26,437 research outputs found
Second harmonic generation at fatigue cracks by low-frequency Lamb waves: experimental and numerical studies
No full textAbstract not availableYi Yang, Ching-Tai Ng, Andrei Kotousov, Hoon Sohn, Hyung Jin Li
Distributed human computation framework for linked data co-reference resolution
No full textDistributed Human Computation (DHC) is a technique used to solve computational problems by incorporating the collaborative effort of a large number of humans. It is also a solution to AI-complete problems such as natural language processing. The Semantic Web with its root in AI is envisioned to be a decentralised world-wide information space for sharing machine-readable data with minimal integration costs. There are many research problems in the Semantic Web that are considered as AI-complete problems. An example is co-reference resolution, which involves determining whether different URIs refer to the same entity. This is considered to be a significant hurdle to overcome in the realisation of large-scale Semantic Web applications. In this paper, we propose a framework for building a DHC system on top of the Linked Data Cloud to solve various computational problems. To demonstrate the concept, we are focusing on handling the co-reference resolution in the Semantic Web when integrating distributed datasets. The traditional way to solve this problem is to design machine-learning algorithms. However, they are often computationally expensive, error-prone and do not scale. We designed a DHC system named iamResearcher, which solves the scientific publication author identity co-reference problem when integrating distributed bibliographic datasets. In our system, we aggregated 6 million bibliographic data from various publication repositories. Users can sign up to the system to audit and align their own publications, thus solving the co-reference problem in a distributed manner. The aggregated results are published to the Linked Data Cloud
The Study of Military Thoughts in I Ching
No full textI Ching, a Chinese classic which contains more than three thousand years' history, is the most valuable Chinese cultural treasure. I Ching includes not only philosophical ideas, but military thoughts as well. Studying such military philosophy in I Ching can effectively prevent the war from happening
A Study of the Old Men in Ching-Wen Cheng\ue2s Short Stories
No full textChing-Wen Cheng has been writing for more than 50 years. He uses easy Chinese and describes the deep side of human beings. He cares about the normal people in Taiwanese society. In this thesis, the author emphasizes on the old men, which few researchers notice. The first chapter is about the motivation of this research and the issues discussed in this study. The second chapter is about Ching-Wen Cheng\ue2s growing background,the history of his life, his litrature creating process and how these elements make him special.The third chapter is about the physical and psychological aging process of old men and how Ching-Wen Cheng depicts it in a sociological way. The fourth chapter analyzes old men in several ways. The author writes about controversial topics in traditional and modern societies and explores the meanings of life with past memories. The fifth chapter is the conclusion
Revisiting the Silicon Island? The Geographically Varied 'Strategic Coupling' in the Development of High-technology Parks in Taiwan
No full textYang D. Y.-R., Hsu J.-Y. and Ching C.-H. Revisiting the silicon island? The geographically varied 'strategic coupling' in the development of high-technology parks in Taiwan, Regional Studies. High-technology parks have been instrumental for propelling regional development and acclaimed as the panacea for curing regional decline since industrial restructuring after the 1980s in Taiwan. This paper aims to explore the divergent dynamics of different technology park projects in Taiwan as well as their impacts on local development. Inspired by the global production networks (GPNs) perspective, a triangular framework is proposed - the interaction between state intervention, economic competence, and societal forces - to highlight and explain the geographically varied patterns of 'strategic coupling' between the global production networks and local institutional embeddedness that shape the divergent patterns of regional development in Taiwan. [image omitted] Yang D. Y.-R., Hsu J.-Y. et Ching C.-H. L'ile d'industries electroniques vue sous un nouveau jour? La diversite geographique de 'l'accouplement strategique' dans le developpement des technopoles au Taiwan, Regional Studies. Les technopoles ont ete une force motrice quant a l'impulsion donnee a l'amenagement du territoire, acclamees comme la panacee du declin regional depuis la restructuration industrielle apres les annees 1980 au Taiwan. Cet article cherche a examiner la dynamique differente de divers projets de construction de technopoles au Taiwan aussi bien que leurs impacts sur le developpement local. En s'inspirant des reseaux de production mondiaux, on propose un cadre triangulaire - l'interaction entre l'intervention de l'Etat, la competence economique et les forces sociales - afin de souligner et expliquer la diversite geographique de la distribution de 'l'accouplement strategique' entre les reseaux de production mondiaux et l'ancrage insitutionnel local qui influent sur la distribution divergente de l'amenagement du territoire au Taiwan. Reseaux de production mondiaux Accouplement strategique Etat du developpement Communaute technique Amenagement du territoire Yang D. Y.-R., Hsu J.-Y. und Ching C.-H. Eine neue Sicht von Silicon Island? Die geografisch unterschiedliche 'strategische Kopplung' in der Entwicklung von Hochtechnologieparks in Taiwan, Regional Studies. Seit der industriellen Umstrukturierung in Taiwan nach den achtziger Jahren haben Hochtechnologieparks bei der Forderung der Regionalentwicklung eine wesentliche Rolle gespielt und wurden als Allheilmittel zur Abwendung eines regionalen Niedergangs gepriesen. In diesem Beitrag untersuchen wir die divergente Dynamik verschiedener Technologiepark-Projekte in Taiwan sowie ihre Auswirkungen auf die lokale Entwicklung. In Anlehnung an die Perspektive der globalen Produktionsnetze (GPN) schlagen wir zur Darstellung und Erlauterung der geografisch unterschiedlichen Muster einer 'strategischen Kopplung' zwischen den globalen Produktionsnetzen und der lokalen institutionellen Einbettung, die die divergenten Muster der Regionalentwicklung in Taiwan pragen, einen dreieckigen Rahmen vor: das Wechselspiel zwischen staatlicher Intervention, wirtschaftlicher Kompetenz und gesellschaftlichen Kraften. Globale Produktionsnetze Strategische Kopplung Entwicklungsstaat Technische Gemeinschaft Regionalentwicklung Yang D. Y.-R., Hsu J.-Y. y Ching C.-H. �Revision de Silicon Island? Diferencias geograficas de la 'conexion estrategica' en el desarrollo de parques de alta tecnologia en Taiwan, Regional Studies. Desde la reestructuracion industrial tras la decada de los ochenta en Taiwan los parques de alta tecnologia han sido fundamentales para impulsar el desarrollo regional y han sido alabados como la panacea para solucionar el declive regional. El objetivo de este articulo es analizar las dinamicas divergentes de los diferentes proyectos de parques tecnologicos en Taiwan asi como sus efectos en el desarrollo local. Inspirados por la perspectiva de las redes de produccion global, proponemos una estructura triangular -la interaccion entre la intervencion estatal, la competencia economica y las fuerzas sociales- para resaltar y explicar las diferentes variaciones geograficas de 'conexion estrategica' entre las redes de produccion global y la integracion institucional a nivel local que forman los modelos divergentes del desarrollo regional en Taiwan. Redes de produccion global Conexion estrategica Estado desarrollista Comunidad tecnica Desarrollo regionalGlobal production networks, Strategic coupling, Developmental state, Technical community, Regional development,
The nomenclature of the lycophyte species Phlegmariurus mingcheensis Ching (Huperziaceae)
No full textIn 1982, Ren Chang Ching twice described the same lycophyte species under the names Lycopodium mingcheense (published in April; the original "minchegense" spelling being a correctable error) and Phlegmariurus mingcheensis Ching (published in May). Phlegmariurus mingcheensis cannot be taken as a combination based on Lycopodium mingcheense because in the original publication a different holotype was indicated and the name Lycopodium mingcheense was not mentioned. The correct names for this species in Huperzia, Lycopodium, and Phlegmariurus are Huperzia mingcheensis (Ching) Holub (basionym: Phlegmariurus mingcheensis), Lycopodium mingcheense Ching, and Phlegmariurus mingcheensis Ching, respectively. The recent lectotypification of the name Lycopodium mingcheense using P.S. Chiu 2069 (PE) was redundant since this specimen was clearly indicated as the holotype in Ching's original publication. The recent new name Phlegmariurus mingjoui X.C. Zhang is an illegitimate superfluous name
I Ching
No full textBuku I Ching merupakan koleksi bahan bacaan yang membahas kepribadian yang patut ditiru yaitu sikap kebijaksanaannya untuk waktu sekarang ini. I Ching adalah buku kebijaksanaan Tiongkok kuno, memberikan penjelasan luas tentang asal usul, makna, dan penggunaan I Ching. Selama berabad-abad orang telah menggunakannya sebagai ramalan, untuk membayangkan masa depan. Pembaca yang meluangkan waktu untuk membiasakan diri dengan Kitab Perubahan akan menemukan bahwa itu adalah panduan untuk masa depan seseorang dan pemeriksaan mendalam dan misterius dari posisi terendah yang mengatur manusia dan alam semesta. Ini adalah buku yang memperluas kesadaran seseorang akan ritme universal, pola abadi yang mengatur hidup kita dan menghubungkan manusia dengan kosmos. Semakin akrab seseorang dengan bacaan kepribadian I Ching ini, semakin ia mengerti apa yang coba dikatakan oleh teman yang bijaksana dan tegas ini kepada pemustaka. Contoh yang sangat baik dari kepribadian / Ching 'adalah realisme kadang-kadang keras yang menjawab pertanyaan. Ketika penulis pertama kali mulai menggunakan I Ching bertahun-tahun, menjadi terpesona oleh tanggapan yang tampaknya tepat untuk menjawab pertanyaannya. Seandainya ditemukan kalimat atau frase yang tidak bisa dipahami. maka berharap mendapatkan wawasan lebih lanjut tentang pesan yang didsampaikan secara samar buku ini. Pada pertanyaan berulang, penulis memberikan heksagram keempat. Heksagram ini, disebut ' Kebodohan Muda' atau 'Pengalaman Muda,' menyarankan penanya tentang 'kepatutan' dan 'menghormati' dan memperingatkan seseorang untuk tidak memaksakan kehendak pada orang lain. Ini adalah sebagian kecil pengalaman penulis dengan kepribadian unik I Ching ini
Rethinking Import-substituting Industrialization: Development Strategies and Institutions in Taiwan and China
No full textimport-substituting industrialization, export-oriented industrialization, development strategies, institutions
Life course of school buildings: Sustaining dialogue between education and architecture
No full text本文探討學校建築與教育之交互關係，預設在民主參與的過程下有助於二者之緊密連結，共同朝向多元形式發展。學校教育與建築為學校施行教育之二項重要元素。以往不論在教育現場或研究，或未考量其與建築關係，或視二者為相互影響之獨立因素。但這二者的關係卻有超越前述靜態相關的可能，即由學校成員之參與促成二者的動態互助。
本文即藉由觀察與訪談，以「使用者參與」規劃設計之三類不同組合的學校做為案例，包括具有新學校系統與新建築之學校、新學校系統與原有建築之學校、以及原有學校系統與新建築之學校。探討在使用者參與空間營造的過程中，如何能促使學校教育與建築產生正向發展的動態持續循環，同時也因這過程發揮學校之為公共空間的本質。
研究指出，學校建築與教育的關係應是持續對話的整體發展。對於教育而言，不論教育行政系統、政策及規範、教育計畫、教育施為及接收者，皆須同步朝向多元開放的觀點發展，同時誘發可回應教育的實質空間。此即包括1.教育優先，教育觀點的掌握先於學校建築的興建。在學校建築營造的過程中，需確認學校之教育理念，目標、內容、方式、學校成員相互間的關係，以回應教育需要。但不僅如此，學校建築更可有助於教育計畫的實踐，甚至促進教育的多元發展；2.開放的學校氛圍，具有回饋機制的開放學校系統促成校務彈性運作，鼓勵學校成員關心學校事務，也促成學校教育與建築密切配合。這是教育內涵的一部份，也是民主學習的歷程。
而學校建築，不管形式如何，皆是教育的表現，其生命歷程可說是隨著教育實踐而變動的實質體現。在學校建築整備營造的過程中，必先瞭解學校建築在哪些情境下回應教育需要，而能1.顧及人的使用，針對學校裡不同使用者的需要，相互間的互動模式，而形成空間劇本，並依此而有搭配之空間營造過程；2.學校教育與建築不協調的情境，卻是改變的機會。當學校建築比教育更多元豐富有彈性時，即挑戰學校的教育觀點。而教育優先的概念在遇到不合用的學校建築時，有機會藉由空間整備的歷程，生產新的教育計畫，並回饋至原有的教育觀點；3.新形式學校建築挑戰行之有年的教育觀點，使得學校需在創意與傳統間取得平衡。對於願意創新的學校成員而言，這些新空間可帶來對於教育的新省思。又若新空間來自於學校成員對於教育的想像，則需傳承，同時也藉此形塑學校文化。這些過程皆須行政單位對於學校建築形式的開放態度，以及空間使用模式的彈性；4.學校建築空間營造的權力應交由使用者負責。藉由使用者對於空間的自主態度，讓學校建築之營造成為學校生活的一部份。
延伸而言，學校需成為有利於參與的公共空間。學校成員被平等看待且能自主對於學校事務發表意見，形塑共同治校的精神。學校建築營造的過程實踐學校之為公共空間，並培力參與者對於空間、校務的自主性。重點為，1.改變僵化封閉之學校系統。藉由培力挑戰學校僵化運作模式，學校成員體認相互間的差異，以合作取代競爭，最終能相互成就；2.促成使用者參與空間營造的機制為，上位部門對於參與方式的支持、學校形塑成員對於公共事務討論與共同治理的氛圍，並有一群學校成員與空間專業者願意投入參與的過程；3.學校建築之營造有利於不同成員參與的實踐。首先以上位者作為模範，謹慎行使階級權力，將空間議題作為發展學校文化的觸媒，並展現於教育計畫，用以培力其他成員。同時，模糊、開放、可改變的環境，以及各類交流空間皆有助於提供學校成員正式與非正式對話的機會。
最後，使用者參與促成教育與學校建築的重新定義。使用者參與使得學校成員重新檢視目前的學校教育以建立對於未來教育的想像，且需經由討論整合各方意見。學校建築也在對話中以各種形式出現，成為反應學校教育的歷程。教育為概念與組織，建築則為實質表現及實踐場域，同時也是促成概念與組織產生質變的誘因。最終，教育即學校建築，學校建築即教育。This paper discusses the transaction between school education and buildings. In this paper, school education regards administrative system, educational policies and regulations, and educational practices. School buildings regard both physical facilities and their building processes. It was presupposed that a participatory design process would facilitate the coordination between the two parties. Three types of schools which have applied participatory design process were studied: a new school system running at new school buildings, an old school system at new school buildings, a new school system at old school buildings. Through field observations and interviews, this paper explored how participatory design process facilitated sustaining dialogue between education and architecture, and how the process highlighted the public feature of schools.
The findings indicate, 1. Educational concepts should be developed prior to the school building process which should fulfill the school needs and also facilitate the educational practices; 2. An open school system with a feedback mechanism will create an open milieu. This democratic practice encourages school members to engage in school affairs and also facilitate the coordination between school education and buildings.
On the other hand, school buildings are representations of education. And their life course should follow educational practice. That is, school buildings should be responsive to education. 1. People make places. Various users request for different needs and they use space with different ways. The diverse people-environment interacting patterns compose space scenarios, which are the basis of design concepts. 2. The incompatibility between school education and buildings could be a turning point of changes. When school buildings are more progressive, it challenges present educational concepts. On the contrary, when educational concept is more progressive, the adjustment to the buildings may provide settings for innovative educational projects. 3. A more open system of a school allows users transact with new architectural forms in a more innovative way. If these forms were developed by school members, they should be conveyed to new members, which will become an element of school culture. 4. The users should be responsible for the architectural building processes.
On the whole, school should be public space where school members are equally regarded. The architectural building process may embody school as public space and empower users to the space and school affairs. 1. The participatory process challenges the hierarchical school system. During the process, the diversity bodies of the school should cooperate to achieve collective goals. 2. The supports from central government and democratic milieu of the school are the key mechanism encouraging users to be involved in school building process. 3. The building process of school architecture should include all school members. Some vague, open and changeable spaces provide settings for formal and informal dialogue among school members.
At last, users’ participation will re-define the relationship between school education and buildings. The process let school members re-inspect their current educational concept and establish future images; while school buildings response to the needs, both physically and pedagogically. Eventually, education is school building, and school building is education
The concept of peace in the Tao Te Ching
No full textThis thesis represents a first attempt to analyze Lao Tzu's main method of resolving the social and political problems in Ch'un Ch'iu and Warring States Periods. Lao Tzu, the founder of Taoism, suggested many solutions that could bring an end to the conflicts and to the ending of the disunity of China. Examples of these include the reform or abolishment of some ancient Chinese institutions as well as new principles for the enhancement and preservation of life. All these ideas were to become crystallised in Tao Te Ch'ing, which became an important religious text. In particular, the aspect of Lao Tzu's methods for solving the social and political problems of China in the Warring States Period needs more attention. In each chapter of the Tao Te Ch'ing there was a main emphasis on peace as the main method of developing social cohesion and as a cure to all fundamental human problems. Therefore, Lao Tzu's ideas about peace and his methods of solving the problems of the Warring States period are significant and from the main focus of the thesis
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