532 research outputs found
Polysemy or Synecdoche: A Case Study of Shou in Chinese
No full textThis article investigates the Chinese character/word shou (hand) which
occurs in such compounds as gao-shou (one who is skilled in some field), duo-shou
(one who pilots a ship), xiong-shou (murderer), and xuan-shou (skillful player)
in order to see whether it is better considered as a case of polysemy or
synecdoche. According to the Chinese-Chinese dictionaries thumbed and consulted,
the shou (hand) as mentioned above is treated as a case of polysemy. However,
the author, after careful cognitive analysis, argues that the shou is better
interpreted as a case of synecdoche rather than a case of polysemy
Complexity and retrograde analysis of the game Dou Shou Qi
No full textDou Shou Qi is a game in which players control a number of pieces, aiming to move one of these onto a certain square. We will present a proof showing that this game is PSPACE-hard. Furthermore, we have implemented an analyzing engine and created an endgame tablebase containing all configurations with up to four pieces. These are the first steps towards theoretically solving the game. Finally, we report on some interesting patterns which we found by analyzing the endgame tablebase
Un historien sur le banc des accusés : Liu Zhiji juge Wei Shou
No full textInternational audienceIn Liu Zhiji's Generalities on History (Shitong 史通), Wei Shou 魏收 (506-572) appears to be the counter-model of the ideal historian. Judged as partial, unfair and servile to the political power that employed him (the Northern Qi), Wei Shou, author of the Book of Wei (Weishu 魏書), is indeed the bugbear of the critic. The article aims to examine the formal and ideological particularities of the Book of Wei, as brought out by Liu Zhiji 劉知幾 (661-721). The numerous comments of Liu Zhiji shows that the question of political legitimity, especially the antagonism Northern states vs Southern states, count for much in his judgements on the historical works of and on the Early Medieval period (220-589).Dans le Traité de l'historien parfait (Shitong 史通) de Liu Zhiji 劉知幾 (661-721), Wei Shou 魏收 (506-572) fait figure de contre-modèle de l'historien idéal. Jugé partial, injuste et servile envers le pouvoir politique qui l'employait, les Qi du Nord, Wei Shou, l'auteur du Livre des Wei (Weishu 魏書), est la véritable bête noire du critique. L'article se propose d'examiner les spécificités formelles et idéologiques du Livre des Wei telles que les a mises en lumière Liu Zhiji. Les multiples commentaires de ce dernier montrent que les questions de légitimité politique, notamment l'antagonisme États du Nord vs États du Sud, pèsent de tout leur poids dans son appréciation des œuvres historiques du haut Moyen Âge (220-589)
" Un historien sur le banc des accusés : Liu Zhiji juge Wei Shou "
No full textInternational audienceIn Liu Zhiji's Generalities on History (Shitong 史通), Wei Shou 魏收 (506-572) appears to be the counter-model of the ideal historian. Judged as partial, unfair and servile to the political power that employed him (the Northern Qi), Wei Shou, author of the Book of Wei (Weishu 魏書), is indeed the bugbear of the critic. The article aims to examine the formal and ideological particularities of the Book of Wei, as brought out by Liu Zhiji 劉知幾 (661-721). The numerous comments of Liu Zhiji shows that the question of political legitimity, especially the antagonism Northern states vs Southern states, count for much in his judgements on the historical works of and on the Early Medieval period (220-589).Dans le Traité de l'historien parfait (Shitong 史通) de Liu Zhiji 劉知幾 (661-721), Wei Shou 魏收 (506-572) fait figure de contre-modèle de l'historien idéal. Jugé partial, injuste et servile envers le pouvoir politique qui l'employait, les Qi du Nord, Wei Shou, l'auteur du Livre des Wei (Weishu 魏書), est la véritable bête noire du critique. L'article se propose d'examiner les spécificités formelles et idéologiques du Livre des Wei telles que les a mises en lumière Liu Zhiji. Les multiples commentaires de ce dernier montrent que les questions de légitimité politique, notamment l'antagonisme États du Nord vs États du Sud, pèsent de tout leur poids dans son appréciation des œuvres historiques du haut Moyen Âge (220-589)
Un historien sur le banc des accusés : Liu Zhiji juge Wei Shou
No full textInternational audienceIn Liu Zhiji's Generalities on History (Shitong 史通), Wei Shou 魏收 (506-572) appears to be the counter-model of the ideal historian. Judged as partial, unfair and servile to the political power that employed him (the Northern Qi), Wei Shou, author of the Book of Wei (Weishu 魏書), is indeed the bugbear of the critic. The article aims to examine the formal and ideological particularities of the Book of Wei, as brought out by Liu Zhiji 劉知幾 (661-721). The numerous comments of Liu Zhiji shows that the question of political legitimity, especially the antagonism Northern states vs Southern states, count for much in his judgements on the historical works of and on the Early Medieval period (220-589).Dans le Traité de l'historien parfait (Shitong 史通) de Liu Zhiji 劉知幾 (661-721), Wei Shou 魏收 (506-572) fait figure de contre-modèle de l'historien idéal. Jugé partial, injuste et servile envers le pouvoir politique qui l'employait, les Qi du Nord, Wei Shou, l'auteur du Livre des Wei (Weishu 魏書), est la véritable bête noire du critique. L'article se propose d'examiner les spécificités formelles et idéologiques du Livre des Wei telles que les a mises en lumière Liu Zhiji. Les multiples commentaires de ce dernier montrent que les questions de légitimité politique, notamment l'antagonisme États du Nord vs États du Sud, pèsent de tout leur poids dans son appréciation des œuvres historiques du haut Moyen Âge (220-589)
Un historien sur le banc des accusés : Liu Zhiji juge Wei Shou
No full textInternational audienceIn Liu Zhiji's Generalities on History (Shitong 史通), Wei Shou 魏收 (506-572) appears to be the counter-model of the ideal historian. Judged as partial, unfair and servile to the political power that employed him (the Northern Qi), Wei Shou, author of the Book of Wei (Weishu 魏書), is indeed the bugbear of the critic. The article aims to examine the formal and ideological particularities of the Book of Wei, as brought out by Liu Zhiji 劉知幾 (661-721). The numerous comments of Liu Zhiji shows that the question of political legitimity, especially the antagonism Northern states vs Southern states, count for much in his judgements on the historical works of and on the Early Medieval period (220-589).Dans le Traité de l'historien parfait (Shitong 史通) de Liu Zhiji 劉知幾 (661-721), Wei Shou 魏收 (506-572) fait figure de contre-modèle de l'historien idéal. Jugé partial, injuste et servile envers le pouvoir politique qui l'employait, les Qi du Nord, Wei Shou, l'auteur du Livre des Wei (Weishu 魏書), est la véritable bête noire du critique. L'article se propose d'examiner les spécificités formelles et idéologiques du Livre des Wei telles que les a mises en lumière Liu Zhiji. Les multiples commentaires de ce dernier montrent que les questions de légitimité politique, notamment l'antagonisme États du Nord vs États du Sud, pèsent de tout leur poids dans son appréciation des œuvres historiques du haut Moyen Âge (220-589)
Un historien sur le banc des accusés : Liu Zhiji juge Wei Shou
No full textAn historian in the dock : Liu Zhiji on Wei Shou.
In Liu Zhiji’s Generalities on History (Shitong 史 通 ), Wei Shou 魏 收 (506-572) appears to be the counter-model of the ideal historian. Judged as partial, unfair and servile to the political power that employed him (the Northern Qi), Wei Shou, author of the Book of Wei (Weishu 魏 書 ), is indeed the bugbear of the critic. The article examines the formal and ideological particularities of the Book of Wei, as brought out by Liu Zhiji 劉 知 幾 (661-721). The numerous comments of Liu Zhiji shows that the question of political legitimity, especially the antagonism Northern states vs Southern states, count for much in his judgements on the historical works of and on the Early Medieval period (220-589).被 告 席 上 的 史 學 家 ： 劉 知 幾 筆 下 的 魏 收
在 《 史 通 》 裡 ， 魏 收 (506-572) 是 理 想 模 範 史 學 家 的 反 面 榜 樣 。 《 史 通 》 的 作 者 劉 知 幾 (661-721) 認 為 魏 收 在 他 所 著 的 《 魏 書 》 裡 對 他 的 雇 主 北 齊 政 權 顯 得 卑 躬 屈 膝 ， 因 此 其 所 書 寫 的 歷 史 既 有 偏 見 又 不 公 正 。 本 文 探 討 劉 知 幾 對 《 魏 書 》 的 批 評 當 中 所 指 出 的 書 寫 形 式 上 和 意 識 形 態 上 的 特 點 。 劉 知 幾 的 評 議 凸 顯 政 權 正 統 性 的 問 題 ， 特 別 是 南 北 政 權 對 峙 的 問 題 ， 事 實 上 大 大 地 左 右 了 該 史 學 家 對 六 朝 (220-589) 的 歷 史 作 品 的 評 價 。Chaussende Damien. Un historien sur le banc des accusés : Liu Zhiji juge Wei Shou. In: Études chinoises, n°29, 2010. Numéro spécial sur le pouvoir politique. pp. 141-180
[[alternative]]A Pedagogical Grammar of the Chinese Disposal(Ba) Construction
No full text[[abstract]]Current pedagogical grammar of the Chinese disposal construction (ba) is based on Shou-hsin Teng’s theoretical framework and methodology in his A Pedagogical Grammar of Chinese (2003), which draws on 7,710 examples from a corpus of authentic material and theoretical linguistics/grammar research, and emphasizes the learner as a crucial parameter, providing an exhaustive description of the Chinese disposal construction. In my thesis, I identify three semantic functions of the Chinese disposal construction based on Teng’s theoretical framework: disposal, accidental, and causative. (The disposal semantic function comprises 94.53% of the 7,288 examples in the Academia Sinica Corpus.) Additionally, I seek to establish seven basic sub-structures of the disposal construction: ba 1) S ba OV + aspect; ba 2) S ba OV + result; ba 3) S ba OV + goal; ba 4) S ba OV + direction; ba 5) S ba OV + extent; ba 6) S ba OV + range; ba 7) S ba OV + reduplication.
Drawing on Teng’s principles regarding multiple sequences and the assessment of the difficulty grammar of points, I posit eight principles for assessing the difficulty of seven disposal construction sub-structures, and order such sub-structures according to their level of difficulty; in so doing, I assess the sequencing, pedagogical stages, and grading of the sub-structures, and create a model for disposal construction pedagogy which includes a series of computer-based, task-oriented scenarios. I believe my thesis can help bridge the gap between the fields of pedagogical grammar and pedagogy, and provide a discursive platform on which relevant issues can be further examined. Hopefully, my research and the potential discursive platform arising from it will lend themselves to discrediting the common belief that disposal construction pedagogy is best formulated according to an educator’s personal experiences. This thesis thereby situates the pedagogy of the disposal construction firmly in the realm of empirical science. Additionally, I seek to help educators to develop their pedagogical methodology according to my sequence of the disposal construction, and to systematically improve their teaching methods. In so doing, educators will enable second language learners not only to fully grasp the disposal construction and other related grammar points, but also to grasp the entirety of the Chinese grammar system. Thus they will ultimately allow learners to actively engage speakers of the target language in an appropriate, effective manner.
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