20,626 research outputs found
DA-Net: Dual Attention Network for Flood Forecasting
No full textFlood is difficult to predict due to its extreme runoff values, short duration and complex generation mechanism. In order to reduce the negative effects of flood disasters, researchers try to forecast flood by utilizing deep learning technology. Essentially, historical flood data can be regarded as sequential data with sets of flood factors. Facing challenges brought by inherent characteristics of flood forecasting, this paper proposes a dual attention embedding network, i.e., DA-Net, to achieve accurate prediction results. The proposed attention mechanism not only embeds a convolution self-attention module (CSA) on Temporal Convolutional Network (TCN) for description of local context information, but also constructs a Temporal-related Feature Attention (TFA) Module to assign time-varying weights for different features in a global sense. Specifically, CSA offers additional and local context information to help predict extreme runoff values even within a small period, meanwhile TFA improves global modeling capability of TCN for construction of data-driven generation mechanism in our method. Experiments on Changhua and Tunxi watershed dataset show the proposed method achieves superior prediction performance than current deep learning based methods
The effects of a modified deep serratus anterior plane block on surgical stress and perioperative neurocognitive disorders in elderly patients undergoing thoracic surgery: a randomized clinical study
No full textBackground: Perioperative stress response is an important risk factor for perioperative neurocognitive disorder (PND) in elderly patients. This study aimed to evaluate and compare the effects of a modified deep serratus anterior plane block (DSPB) combined with general anesthesia on surgical stress and PND in elderly patients undergoing thoracic surgery. Methods: A total of 66 patients undergoing thoracic surgery were randomly assigned to receive either a single-shot DSPB or local block after tracheal intubation using ropivacaine 0.5% (20 mL). The primary outcomes were the visual analog scale (VAS) scores at each time point. The secondary outcomes included the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) score before surgery and after discharge from the hospital (or seventh day postoperatively), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and serum cortisol levels, drug consumption, vital signs, and blood gas analysis. Results: Ultimately, 60 patients were enrolled in the study. The VAS scores were significantly lower in the DSPB group than the local block group (all P<0.05). There was a statistically significant difference in the blood gas analysis index total carbon dioxide (TCO2) content (27.71±3.49 vs. 29.31±2.26 mmHg) between the two groups (P<0.05). The length of hospitalization was shorter in the DSPB group than the local block group (6.03±1.35 vs. 7.20±1.49 days), and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in terms of the MoCA scores before surgery and after hospitalization (or the seventh day postoperatively), stress indices, vital signs, bispectral index (BIS) value, blood gas analysis (except TCO2), and drug use during extubation at each time point (all P>0.05). Conclusions: Compared with the local block, the elderly patients undergoing thoracic surgery who received the DSPB had a superior analgesic effect, a lower VAS score, and shorter length of hospitalization. As a DSPB does not require ultrasound equipment, it is simpler and easier to operate than a local block, and is especially suitable for widespread implementation in small hospitals
Bayesian methods for non-standard missing data problems
No full textMissing data presents challenges to statistical analysis in many applications such as clinical trials, cluster detection, etc. This thesis analyzes and develops methodologies in some non-standard missing data problems. We first consider non-ignorable drop-out in longitudinal clinical trials. Common simple approaches such as complete case analysis or last observation carried forward can lead to biased estimates and underestimation of uncertainty. We pursue a model-based approach in the context of Bayesian framework to provide more useful inferences. Second, non-compliance is another way to deviate from pre-designed protocols. Traditional methods circumvent the issue with simplifying assumptions such as intention to treat. Consequently they might produce misleading results. We adopt a counter-factual approach, known as the Rubin Causal Model, essentially reducing the analysis to a missing data problem. We address the issue in particular when drop-out is also involved. In relation to the first two research topics to provide better and more accurate assessment of a treatment or procedure, we develop a Bayesian sequential meta-analysis framework to aggregate results from all available studies. We conduct a case study and build a risk profile of a treatment to provide early alert of emerging problems. Last, the question whether a spatial pattern is randomly distributed has been of interest in many applications. We extend and generalize a latent model approach to overlapping cluster detection. We employ this methodology to design an urban mobile sensor network for the surveillance of nuclear materials. With simulation studies, we demonstrate that the method is efficient and powerful in detection of overlapping clusters.Ph.D.Includes abstractVitaIncludes bibliographical referencesby Jerry Q. Chen
Wujian (understanding and practice) psychotherapy and the indigenization of psychotherapy in China
No full textBy now, the wind of psychotherapy indigenization becomes much stronger throughout the world, therefore it has been an extremely urgent mission for developing Chinese indigenized psychology and psychotherapy. Chinese psychologists have made many attempts of indigenization, in which the first and powerful trying goes to Wujian (understanding and practice) psychotherapy with the founder of professor Li Xintian. From the development of Wujian psychotherapy, the characteristics of indigenization shows up. The theoretical outcome of indigenization of psychotherapy in China is the humanisticism of Wujian psychotherapy, which emphasizes that healthy human nature amalgamates the traits of biology, mentality and socialit
Measuring the ultrafast correlation dynamics between the Q x and Q y bands in chlorophyll molecules
No full textWe use two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy to measure the ultrafast correlation dynamics between the Q x and Q y transitions in chlorophyll molecules. We derive a variation to the center line slope method to quantify the frequency fluctuation cross-correlation function, C xy( Tw). Compared with the frequency fluctuation correlation function of the Q y transition, we observe that there is only a minimal correlation between the Q x and Q y transition, even at the ultrashort timescale of ∼100 fs, which then decays to zero in a time scale of ∼2 ps.Ministry of Education (MOE)Accepted versionThis work is supported by grants from the Singapore Ministryof Education Academic Research Fund (Tier 2 MOE2015-T2-1-039 and Tier 1 RG16/15). M.F.K. acknowledges funding from the Ministry of Education Malaysia and the SLAB/SLAI fellowship scheme from the University of Malaya. Fruitful discussions with Maxim Gelin and Yuan-Chung Cheng are acknowledge
jiaxiang-cheng/transformer-pytorch-remaining-useful-life-prediction: Pre-release with Minimum Implementation
No full textTransformer implementation with PyTorch for remaining useful life prediction on turbofan engine with NASA CMAPSS data set. Inspired by Mo, Y., Wu, Q., Li, X., & Huang, B. (2021). Remaining useful life estimation via transformer encoder enhanced by a gated convolutional unit. Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing, 1-10
Chemical and cellular investigations of trans-ammine-pyridine-dichlorido-platinum(II), the likely metabolite of the antitumor active cis-diammine-pyridine-chorido-platinum(II)
No full textIt has been proposed that the well-studied monofunctional platinum complex cis-[PtCl(NH3)2(py)]+ (cDPCP) forms DNA adducts similar to those of the trans platinum complex trans-[PtCl2(NH3)(py)] (ampyplatin, py=pyridine). Thus this latter could be the active form of cDPCP. Detailed studies on the mechanism of ampyplatin action were performed in this work. Results indicate that ampyplatin has significantly higher antiproliferative activity than cDPCP and is comparable to cisplatin. Cellular uptake experiments indicate that ampyplatin can be efficiently accumulated in A549 cancer cells. Binding of ampyplatin to DNA mainly produces monofunctional adducts; remarkably, these adducts can be recognized by the HMGB1 protein. Kinetic studies on the reaction with GMP indicate that the reactivity of ampyplatin is much lower than that of transplatin and is more similar to that of trans-[PtCl2{E-HN=C(Me)OMe}2] (trans-EE), a widely investigated antitumor active trans-oriented platinum complex. In addition, the hydrolysis of ampyplatin is significantly suppressed, whereas the hydrolysis of the mono-GMP adduct is highly enhanced. These results indicate that the mechanism of ampyplatin differs not only from that of antitumor inactive transplatin but also from that of antitumor active trans-EE and this could account for the remarkable activity of parent cDPCP
An open system for intravascular ultrasound imaging
No full textAuthor name used in this publication: Cheng, Wang FaiInvited conference paper2011-2012 > Academic research: refereed > Invited conference paperVersion of RecordPublishedPublisher permissio
Skin-friction reduction using periodic blowing through streamwise slits
No full textActive skin-friction reduction in a turbulent boundary layer (TBL) is experimentally studied based on time-periodic blowing through one array of streamwise slits. The control parameters investigated include the blowing amplitude A+ and frequency f+, which, expressed in wall units, range from 0 to 2 and from 0.007 to 0.56, respectively. The maximum local friction reduction downstream of the slits reaches more than 70 %; friction does not fully recover to the state of the natural TBL until 500 wall units behind the slits. A positive net power saving is possible, and 4.01 % is measured with a local friction drag reduction (DR) of 49 %. A detailed analysis based on hot-wire, particle image velocimetry and smoke-wire flow visualization data is performed to understand the physical mechanisms involved. Spectral analysis indicates weakened near-wall large-scale structures. Flow visualizations show stabilized streaky structures and a locally relaminarized flow. Two factors are identified to contribute to the DR. Firstly, the jets from the slits create streamwise vortices in the near-wall region, preventing the formation of near-wall streaks and interrupting the turbulence generation cycle. Secondly, the zero-streamwise-momentum fluid associated with the jets also accounts for the DR. A closed-loop opposing control system is developed, along with an open-loop desynchronized control scheme, to quantify the two contributions. The latter is found to account for 77 % of the DR, whereas the former is responsible for 23 %. An empirical scaling of the DR is also proposed, which provides valuable insight into the TBL control physics
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