No full textThe workload of drivers has been increasing in modern times due to the growing use of In-Vehicle systems. The higher task demand resulting from these extra visual and auditorystimuli presents an increasingly challenging problem for drivers, and has become a growing safety concern, as the higher workloads can adversely affect driving performance and must be balanced against the benefits from in-vehicle systems. Existing models suggest that when the induced workload is relatively low, drivers can deal with this increased demand by using different coping strategies; however, when the workload increases above a certain level, drivers’ performance decreases. These models are relatively simplistic and do not describe the extent to which drivers’ coping strategies can impact on the relationship between workload and performance, which are difficult to observe by traditional measures. The literature suggests that visual behaviour or eye movements, with its physiological nature, combines attributes of both attention state and human behaviour, and can be used to provide sensitive, diagnostic, and instantaneous measurements to investigate the impact of increased workload on performance, and explore associated coping strategies. An on-road experiment was therefore conducted to observe drivers’ behaviour when their workload was increased by in-vehicle secondary tasks, and the impact this had on their performance, using eye movement as well as traditional vehicle control and manoeuvring measurements. The field experiment was run under two driving scenarios of Car-Following and Free-Driving, on two road sections in Hampshire over a period of three months, using the Transportation Research Group’s Instrumented Vehicle (IV) and a FaceLabTM eye monitoring system. An Operation Simulation System was developed for drivers to perform a series of in-vehicle auditory and visual tasks through touch screen and audio systems, which reflected two different types of workload (i.e. mental and visual), with three levels of difficulty. Surveys were also conducted during and after each test run to assess drivers’ workload perception and gain an understanding of their experiences of performing the tasks, and a database established to organise all the information collected to enable subsequent analyses to be conducted readily. The results show that drivers’ behaviour was significantly impacted by additional tasks, and their secondary task performance decreased steadily with task complexity. The effects were consistent across the two Scenarios, although driving performance generally deteriorated more for the visual tasks than auditory ones, which reflects the higher conflict of visual and manual resource caused by these tasks, and all drivers took action to compensate either by increasing their headways in Car-Following, or reducing their speed in Free-Driving. The effects were reflected in their visual behaviour, which showed higher blink rates and shrunk visual searching range for the auditory tasks, i.e. a higher mental workload over baseline driving, and higher saccade and more visual transactions between different objects for the visual ones. Differences were also found in the driving and visual behaviour of individual driver characteristics groups, including gender and different experience groups. While traditional performance measurements showed many differences in behaviour due to the extra in-vehicle tasks, the different coping strategies adopted by drivers were typically observed only through the analysis of their visual behaviour. The use of these additional measurements provides an improvement to existing models for describing the relationship between workload and performance in dual-tasking
A Redundant Residue Number System Coded Burst-by-Burst Adaptive Joint-Detection Based CDMA Speech Transceiver
No full textA burst-by-burst (BbB) adaptive speech transceiver is proposed, which can drop its source coding rate and speech quality under transceiver control in order to invoke a more error resilient modem mode among less favorable channel conditions. The adaptive multirate (AMR) speech codec is operated at bit rates of 4.75 and 10.2 kb/s and combined with source sensitivity-matched redundant residue number system (RRNS) based channel codes. BbB adaptive joint detection aided code division multiple access is used for supporting the dual rate speech codec. Both the objective and subjective speech quality assessments favored the proposed BbB adaptive transceiver. Index Terms—AMR voice codec,HSDP A,RNS,RRNS
Recent Advances in Moving Force Identification
No full textIdentification of moving loads on bridges is an important inverse problem in the civil and structural engineering field, which can provide a better understanding about the dynamic loadings on bridges. The study on identification of moving loads has made a big progress over the past years. This paper first gives a review on various methods for moving force identification. It then goes on to discuss its recent advances by describing how these methods could be improved by using some mathematical tools. A field study adopting the improved system is then described and some observations of the field study are summarized at the end
Vibration characteristics of plate elements subjected in-plane loads (axial loads)
No full textAxial deformations resulting from in-plane loads (axial forces) of plate elements impact significantly on their vibration characteristics. Although, numerous methods have been developed to quantify axial forces and hence deformations of individual plate elements with different boundary conditions based on their natural frequencies, these methods are unable to apply to the plate elements in a structural system. This is because the natural frequency is a global parameter for the entire structure. Thus, this paper proposes a comprehensive vibration based procedure to quantify axial deformations of plate elements in a structural framing system. Unique capabilities of the proposed method present through illustrative examples.\ud
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Keywords- Plate Elements, Dynamic Stiffness Matrix, Finite Element Method, Vibration Characteristics, Axial Deformation\u
Akibat Yuridis Kelalaian Mencatatkan Salinan Putusan Perceraian yang telah berkekuatan Hukum tetap pada Dinas Kependudukan di Kota Medan
No full textBased on Article 221 of the Civil Code, every copy of permanent legal powered divorce decision should be registered at the authorized institution to be registered by the registrar in the divorce register. The importance of this registration is to meet Article 34 paragraph (2) of the Governmental Regulations No.9 of 1975 which decides that divorce is considered to have occurred with all of its legal consequences from the time of registration, unless for those who are Moslems, it is begins the permanent legal-powered decision of the Religious Court. In reality, in the society, there is a copy of divorce decision which is not registered at the Department of Population which results in juridical consequences to the divorced couple. Thus, it is necessary to analyze the procedure of registering the copy of permanent legal-powered divorce decision at the Department of Population, the juridical consequences on negligence in registering the copy of permanent legal powered divorce decision, and the practice of the Court of First Instance of Medan in overcoming the negligence in registering copy of permanent legal-powered divorce decision. The method of the research approach used in analyzing the above problem is descriptive, normative jurisdiction which processes primary and secondary data using qualitative data analysis, so that it can be drawn deductive-inductive conclusions as the answers of the problems. The result of the research shows the occurrence of negligence in registering the copy of permanent legal-powered divorce decision at the Department of Population results in divorce to be considered as having never occurred, or concretely that the marriage is unimpaired with all its consequences. To overcome the negligence in the practice the Court of First Instance of Medan has taken two ways: the interested party submits the request in order that the Court of First Instance issues the decision containing the order of the judge to the Department of Population to reregister the expired copy of divorce decision in the divorce register. Second, the interested party can submit a new divorce suit with different reason. It is suggested that the Government revise the Act Number 1 of 1994 on Divorce, because this Act does not regulate firmly and in detailed on the negligence in registering the copy of permanent legal-powered divorce decision at the Department of Population. It is necessary that there is a socialization concerning the National Act of Divorce by the Government to the society concerning the importance of registering the copy of permanent legal-powered divorce decision at the Department of Population, so that the society can avoid negligence in registering their divorces.Berdasarkan Pasal 221 KUH Perdata, setiap salinan putusan perceraian yang telah mempunyai kekuatan hukum tetap harus didaftarkan pada instansi berwenang guna dicatatkan oleh Pejabat Pencatat pada buku register perceraian. Pentingnya pencatatan ini adalah untuk memenuhi Pasal 34 ayat (2) Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 9 Tahun 1975 yang menentukan bahwa perceraian dianggap terjadi beserta segala akibat-akibat hukumnya terhitung sejak pendaftaran, kecuali bagi mereka yang beragama Islam terhitung sejak jatuhnya putusan Pengadilan Agama yang telah berkekuatan hukum tetap. Pada kenyataannya dalam masyarakat ada salinan putusan perceraian yang tidak dicatatkan pada Dinas Kependudukan yang mengakibatkan konsekuensi yuridis terhadap pasangan suami isteri yang bercerai tersebut. Dengan demikian perlu dikaji tentang prosedur (tata cara) pencatatan salinan putusan perceraian yang telah berkekuatan hukum tetap pada Dinas Kependudukan, akibat yuridis kelalaian mencatatkan salinan putusan perceraian yang telah berkekuatan hukum tetap, serta praktek Pengadilan Negeri Medan mengatasi kelalaian mencatatkan salinan putusan perceraian yang telah berkekuatan hukum tetap. Metode pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan dalam mengkaji permasalahan di atas adalah yuridis normatif yang bersifat deskriptif yang mengolah data primer maupun data sekunder dengan mempergunakan analisis data kualitatif, sehingga dapat ditarik kesimpulan yang bersifat deduktif-induktif sebagai jawaban dari permasalahan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dengan adanya kelalaian mencatatkan salinan putusan perceraian yang telah berkekuatan hukum tetap pada Dinas Kependudukan mengakibatkan perceraian tersebut dianggap tidak pernah terjadi atau secara kongkritnya perkawinan kembali utuh beserta segala akibat hukumnya. Untuk mengatasi kelalaian tersebut dalam praktek Pengadilan Negeri Medan dilakukan dengan dua cara, yaitu: pihak yang berkepentingan mengajukan permohonan agar Pengadilan Negeri mengeluarkan penetapan yang berisikan perintah hakim kepada Dinas Kependudukan agar dapat mencatatkan kembali salinan putusan perceraian yang telah lewat waktu tersebut pada buku register perceraian, cara yang kedua adalah pihak yang berkepentingan dapat mengajukan gugatan perceraian baru dengan dalil atau a1asan yang berbeda. Disarankan kepada Pemerintah untuk merevisi Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 1974 tentang Perkawinan, karena dalam undang-undang ini tidak ada mengatur secara tegas atau rinci tentang kelalaian mencatatkan salinan Putusan Perceraian yang telah berkekuatan hukum tetap pada Dinas Kependudukan. Perlu adanya sosialisasi mengenai Undang-Undang Perkawinan Nasional oleh Pemerintah kepada masyarakat mengenai pentingnya pencatatan salinan putusan perceraian yang telah berkekuatan hukum tetap pada Dinas Kependudukan, sehingga masyarakat dapat menghindari kelalaian pencatatan perceraiannya.130 halamanTesis Magiste
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