221,658 research outputs found
Large-eddy simulation of dispersion from surface sources in arrays of obstacles
No full textTowards meeting the objective of simulating heat transfer processes in urban areas, the study of dispersion from a scalar (ground) surface area source has been addressed as a first step, as dispersion from such a source is in some ways analogous to heat transfer from the surface. Two different urban-like geometries are considered in this study: an array with uniform height cubes and an array with random height cuboids. Some point measurement dispersion experiments in a wind tunnel have previously been carried out in identical arrays using a naphthalene sublimation technique. Large-eddy simulations (LES) of these experiments have been performed as a validation study and the details, presented here, demonstrate the influence of the roughness morphology on the dispersion processes and the power of LES for obtaining physically important scalar turbulent flux information
A performance comparison between two design techniques for non-linear output feedback control
No full textFor a system possessing a non-linear output feedback normal form, an observer backstepping design is compared to a high gain observer design with respect to non-singular performance cost functional. If the initial error between the initial condition of the state and the initial condition of the observer is large, the high gain observer design is shown to have better performance than the observer backstepping design. An output feedback system with parametric uncertainty is then considered. It is shown that if an a priori estimate for the bound of the uncertain parameter is conservative, then an adaptive observer backstepping design has better performance than the adaptive high gain observer design
Co-expression of eYFP-XIE-T or eYFP-XIK-T with various fluorescent organelle markers in tobacco epidermal cells
No full texteYFP-XIE-T (magenta a, e, i, m) was co-expressed with fluorescent markers for Golgi bodies (ST-CFP, b), peroxisomes (CFP-SKL, f), mitochondria (β ATPase signal peptide-GFP, j), and the ER (GFP-HDEL, n). The merged images indicate that eYFP-XIE-T is closely associated, but does not solely decorate the periphery of Golgi bodies (c), peroxisomes (g), mitochondria (k), or the ER (o). Merged images of cells co-expressing eYFP-XIK-T (magenta) with fluorescent markers (green) for Golgi bodies (d), peroxisomes (h), mitochondria (l), and ER (p) also show a close association of eYFP-XIK-T with these organelles. Both eYFP-XIE-T and eYFP-XIK-T are present in large and small puncta. eYFP-XIE-T is in more numerous small puncta than eYFP-XIK-T, whereas eYFP-XIK-T is more diffuse throughout the cytosol than eYFP-XIE-T (compare c with d). Scale bar 5 μm.<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Truncated myosin XI tail fusions inhibit peroxisome, Golgi, and mitochondrial movement in tobacco leaf epidermal cells: a genetic tool for the next generation"</p><p></p><p>Journal of Experimental Botany 2008;59(9):2499-2512.</p><p>Published online 23 May 2008</p><p>PMCID:PMC2423659.</p><p></p
Large-eddy simulation for flow and dispersion in urban streets
No full textLarge-eddy simulations (LES) with our recently developed inflow approach (Xie &Castro, 2008a) have been used for flow and dispersion within a genuine city area -the DAPPLE site, located at the intersection of Marylebone Rd and Gloucester Plin Central London. Numerical results up to second-order statistics are reported fora computational domain of 1.2km (streamwise) x 0.8km (lateral) x 0.2km (in fullscale), with a resolution down to approximately one meter in space and one secondin time. They are in reasonable agreement with the experimental data. Such a comprehensiveurban geometry is often, as here, composed of staggered, aligned, squarearrays of blocks with non-uniform height and non-uniform base, street canyons andintersections. Both the integrative and local effect of flow and dispersion to thesegeometrical patterns were investigated. For example, it was found that the peaksof spatially averaged urms, vrms, wrms and < u0w0 > occurred neither at the meanheight nor at the maximum height, but at the height of large and tall buildings. Itwas also found that the mean and fluctuating concentrations in the near-source fieldis highly dependent on the source location and the local geometry pattern, whereasin the far field (e.g. >0.1km) they are not. In summary, it is demonstrated thatfull-scale resolution of around one meter is sufficient to yield accurate prediction ofthe flow and mean dispersion characteristics and to provide reasonable estimationof concentration fluctuation
[Cu(NHC)]-Catalyzed C-H Allylation and Alkenylation of both Electron-Deficient and Electron-Rich (Hetero)arenes with Allyl Halides
No full textNew reactivity of a [Cu(NHC)] (NHC=N-heterocyclic carbene) catalyst is disclosed for the efficient C-H allylation of polyfluoroarenes using allyl halides in benzene at room temperature. The same catalyst system also promotes an isomerization-induced alkenylation of initially the generated allyl arenes when the reaction is run in tetrahydrofuran. Significantly, not only electron-deficient but also electron-rich (hetero)arenes undergo this double-bond migration process, thus leading to alkenylated products. The present system features mild reaction conditions, broad scope with respect to the arene substrates and allyl halide reactants, good functional-group tolerance, and high stereoselectivity. © 2016 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim125251sciescopu
Statistical analysis of the effects of eYFP-XIE-T and eYFP-XIK-T on Golgi and peroxisome movement
No full textCumulative distribution function (CDF) plots of tracked peroxisomes (CFP-SKL, a, b, c) and Golgi bodies (ST-CFP, d, e, f) from at least 10 independent movies under various experimental conditions were generated. Organelle track velocity (a, d), displacement rates (shortest distance between the beginning and end of a track over time) (b, e), and meandering index (displacement rate divided by the track velocity) (c, f) are shown. Tracks from untreated control samples only expressing markers for Golgi bodies (=543, dotted line) or peroxisomes (=108, dotted line) are shown. Golgi body tracks from samples treated with Latrunculin B (=106, dashed line) or co-expressing eYFP-XIE-T (=243, black line) or eYFP-XIK-T (=125, grey line) are slower and have lower rates than control samples, with Latrunculin B treatment having the lowest rates. Similar results are also apparent for peroxisome movement [peroxisome control (=108), peroxisome sample treated with Latrunculin B (=71), peroxisome sample co-expressing eYFP-XIE-T (=52), or eYFP-XIK-T (n = 79)].<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Truncated myosin XI tail fusions inhibit peroxisome, Golgi, and mitochondrial movement in tobacco leaf epidermal cells: a genetic tool for the next generation"</p><p></p><p>Journal of Experimental Botany 2008;59(9):2499-2512.</p><p>Published online 23 May 2008</p><p>PMCID:PMC2423659.</p><p></p
Sustaining China's media economy: tackling sensationalism and three dilemmas
No full textXie Baohiu and Gao Mob
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Clustering Madura tourism destinations using Fuzzy C-Means and Fuzzy C-Medoids with Xie–Beni optimization
No full textTourism is a strategic sector that plays a significant role in improving the regional economy, including Madura Island, which boasts diverse cultural and natural tourism destinations. Proper clustering of tourist attractions is essential to support more effective regional development planning, promotion, and policy strategies. This study applies data mining with an unsupervised learning approach to cluster tourist attractions in Madura using a comparison of two methods: Fuzzy C-Means (FCM) and Fuzzy C-Medoids (FCMedoids). Both methods were evaluated using the Xie-Beni (XB) validation index as an optimization parameter to determine the quality of cluster formation. Preprocessing included data normalization and outlier removal to ensure model stability. Experiments were conducted with varying the number of clusters from 2 to 10 to obtain the smallest Xie-Beni Index value as the best clustering result. The results showed that the Fuzzy C-Medoids method produced a lower Xie-Beni value of 0.09 compared to the Fuzzy C-Means method (5.40), indicating better separation between clusters and a higher density within clusters. These clustering results can be used as a basis for decision-making in developing regional tourism potential, data- driven promotional strategies, and planning sustainable tourism policies on Madura Island
Ordonner, formuler, répondre: Cinq siècles de métamorphoses de l'écrit domanial en pays rémois (VIIe-XIe siècles)
No full textCe dossier documentaire illustre les modes d'élaboration et la production des écrits de gestion (polyptyques, censiers) dans le diocèse de Reims (en particulier à l'abbaye de Saint-Remi) depuis le VIIe jusqu'au XIe siècle. Les sources principales abordées sont les biographies d'évêques contenues dans l'Historia de Flodoard de Reims, les strates successives du polyptyque de Saint-Remi (c.850-Xe siècle), la notice des cens de Saint-Remi (début XIe) et une notice des bienfaiteurs de l'abbaye, témoin d'un obituaire disparu du XIe siècle.info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublishe
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