1,720,957 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
A Descriptive survey study of International students’ experiences studying at the University of Manitoba: Motivations, Challenges, Coping strategies and Supports.
No full textEvery year a growing number of international students move to other countries, specifically western countries, to pursue university education. They are motivated by various factors existing at home and in the prospective host countries and universities. These factors are known as the push-pull factors, forcing out and attracting international students to pursue university education in other countries. However, upon arrival, international students encounter a myriad of challenges as part of their university education experience.
A substantial amount of research has been documented on international students experiences in western countries (their motivations for studies and challenges), but few exist on their experiences in Canada during university education. The current study endeavors to expand the literature by focusing on international students’ motivations for coming and their experiences (challenges, coping strategies and support systems) upon arrival in a particular Canadian university, the University of Manitoba.
This study used an online survey method with a convenience sampling of 712 international students currently enrolled at the University of Manitoba. The results show that international students are influenced by various push-pull factors, although the pull factors appeared to be dominant. Challenges were mainly categorized into language, financial, academic, environmental and cultural, personal and social. The majority of the international students reported financial, personal and social challenges. Covid-19 presented additional challenges for most international students. A number of coping strategies and support systems were reported by respondents, ranging from personal supports (e.g. staying in touch with family) to institutional mechanisms (e.g. international students centre). Giddens’ (1984) Agency and Structuration theory was used to understand both enabling and constraining structural factors that may affect international students experiences both before (motives to study here) and during (challenges and supports) their studies in Canada and at University of Manitoba. Study limitations and suggestions for future research are discussed. Finally, following the suggestions of participating international students, a number of recommendations are made regarding how to improve the life of the international student body in Canada, and at the University of Manitoba.May 202
Is crime influenced by an interplay between morality and deterrence? An Assessment of Empirical Studies
No full textSituational Action Theory (SAT) is a recent theoretical contribution to criminology that tries to integrate environmental features (deterrence mechanisms) and individual characteristics (morality) in the explanation of crime. The theory considers morality as the cogent factor in the explanation of crime but further adds that deterrence mechanisms are also relevant. In relation to this is the core proposition of the theory which states that “effective deterrence is more likely to reduce crime among individuals with a low level of morality as compared to individuals with high level of morality, and that deterrence is not a relevant factor to reduce crime among individuals with high level of morality” (Wikstrom, 2006).
Using the selective-based literature review technique, this paper seeks to review past and recent peer-reviewed papers that have tried to assess this core proposition to determine the state of research. In all, 12 articles were analyzed, and the results of this study showed that there is good evidence to support this core proposition. To improve future studies, some aspects of the published studies—including study population (adults, adolescents, potential or actual offenders), type of crime studied, form of deterrence mechanisms analyzed (formal or informal) and the methodological approach used, among others—were further discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
“I left home for better opportunities elsewhere”: An Autoethnographic Study of what it means to be an International Student
No full textCanada is increasingly receiving international students despite the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. Informed by the media, friends and family members, many international students are motivated by the prospects of studying in Canadian post-secondary institutions. This is due to factors such as the reputation of education in Canada, scholarship opportunities, and future employment opportunities. Upon arrival, international students become aware of the challenges associated with living in a new country. They become disappointed and stressed, especially during the initial stage of settlement due to various challenges such as financial difficulties, discrimination and racism, environment-related challenges, loneliness and other mental health issues. Their challenging experiences affect their overall satisfaction and success in their studies. Given the cultural, social and economic benefits international students bring to Canada, it is essential to understand their experiences and how to better support them. In this study, I contributed to the existing literature by focusing on my past experiences as an international student from Ghana using evocative ethnography. I shared the challenges, successes and supports that shaped my overall perspective and settlement in Canada. The major challenges were financial problems, environmental and cultural adjustment, discrimination and loneliness, and COVID-19 pandemic-related challenges. Support strategies involved my personal motivation to succeed, institutional supports (i.e., scholarships, food bank, English language centres, international student centre), my peers in Canada, and my family in my home country. I hope that international students who intend to migrate to Canada and those presently in Canada will learn from the experiences that I have had. This is a singular narrative, but has the potential to influence migration decisions and policies to foster quality international students’ experiences in Canada
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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