1,721,511 research outputs found
Evolving Process Maintenance through Human-Robot Teaming: An Integrated System Performance Analysis
Full text linkL'abstract è presente nell'allegato / the abstract is in the attachmen
Evolving process maintenance through human-robot collaboration: An agent-based system performance analysis
Full text linkPeriodic inspections of pressurized vessel systems are essential for maintaining safety through early fault detection. Traditional inspections often expose human operators to hazardous conditions within confined spaces. The advent of inspection robots has shifted the paradigm towards human-robot collaboration (HRC), which seeks to reduce risk while maintaining operational adaptability. This study compared the HRC and fully manual (FM) inspection processes, providing strategic insights for stakeholders. Historically, system performance evaluations have simplified or ignored dynamic human factors. To address this oversight, our research employs Agent-Based Models (ABMs) that encompass the evolving nature of human error, including the impact of fatigue and organizational factors, as well as the variability of human behavior and error recovery mechanisms. Our findings reveal that HRC significantly outperforms FM inspections, enhancing efficiency, accuracy, and safety. Notably, the study confirms that the miss rate of artificial intelligence (AI) for image identification within the HRC process is crucial for reliability and should not fall below the threshold of 0.04. This threshold is a benchmark for AI performance in HRC systems, ensuring that the balance between automated efficiency and human oversight is optimized. The research provides a comprehensive evaluation of HRC in pressurized vessel inspections. It offers a deeper understanding of the complex dynamics involved, advocating for integrating robust AI algorithms to support human operators in safety–critical tasks
Contributions and Consequences Coming from Human and Organizational Factors to the Accidents
Full text linkHuman and Organizational Factors (HOFs) are usually the root causes of complex system failures. Human reliability analysis (HRA) methods to build the structure of HOFs have been proposed. However, they typically lack validated data. To address this limitation, learning from the past has been considered regarding the EU Major Accident Reporting System’s (eMARS) records. Category data analysis has been applied to support the quantitative analysis. With the HOFs related near-miss and major accidents recorded by eMARS reports, the obtained results show deep insights about the co-influence and contributions of HOFs to the accidents and the possibility to predict the hazards to the process safety, environment, and cost consequences. Our framework contributes to enhancements in HOFs accidents control and mitigation by enabling risk awareness
Risk-based performance assessment from fully manual to human-robot teaming in pressurized tank inspection operations
Full text linkThe use of robotics in the process industry has shown a stable, increasing trend, according to survey reports,
reducing the exposure of operators to critical operations, mainly during maintenance. Moving from full manual
(FM) to human-robot teaming (HRT) operations is expected to reduce the risks for operators and increase
operational efficiency. The methods used to assess system performances require an adaptation. Traditional risk
assessment techniques are no longer adapted to analyze the new way of working; the previous methods proposed
for HRT systems have been criticized for their fragmentation, complexity, and lack of validation.
This study proposed an integrated framework, including the qualitative and quantitative stages, to investigate
the risk-based system performance and compare the full manual and human-robot teaming scenarios in pressurized tank inspection operations. The outputs demonstrated that the integrated framework worked for FM and
HRT system performance assessment, considering multiple element types and their interdependencies, generating knowledge that can be exploited to reduce the system’s risk and choose among different operational
alternative
DigitSpace: Designing Thumb-To-Fingers Touch Input Interface for One-Handed Interactions
No full text這篇論文提出了DigitSpace,一個不需要視覺回饋的,支援單手互 動的指尖觸控輸入界面。 該指尖觸控界面僅需要單手和非常小的動作 就可以完成命令輸入,提供了相當高的可用性。 但是此前相關研究的 目標主要集中於如何更準確地偵測指尖的動作和手勢,而如何設計一 個合適的指尖觸控輸入界面依然未被研究。 所以這篇論文的目的就是 同時以人體工程學和準確度為考量,提出一個適合單手互動的指尖觸 控輸入界面。 通過第一個實驗,我們找到了在單手指尖觸控界面上適合點擊和 手勢輸入的區域。 根據這個結果,我們又進行了另外兩個實驗來分別 研究使用者在適合輸入的區域中進行點擊和手勢輸入時的表現。 使用 者研究的結果顯示,在適合輸入的區域中,一般的使用者都有能力區 分16個不同的位置,和以92%的準確度輸入英文字母。 基於從實驗結 果觀察得到的設計方針,我們實作了HallFingers,作為一個概念性的 穿戴式設備,展示了支援單手互動的指尖觸控輸入界面帶來的互動效 益。This paper presents DigitSpace, a thumb-to-fingers touch interface sup- porting one-handed and eyes-free input. The thumb-to-fingers actions involve solely single hand and very low motion cost, thus providing way high avail- ability. However, previous works mainly focus on the sensing techniques, the proper design of thumb-to-fingers touch interface remains unknown. This paper explores the interfaces of two thumb-to-fingers touch inputs, touch and gesture, by considering both ergonomics and precision. Our first study recognized the segments of fingers containing acceptable physical comfort. Based on the comfort regions, we further evaluated the participants’ ability of performing touch and unistroke gesture input in the following two studies. The results indicate that within the comfort regions, the participants could perfectly distinguish at least 16 positions on the fingers, and perform the eyes-free Graffiti input with 92% accuracy. Based on the design implications from the observations, we proposed HallFingers, as a proof-of-concept prototype, to demonstrate the benefits of thumb-to-fingers touch interface
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Multiple Trigger Points for Quantifying Heat-Health Impacts: New Evidence from a Hot Climate
No full textabstract: Background: Extreme heat is a public health challenge. The scarcity of directly comparable studies on the association of heat with morbidity and mortality and the inconsistent identification of threshold temperatures for severe impacts hampers the development of comprehensive strategies aimed at reducing adverse heat-health events.
Objectives: This quantitative study was designed to link temperature with mortality and morbidity events in Maricopa County, Arizona, USA, with a focus on the summer season.
Methods: Using Poisson regression models that controlled for temporal confounders, we assessed daily temperature–health associations for a suite of mortality and morbidity events, diagnoses, and temperature metrics. Minimum risk temperatures, increasing risk temperatures, and excess risk temperatures were statistically identified to represent different “trigger points” at which heat-health intervention measures might be activated.
Results: We found significant and consistent associations of high environmental temperature with all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, heat-related mortality, and mortality resulting from conditions that are consequences of heat and dehydration. Hospitalizations and emergency department visits due to heat-related conditions and conditions associated with consequences of heat and dehydration were also strongly associated with high temperatures, and there were several times more of those events than there were deaths. For each temperature metric, we observed large contrasts in trigger points (up to 22°C) across multiple health events and diagnoses.
Conclusion: Consideration of multiple health events and diagnoses together with a comprehensive approach to identifying threshold temperatures revealed large differences in trigger points for possible interventions related to heat. Providing an array of heat trigger points applicable for different end-users may improve the public health response to a problem that is projected to worsen in the coming decades.Corresponding Author:
Diana B. Petitti
University of Arizona
[email protected]
- …
