1,721,576 research outputs found
Podocinum tibetensis Yan, Jin, Wu, Guo & Guo 2012
No full text36. Podocinum tibetensis Yan, Jin, Wu, Guo & Guo, 2012 Podocinum tibetensis Yan, Jin, Wu, Guo & Guo, 2012: 36. Type depository. Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China. Type locality and habitat. China, Bome County (29°53’ N, 95°40’ E; alt. 2726 m), Nyingchi, Tibet Autonomous Region, 25 August 2010, in litter under pine tree.Published as part of Barros, Avyla R. A., Castilho, Raphael C. & De Moraes, Gilberto J., 2020, Catalogue of the mite family Podocinidae Berlese (Acari: Mesostigmata), pp. 141-156 in Zootaxa 4802 (1) on page 153, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4802.1.9, http://zenodo.org/record/390496
The Social Construction and Deconstruction of Evil Landlords in Contemporary Chinese Fiction, Art, and Collective Memory
No full textThe research for this essay was funded by Allegheny College's Academic Support Committee.Using theories of sociology, personal interviews, textual and image analysis, and historical contextualization, the essay examines the portrayal of evil landlords in Chinese film and art, with a focus on the process of Chinese socialist state’s creation of difficult reputations of notorious evil landlords, the reception of the images, and their transformations today. The essay demonstrates how the image of fictitious landlord Huang Shiren is gradually demonized and caricatured from the original opera to the later film, ballet, and children’s comic book, and argues that the process of constructing Huang Shiren in White-Haired Girl is in line with the radicalization of Chinese politics from the 1940s through the 1970s.
The image of the Sichuan landlord Liu Wencai is another case under study. The state used multiple methods to make Liu Wencai an epitome of all evils of the old society by sponsoring the design and construction of the Liu Wencai manor museum as a class struggle education site and training his tenants to recall the bitterness they suffered from Liu Wencai. The state and local artists also created the famous Rent-Collection Courtyard sculpture of over 100 figures to enhance the effect in educating the masses about the evilness of the landlord class. The article also shows that in recent years, the descendants of the accused landlords have started to challenge the difficult reputation of their forebears. The grandson of Liu Wencai privately interviewed the former tenants of Liu Wencai, attempting to rectify the name of his grandfather, and the great grandson of Zhou Chunfu, another notorious landlord who allegedly mimicked rooster crowing to wake up his hired laborers to work early. Zhou Chunfu (Zhou Bapi)’s story is invented in the soldier-writer Gao Yubao’s semi-fictitious autobiography, and it was so popular in socialist China that his great grandson Meng Lingqian published a book to rectify the name of Zhou Chunfu. Finally, the essay argues that socialist China as a propaganda state had sophisticated top-down techniques and rhetoric to create propaganda discourse about the evil character of the landlord class through a variety of art forms, which became a part of socialist China art as well as collective memory and historical imagination and posed challenge to the definition of art, literature, and history. However, it is in turn being challenged by a new round of historical inquiry and personal memory.Published articleThis article will be available for public use after March 1, 201
Outsourcing the State Power: Extrajudicial Incarceration during the Cultural Revolution
No full textThis article reconstructs the origins, typology and implications of extrajudicial incarceration as a political phenomenon during the Cultural Revolution. It analyses the “cowshed” based on its various founders and functions at different stages of the Cultural Revolution, and argues that the Party committees, the People’s Liberation Army (PLA) and the revolutionary committees, i.e. the arms of the state, played a role no less significant than student Red Guards in confining and torturing innocent people. The article emphasises that the cowshed was distinct for its pervasive, decentred, arbitrary and spontaneous characteristics; however, the exertion of direct popular justice without formal intermediation in China was an alternative form of state violence through outsourcing the state power.Published articl
New Qing History: Disputes, Dialogues, and Influence
No full textThis article studies the New Qing History approach that arose in the US in the 1980s and the ensuing responses to it, and how these responses can be understood in the context of American China studies, twentieth-century historiographical trends, and Chinese nationalism. It argues that the New Qing History approach should be considered in a contextualized and de-politicized way. After examining how Chinese-born scholars responded to the controversial issues (sinicization, the
nature of the Qing dynasty/Empire, and the definition of China/Zhongguo) pro-voked by New Qing History, the article suggests that sinicization should no longer be used as an uncontestable interpretative framework for studies of Chinese history. Instead, it favors a historicized conceptualization of China empha-sizing its open, inclusive, and integrative character, as well as the uniqueness of Qing China’s expansion. The article also demonstrates the New Qing History approach’s positive influences in diversifying primary sources and its contribution in promoting borderland and non-Han studies.Published articl
Context and Text: Historicizing Xuanzang and the Da Tang Xiyu Ji
No full textThe content of the Da Tang Xiyu ji, or The Great Tang Records of the Western Regions, drew upon Xuanzang’s long-term interest in secular things and its compilation was a response to the imperial order of Li Shimin, or Tang Taizong, with the main goal of finding facts about the Western Regions, which Li Shimin was planning to conquer and govern. The book’s style and focus inherited traditional Chinese geographical books, local gazetteers and the official history’s section on the western borderlands by recording the regions’ products and customs, and it passes moral judgments on local people. The book’s ethnographical character and Xuanzang’s concern with secular affairs and his interest in empirical studies, as well as its goal of providing information to the emperor, are the important aspects that need to be grasped to achieve an in-depth and multifaceted understanding.Published articl
Speaking bitterness: Political education in land reform and military training under the CCP, 1947-1951.
No full textIn breaking the dividing line of 1949, this paper provides a historical account of the speaking-bitterness movement in the countryside and in the People’s Liberation Army from the 1940s through the 1950s. It demonstrates the Party’s motivations, techniques, and effects in organizing and controlling the speaking-bitterness movement as a campaign of political education and ideological transformation. The paper argues that when confronted with widespread, passive resistance and skepticism of the Communist revolution, the Party used speaking bitterness to mobilize poor peasants to participate in Land Reform, and to join the People’s People’s Liberation Army (PLA). PLA soldiers also went through speaking bitterness as an important step of politicization. Speaking bitterness became a significant political ritual of self-education and mutual education. It successfully turned an individual’s experience of trauma and suffering into collective experience, and cut across the traditional identities of lineage and neighborhood.Final manuscript post peer review, without publisher's formatting or copy
editing (postprint)This version of the article is available for viewing to the public after November 30, 2015
Zhang, Qiong. Making the new world their own: Chinese encounters with Jesuit Science in the Age of Discovery. [review]
No full textPublished articleThis version of the article is available for viewing to the public after December 2018
Ritual, Reading and Resistance in the Prison and Cowshed during the Cultural Revolution
No full textPutting the cultural experiences of a multitude of prisoners during the Cultural Revolution in the historical context of the modern Chinese prison system and in light of the critical theories of methods of penalty and cultural production under incarceration in modern society, this article argues that the formal prison and informal cowshed during the Cultural Revolution both served as important sites for cultural production and dissemination. They also demonstrated the inmates’ perseverance, articulation and resistance. Beneath the surface of highly structured and formulaic daily routine, mechanic ritual performance and forced obeisance, the political prisoners utilized multiple available forms to negotiate with the authorities, influence each other and even their guards, and maximize the freedom of reading, communication and gaining outside information.Final manuscript post peer review, without publisher's formatting or copy
editing (postprint)This version of the article is available for viewing to the public after April 13, 2021
ZHENG ZHEN AND THE RISE OF EVIDENTIAL RESEARCH IN LATE QING NORTHERN GUIZHOU
No full textAbstractThis article investigates the formation of the Shatan scholarly group and the contribution of its leader, Zheng Zhen. Zheng benefitted from a vigorous trans-regional cultural network of returned local scholars such as Li Xun and Mo Yuchou and prominent scholar-officials from outside such as Cheng Enze and He Changling. Zheng Zhen remained true to the approaches and research topics of evidential research, i.e., historical philology and exegesis of pre-Qin classics, bibliography, and an inquiry into ancient institutions and technology, in an era when the general intellectual trend turned toward statecraft studies and the politicized Modern Text School, promoted by scholars like Gong Zizhen and Kang Youwei. The contribution of the Shatan group, Zheng Zhen in particular, embodies the rise of evidential research, a passion for facts, as well as concerns about society. More importantly, it prompts us to rethink Guizhou as an active agent in the late Qing Chinese cultural landscape.</jats:p
The Paranthrenini of Mainland China (Lepidoptera, Sesiidae)
No full textKallies, Axel, Arita, Yutaka, Owada, Mamoru, Wu, Guo-Yi, Wang, Min (2014): The Paranthrenini of Mainland China (Lepidoptera, Sesiidae). Zootaxa 3811 (2): 185-206, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3811.2.
- …
