1,721,426 research outputs found
KONSEP HERMENEUTIKA AL-QUR’AN YAHYA MUHAMMAD (Dari Nalar Mażhabi Menuju Nalar Manhaji)
Full text linkTujuan mendasar terkait proyek yang ditawarkan oleh para pemikir
muslim kontemporer dalam diskursus Islamic Studies adalah untuk mencapai
pemahaman terhadap Islam (fahm al-islam). Islam itu suci, sempurna dan
ukhrawi, hal tersebut ditandai dengan kesatuan cara pandang, pendapat dan
kesimpulan dalam beragama. Islam tanpa multiplitas menandakan bahwa Islam
sebenarnya adalah satu dalam segala problema. Seiring dengan berkembangnya
waktu dan perubahan hegemoni melahirkan perbedaan dalam berislam, hal
tersebut menandakan bahwa pemahaman tentang dan terhadap agama adalah
manusiawi, profan dan temporal. Oleh karena itu, yang konstan adalah agama itu
sendiri, sedangkan ilmu atau pemahaman mengenai agama adalah temporal dan
akan selalu mengalami perubahan. Manhaj Islam yang satu sakral dahulunya
menjadi plural kini. Pluralitas yang terjadi bahkan sering menimbulkan
kontradiksi antar golongan dan madzhab. Dalam ranah ini kemudian hadir salah
seorang pemikir muslim kontemporer yang dinilai mampu menawarkan rumusan
konseptual dalam pembacaan dan pemahaman terhadap teks al-Qur’an yakni
Yahya Muhammad. Karena pemahaman mengenai agama Islam (fahm al-din)
sudah pasti akan menggiring diri pada teks-teks keagamaan. Yahya memberi
tawaran sedemikian rupa untuk sampai pada pemahaman islam yang metodis
(manhaji) dan kemudian dapat menjadi titik pluralitas ideal dalam memahami
agama Islam yang memang satu tanpa sekat-sekat madzhab.
Alasan penulis memfokuskan kajian terhadap pemikiran hermenutika
Yahya Muhammad adalah: Pertama, konsep hermenutika al-Qur’an Yahya
memberi tawaran metodologis dengan tanpa mengabaikan pluralitas pemahaman
yang ada modern ini. Kedua, sebelum membangun sebuah konsep pemahaman
(interpretasi), Yahya lebih dulu merumuskan landasan teoritis atas konsep
pemahamannya dengan melihat teks sebagai agama dan peradaban. Ketiga,
konsep hermenutika al-Qur’an Yahya Muhammad dinilai memberi kontribusi
pada khazanah kajian al-Qur’an.
Pendekatan penelitian ini adalah jenis pendekatan historis-filosofis dengan
pola deduktif-induktif-komparatif. Sementara untuk operasional metodologis
penelitian ini dilakukan melalui tahap-tahap yakni mengumpulkan dan
mengklasifikasi data, merestrukturasi data-data, kemudian mengolah dan
menginterpretasi data.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemikiran hermenutika al-Qur’an
Yahya Muhammad adalah: Pertama, dalam tujuan untuk mencapai pemahaman
terhadap Islam (fahm al-Islam) Yahya mempunyai dau rumusan kunci yaitu “alsya
i’ fi zatihi” dan “al-syai’ lizatina”. Kedua, dari rumusan tersebut kemudian
muncul Mekanisme Pembacaan Teks (Aliyat Qira’at al-Nass). Ketiga, setelah
proses mekanisme pembacaan, selanjutnya Yahya Muhammad membuat simpulan
akhir terkait pemahaman teks dalam konsep hermeneutikanya dengan “qawanin
fahm al-nass” atau qanun-qanun dalam memahami teks.
Kata kunci: Al-Qur’an, Hermeneutika, Mazhabi, Manhaji, Yahya Muhammad
John O. Hunwick and R. Sean O’Fahey (eds.), Arabic Literature of Africa. Volume 1. The Writings of Eastern Sudanic Africa to c. 1900. Compiled by R. Sean O’Fahey, with the assistance of Muhammad Ibrahim Abu Salim, Albrecht Hofheinz, Yahya Muhammad Ibrahim, Bernd Radtke and Knut S. Viktør, E. J. Brill, Leiden-New York-Köln 1994, XV, 434 pp., bibl., ind.
Full text linkThe review of John O. Hunwick and R. Sean O’Fahey (eds.), Arabic Literature of Africa. Volume 1. The Writings of Eastern Sudanic Africa to c. 1900. Compiled by R. Sean O’Fahey, with the assistance of Muhammad Ibrahim Abu Salim, Albrecht Hofheinz, Yahya Muhammad Ibrahim, Bernd Radtke and Knut S. Viktør, E. J. Brill, Leiden-New York-Köln 1994, XV, 434 pp., bibl., ind.Maciej Klimiu
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Rex Sean o’Fahey (compiled by), Arabic Literature of Africa, volume 1, The Writings of Eastern Sudanic Africa to c. 1900, with the Assistance of Muhammad Ibrahim Abu Salim, Albrecht Hofheinz, Yahya Muhammad Ibrahim, Bernd Radtke and Knut S. Vikør. E.J. Brill, Leiden, 1994
No full textTriaud Jean-Louis. Rex Sean o’Fahey (compiled by), Arabic Literature of Africa, volume 1, The Writings of Eastern Sudanic Africa to c. 1900, with the Assistance of Muhammad Ibrahim Abu Salim, Albrecht Hofheinz, Yahya Muhammad Ibrahim, Bernd Radtke and Knut S. Vikør. E.J. Brill, Leiden, 1994. In: Bulletin critique des annales islamologiques, n°12, 1996. pp. 42-44
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Birds associated with different tree species and structures in oil palm agroforestry landscapes in Malaysia
No full textThe expansion of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) cultivation has been recognised as a major threat to tropical biodiversity. Smallholdings, however, unlike large-scale conventional monoculture oil palm plantations, often practice polyculture which may resemble an agroforestry system. These private holdings provide more heterogeneous vegetation which may support greater a greater diversity of birds. This study compared species richness and abundance of birds detected perching in oil palm (both dead and living trees) and seven other planted crop species within oil palm smallholdings. Using transect line surveys, we recorded a total of 816 birds of 39 species from 20 families. Our results indicate that bird species richness and abundance differed significantly between oil palm and the other planted tree species. Non-oil palm trees cumulatively increased bird species richness and abundance. Although birds overall perched more frequently on living oil palm trees (probably reflecting relative abundance), other species including breadfruit, mango, papaya, banana, and coconut, as well as dead trees, were also used. By measuring effect size, we also found that both bird species richness and abundance rely on tree structure and type of tree species. These findings tentatively suggest that providing a larger diversity of tree species within intensively managed oil palm plantations may support a wider variety of local bird species compared to monocultures.</p
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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