49,556 research outputs found
A new framework for optimization based-on Hybrid Swarm Intelligence
No full textPei-Wei Tsai, Jeng-Shyang Pan, Peng Shi, and Bin-Yih Lia
A Multivariate Surface-Based Analysis of the Putamen in Premature Newborns: Regional Differences within the Ventral Striatum
No full textMany children born preterm exhibit frontal executive dysfunction, behavioral problems including attentional deficit/hyperactivity disorder and attention related learning disabilities. Anomalies in regional specificity of cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical circuits may underlie deficits in these disorders. Nonspecific volumetric deficits of striatal structures have been documented in these subjects, but little is known about surface deformation in these structures. For the first time, here we found regional surface morphological differences in the preterm neonatal ventral striatum. We performed regional group comparisons of the surface anatomy of the striatum (putamen and globus pallidus) between 17 preterm and 19 term-born neonates at term-equivalent age. We reconstructed striatal surfaces from manually segmented brain magnetic resonance images and analyzed them using our in-house conformal mapping program. All surfaces were registered to a template with a new surface fluid registration method. Vertex-based statistical comparisons between the two groups were performed via four methods: univariate and multivariate tensor-based morphometry, the commonly used medial axis distance, and a combination of the last two statistics. We found statistically significant differences in regional morphology between the two groups that are consistent across statistics, but more extensive for multivariate measures. Differences were localized to the ventral aspect of the striatum. In particular, we found abnormalities in the preterm anterior/inferior putamen, which is interconnected with the medial orbital/prefrontal cortex and the midline thalamic nuclei including the medial dorsal nucleus and pulvinar. These findings support the hypothesis that the ventral striatum is vulnerable, within the cortico-stiato-thalamo-cortical neural circuitry, which may underlie the risk for long-term development of frontal executive dysfunction, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and attention-related learning disabilities in preterm neonates. © 2013 Shi et al
Shen ren tong ju de shi jie Zhongguo ren yu Zhongguo ci shen wen hua
No full textBen shu fen xi le ci shen shi jie chan sheng de she hui li shi gen yuan yi ji ta dui zhong guo she hui li shi suo chan sheng de ying xiang, lun shu le yan jiu ci shen wen hua de xian shi yi y
Observer-based finite-time fuzzy H∞ control for discrete-time systems with stochastic jumps and time-delays
No full textAbstract not availableYingqi Zhang, Peng Shi, Sing Kiong Nguang, Hamid Reza Karim
Harmonizing Biodiesel Fuel Standards in East Asia: Current Status, Challenges and Way Forward
No full textAbstract: This paper discusses the development of and policy towards biodiesel fuel (BDF) in the East Asia Summit (EAS) Region (hereafter East Asia), with a focus on activities related to harmonizing BDF standards. It finds that the EAS countries have actively promoted the development of BDF for a variety of reasons. To minimize problems with engines arising from the use of BDF, most EAS countries have established their national BDF standards. However, these diverse standards cause barriers for BDF trade and act against the regional interest in maximizing benefits from BDF production and utilization. Therefore, the EAS policy makers decided to harmonize BDF standards, and a regional benchmark standard has been published. Through a comparative review of existing national standards against the benchmark, it finds that the harmonization is beneficial economically and environmentally, and is technically feasible but practically stalled due to the lack of political determination. Therefore, among a few policy implications, the key message to deliver is a call for political determination to implement the harmonization in the EAS region. Since harmonization of BDF standards has been tried in other regions, the findings of this paper may supplement the literature, enhance understanding of the EAS case, and provide lessons and implications that may be helpful in advancing similar harmonization elsewhere.
Stability and Stabilization
No full textThis chapter is concerned with the stability and stabilization problems of a class of continuous-time and discrete-time Markov jump linear system (MJLS) with partially unknown transition probabilities (TPs). It will be proved that the system under consideration is more general, which covers the systems with completely known and completely unknown TPs as two special cases, the latter is hereby the switching linear systems under arbitrary switching. Moreover, in contrast with the uncertain TPs, the concept of partially unknown TPs proposed in this chapter does not require any knowledge of the unknown elements. Firstly, the sufficient conditions for stochastic stability and stabilization of the underlying systems are derived via linear matrix inequality (LMI) formulation, and the relationship between the stability criteria currently obtained for the usual MJLS and switching linear systems under arbitrary switching is exposed by the proposed class of hybrid systems. Further, the necessary and sufficient criteria are obtained by fully considering the properties of the transition rates matrices (TRMs) and transition probabilities matrices (TPMs), and the convexity of the uncertain domains. We will show by comparison the less conservatism of the methodologies for obtaining the necessary and sufficient conditions, but note that in the next chapters of Part I, we prefer the ones in the sufficient stability conditions to carry out other studies. The extensions to less conservative results are relatively straightforward and we leave them to readers who are interested.Lixian Zhang, Ting Yang, Peng Shi, Yanzheng Zh
A binary integer linear program with multi-criteria and multi-constraint levels
No full textThis paper introduces a mathematical formulation of a binary integer linear program with multi-criteria and multi-constraint levels (MC(2)) by using the framework of MC(2) linear programming. A branch-and-bound procedure is developed to solve such MC(2) binary integer linear programming problems. In this branch-and-bound procedure, an MC(2) linear programming problem is adopted for the relaxation of each subproblem in the branches. The upper bound of a subproblem is defined as the expected objective value of its relaxation problem having a probability distribution over parameters of multi-criteria and multi-constraint levels. A numerical example is used to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed method in solving MC(2) binary-integer-linear programming problems. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Ltd
An optimization framework for solving capacitated multi-level lot-sizing problems with backlogging
No full textThis paper proposes two new mixed integer programming models for capacitated multi-level lot-sizing problems with backlogging, whose linear programming relaxations provide good lower bounds on the optimal solution value. We show that both of these strong formulations yield the same lower bounds. In addition to these theoretical results, we propose a new, effective optimization framework that achieves high quality solutions in reasonable computational time. Computational results show that the proposed optimization framework is superior to other well-known approaches on several important performance dimensions
PENGGUNAAN MEDIAGAMBAR UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUANMENGUASAI KALIMAT PREDIKAT KATA KERJA “SHI...DE” PADASISWA SMP
No full textAbstractGrammar is one of the main contents of language teaching. The same is true of chinese. One of the main words of chinese grammar is the verb predicate statement “ Shi…De”. The verb predicate statement “Shi…De” is a difficult problem in chinese grammar,especially junior high school students. Most students don’t know how to use verb to predicate statement “Shi…De” usage. In order to help students more easily grasp the verb predicate statement “Shi…De” usage,the author did experiment. First of all,the author of LKIA second-year students carried out a pre-test,and then the use of picture teaching aids for the three hours verb predicate statement “Shi…De” teaching. Through the post-test, the author found that the use of picture teaching helped students to improve their ability on the verb predicate statement “Shi…De”. Keywords: grammar, picture teaching aids, predicate statement “Shi…De
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